Effect of particulate matters on inactivation of bacteriophage MS2 under irradiation above 320 nm

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The inactivation of bacteriophage MS2 under irradiation above 320 nm was investigated, focusing on different solution pH, ionic strength, and...     

The antiestrogen-like activity and reproductive toxicity of 2,6-DCBQ on female zebrafish upon sub-chronic exposure

2,6-Dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ), an emerging water disinfection by-product, is widely detected in water resources. However, its potential effects on the reproductive system are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the long-term effects of 2,6-DCBQ on gonadal development by exposing zebrafish from 15 to 180 days postfertilization (dpf). Following exposure to 2,6-DCBQ (20 and 100 µg/L), female-specific effects including delayed puberty onset, retarded ovarian growth and breakdown of the zona radiata were observed, resulting in subfertility in adult females. Adverse effects in folliculogenesis disappeared two months after cessation of 2,6-DCBQ administration. In contrast, no adverse impacts were noted in male testes. The effects on females were associated with significant reduction in 17β-estradiol (E2) level, suggesting a role for 2,6-DCBQ in anti-estrogenic activity. E2 level change in blood was further supported by dysregulated expression of genes (cyp19a1a, fshb, kiss3, esr2b, vtg1, and vtg3) related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad-liver (HPGL) axis. The present study demonstrates for the first time that 2,6-DCBQ induces reproductive impairments in female zebrafish through disrupting 17β-estradiol level.     

地面火炬的安全应用

介绍了国内外地面火炬的设计特点及应用情况，对地面火炬的安全可靠性进行了分析。     

甲硫醇高效降解菌的筛选

利用平板分离技术 ,以甲硫醇为降解基质从农药废水生化池活性污泥中分离出 1种异养菌和 1种真菌。根据菌种的耐碱度实验和降解力实验 ,表明真菌的降解能力相当强 ,而按 1∶3比例配成的混合菌种降解效果最好。经分析 ,活性污泥菌胶团强大的吸附能力、真菌高效的分解能力以及混合菌群中各菌种的互生、共生关系起到了很好的协同作用 ,使降解效果大大提高。从菌落形态和显微镜观察到的菌体结构与形态情况看 ,初步确定该真菌属于子囊菌。     

印染行业清洁生产标准的现状及改进对策

清洁生产标准是清洁生产中重要组成部分.以印染行业清洁生产标准为对象,分析该标准的特点和发现其中不足并提出改进措施,从而充分发挥清洁生产标准在我国印染行业清洁生产中的作用.     

基于传输线模型的雷电流电磁场分布研究

在雷电电磁场理论的基础上,计算出雷电流产生的电场强度和磁场强度方程。采用传输线模型(TL)对雷电流电磁场进行计算,得出了雷电电磁脉冲的近场和远场与雷电通道底部电流的关系式,结合脉冲函数仿真了雷电通道底部电流在空间中产生的电磁场。     

啤酒的生命周期评价

本文在啤酒酿造阶段基础上,将原料种植及麦芽制备引入研究范围,利用Gabi5.0软件对啤酒进行从摇篮到大门的生命周期评价.各阶段考虑温室效应、酸化、富营养化、非生物资源消耗、人体潜在毒性、光化学毒性6种环境影响类型.结果表明,温室效应是啤酒生产对环境影响的主要类型,占总环境影响潜值43.75%,环境影响由强至弱分别为温室效应、富营养化、酸化、人体潜在毒性、光化学毒性和非生物资源消耗.灌装阶段是造成环境影响的主要阶段,占总环境影响潜值39.77%,种植阶段次之.其中灌装阶段的温室效应、非生物资源消耗、人体潜在毒性和光化学毒性影响潜值为啤酒生产各阶段最高值,种植阶段的富营养化、酸化影响潜值在各阶段最高.对灌装阶段采用传输管道改进,空压机热能回收、蒸汽二次利用等清洁生产方案降低能源消耗和环境影响,方案实施后蒸气和电能消耗分别减少247.66 MJ和4.46 k Wh,温室效应影响潜值减少19.18%,具有一定的环境效益和经济效益.     

基于后悔值模型的化工园区应急避难场所选址分析

化工园区内危险源数量多,分布广,易发生火灾爆炸等突发性灾害事故,人员应急避难场所选址相对复杂。以后悔值理论为基础,结合效用函数,构建了后悔值模型对化工园区内避难场所选址问题进行研究。主要考虑了园区内各化工企业区域分布、事故影响范围、避难人数需求、事故发生概率等因素对避难所选址的影响,结合灾害时避难人数分布情况和从聚集点向避难所转移实际所需时间提出了等效时间的概念。最后将模型应用于小虎岛化工园区避难所的选址问题,并对模型中表征风险规避程度的参数θ和后悔遗憾程度的参数δ的敏感性进行了分析。     

高等师范院校非环境类专业环境教育课程化的探讨

在对高等师范院校环境教育的现状及存在问题进行全面分析的基础上,提出了环境教育课程化的基本方式,包括开设环境教育的系列课程和加强实践性环境教育活动.对高等师范院校非环境类专业环境教育的课程化问题提出一些看法和建议:高等师范院校非环境类专业的环境教育应强化学生的职前培训,实施环境教育的课程化,建立完善的课程体系并采用多种课程教育模式,加强社会实践活动,将传统的师范教育课程体系改为更为广泛的多种课程体系.同时还要注重环境教育师资培养、加强学生的环保法律法规教育、创建绿色校园环境.     

Functional mechanisms of mandatory corporate environmental disclosure: an empirical study in China

This paper analyzes the functions of a government-oriented disclosure program in China, which rates company environmental performance into five colors and discloses the results to the public. The rating results and their annual changes during 2005–2007 are statistically summarized by using the detailed database provided by municipal environmental protection bureau of the study area: Changshu city in Jiangsu province. The reflexive, deterrent and enhancement mechanisms, preliminarily identified for the disclosure program, are qualitatively evaluated by using the information collected by onsite interviews to 32 program participating firms. In overall, the firms' environmental performances have been improved. The companies with worse rating records would be more likely to improve their environmental performances in the following years. The disclosure program encourages the firms to be more reflexive to their internal environmental problems. The deterrent and enhancement functions of the program are weak due to the marginal pressure from the classified stakeholders such as investors, business partners and creditors. The influence of the public, such as neighboring communities and environmental NGOs, is weak too. Encouraging serious reactions of firm's stakeholders to the disclosed rating results should be addressed in order to enhance the effectiveness of the disclosure strategy.