不同林龄木麻黄人工林生物多样性与土壤养分状况研究

木麻黄（Casuarina equisetifolia）是我国东南沿海海岸防护林骨干树种。本文对广东省茂名市木麻黄防护林开展了不同林龄的种群结构、植物多样性、以及土壤养分特征的研究。结果表明,滨海沙地木麻黄群落在生长过程中有明显的自疏现象,18年林个体数（975株·hm-2）不足3年林个体数一半（2350株·hm-2）,3年至6年龄木麻黄生长最快。调查林地内共有植物27种,其中灌木8种,草本植物18种。随林龄的增长,林下植物种数显著增加,多样性指数、均匀度指数逐步增加,优势度指数下降。林地土壤有机碳、全氮与速效氮供应水平极低;土壤磷供应相对较好,表层有效磷一般高于3.5mg·kg-1。土壤有效养分与植物多样性显著相关,显示养分是植物定居的主要限制因素。结果表明,木麻黄林结构简单,生物多样性低,土壤养分贫乏。     

Significant work events and counterproductive work behavior: The role of fairness,emotions, and emotion regulation

In this diary study, we investigated multi‐level predictors of daily counterproductive work behavior (CWB) relying on the theoretical frameworks of affective events theory and the emotion‐centered model of CWB. We assessed significant work events, event‐based fairness perceptions, negative emotional reactions to work events, and employee CWB over a 10‐day period. We tested within‐person relations predicting CWB, and cross‐level moderating effects of two emotion regulation strategies (suppression and reappraisal). Results from a multi‐level path analysis revealed that significant work events had both direct and indirect effects on negative emotional reactions. Further, negative emotional reactions in turn mediated the relationships between significant work events and all forms of daily CWB as well as the relationship between event‐based fairness perceptions and daily CWB‐O. Results also supported the moderating role of reappraisal emotion regulation strategy on relations between significant work events and negative emotional reactions. Less support, however, was found for the moderating influence of suppression on the link between negative emotional reactions and CWB. Among the broad work event categories we identified, our supplemental analyses revealed that negative work events involving interactions with supervisors elicited the highest levels of employee negative emotional reactions. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于政府监管与油气企业安全投资的博弈分析

石油天然气企业属于多工种的综合性企业,其生产过程是从寻找油气资源开始,到加工生产出合格的石油工业产品的整个过程。它包括了油气资源的勘探、钻井、油（气）田建设、采油采气、井下作业、油气集输、石油炼制等。     

拉萨和合肥环境下不同厚度保温材料EPS火蔓延特性研究

为了揭示保温材料EPS在不同厚度以及不同压力和氧气浓度等条件下火蔓延特性规律,分别在高原地区的拉萨和平原地区的合肥对其进行了火蔓延实验。实验是在小尺寸火蔓延实验台中进行的。通过分析在水平放置时,不同厚度保温材料在两地火蔓延过程中火蔓延速度、平均池火长度、平均最大火焰高度等特性参数的变化规律,定量地揭示了高原和平原环境对不同厚度保温材料EPS火蔓延特性参数的影响。结果表明,保温材料EPS火蔓延速度、平均池火长度、平均最大火焰高度在拉萨和合肥环境条件下,均随着保温材料厚度的增加而增加。同种厚度EPS在两地火蔓延过程中,火蔓延速度、平均池火长度、平均最大火焰高度在合肥地区都高于拉萨地区的特点。     

木材运输汽车轮胎的安全管理与使用

浅析林业木材生产运输过程中汽车轮胎安全管理的重要性 ,以及经济安全使用的方法和注意事项     

土壤理化条件变化对含硫气体释放的影响

研究在不同的室内培养条件下,土壤的各种物理化学条件对含硫气体释放的影响．结果表明,土壤在含水率为50%～75%,ｐＨ＝3.25～8.67,较大的Ｃ:Ｎ 条件下,各含硫气体的释放量较大．而光照条件对于不同的硫源释放含硫气体的情况各有不同．环境条件通过改变微生物的活动改变了各硫源的生化分解的产硫量     

对本溪市生态环境问题的探讨

简述了“十五”期间本溪市生态环境质量的现状、特点、趋势;以及生态保护、生态建设的情况。提出了生态环境问题的防治对策。     

三相流化床中人苍白杆菌的挂膜及其降解苯胺废水

利用驯化筛选的苯胺优势降解菌人苍白杆菌(Ochrobactrumanthropi)在内循环三相流化床内处理含苯胺废水,以自行研制的纤维颗粒为载体,研究了溶解氧(DO)和水力停留时间(HRT)对苯胺降解过程的影响,探讨了反应器抗废水浓度负荷冲击的能力并考察了反应器对含苯胺生产废水的处理效果。结果显示,在4d内微生物开始附着纤维载体生长,反应器经过30d驯化启动即进入稳定状态;对废水获得良好的处理效果。由此证明了优势菌种与生物流化床结合处理毒性难降解苯胺废水的高效性。     

Seasonal Variation of the Particle Size Distribution of n-Alkanes and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Aerosol of Guangzhou, China

Seasonal aerosol samples have been collected by Andersen Hi-Vol pumping system equipped with a five stage cascade impactor and a backup filter (size range: 10–7.2 μ m, 7.2–3.0 μ m, 3.0–1.5 μ m, 1.5–0.95 μ m, 0.95–0.49 μ m, ≤0.49 μ m) in the Liwan district, Guangzhou. n-Alkanes were measured using gas chromatography and PAHs were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. The bimodal log-normal distributions of n-alkanes and semi-volatile PAHs were found, while for non-volatile PAHs that was unimodal, so much as the mode of semi-volatile PAHs was similar with that of the particles. The n-alkanes and PAHs were preferably associated with fine particles. C _max (carbon number maximum) (C₂₂–C₂₆), CPI (carbon preference index) (1.12–1.21), U/R (unresolved to resolved components ratio) (7.42–10.7), wax% (0.9–3.12%) and the diagnostic ratios for PAHs revealed that vehicular emission was the major source of these organic compounds during the study periods, while the contribution of epicuticular waxes emitted by terrestrial plants was minor. CPI₂ (values for petrogenic hydrocarbons), CPI₃ (values for biogenic n-alkanes) and wax% revealed that the natural preferentially accumulated in the larger aerosol while the anthropogenic in the smaller. In addition, the different MMDs (mass median diameters) for n-alkanes and PAHs were observed in different seasons. The MMDs for n-alkanes and PAHs were higher in autumn/winter than those in spring/summer. The seasonal effect was related to the hydrocarbon content in the individual particulate fractions, showing a preferential association of n-alkanes and PAHs with larger particles in the autumn/winter season.     

沈阳地区过去30年环境风险时空格局的研究

应用“风险频数”及相关指标对沈阳地区过去３０年环境风险的时空格局进行了分析。结果表明：风险频数在１９６６—１９７７及１９７８—１９９１两个时段之间的分布存在极显著差异（ｔ＝－７．３５３,ｔ０．０１＝２．８０７）;过去３０年环境风险空间分布格局没有显著变化,但各亚区之间风险频数存在显著差异;沈阳地区存在一批高风险企业,化工行业是风险最高行业。