净化SO2的生物膜填料塔中微生物类群分析

对净化废气中SO2的生物膜填料塔内的微生物进行了分离纯化并做鉴定,得到一株嗜酸性氧化硫硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus thiooxdans IEL001)和一株分类地位非常接近链二孢属(Bispora sp.)的极端嗜酸真IEL002,生物膜填料塔内的极端酸性环境和有机营养的缺乏导致生物膜上的微生物种类较为...     

亚磷酸钙工业废渣制取亚磷酸

研究了以亚磷酸钙工业废渣为原料制取亚磷酸的工艺条件.实验确定最佳工艺条件为:在1 500 mL去离子水中加入亚磷酸钙工业废渣500.0 g和碳酸钠350.0 g,80℃反应8h,得亚磷酸钠溶液;向亚磷酸钠溶液中加入163.3 g硫酸得到亚磷酸粗产品;加入300 mL无水乙酸萃取亚磷酸粗产品后,在蒸馏温度100℃、蒸馏真...     

药卷位置对边坡光面爆破效果影响研究

为了进一步探究药卷位置对边坡光面爆破效果的影响,在LS-DYNA构建孔径90 mm、药卷直径32 mm的同心不耦合装药和偏心不耦合装药模型,分析2种装药形式的孔壁压力及损伤展布情况,并基于此提出改进偏心不耦合装药,通过现场光面爆破试验验证改进偏心不耦合装药应用效果。研究结果表明:同心不耦合装药孔壁各测点压力峰值基本相同,炮孔周围相同爆心距处的损伤等级基本一致;偏心不耦合装药孔壁各测点压力峰值从炮孔底部到炮孔顶部逐渐减小,下方耦合侧岩体的损伤等级与损伤范围明显优于上方不耦合侧岩体;原有偏心不耦合装药会导致边坡预留岩体产生过度破坏,采用改进偏心不耦合装药能避免边坡预留岩体的过度破坏,形成平整光滑的爆后轮廓面。     

The use of spatial autocorrelation analysis to identify PAHs pollution hotspots at an industrially contaminated site

The identification of contamination “hotspots” are an important indicator of the degree of contamination in localized areas, which can contribute towards the re-sampling and remedial strategies used in the seriously contaminated areas. Accordingly, 114 surface samples, collected from an industrially contaminated site in northern China, were assessed for 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and were analyzed using multivariate statistical and spatial autocorrelation techniques. The results showed that the PCA leads to a reduction in the initial dimension of the dataset to two components, dominated by Chr, Bbf&Bkf, Inp, Daa, Bgp, and Nap were good representations of the 16 original PAHs; Global Moran’s I statistics indicated that the significant autocorrelations were detected and the autocorrelation distances of six indicator PAHs were 750, 850, 1,200, 850, 750, and 1,200 m, respectively; there were visible high–high values (hotspots) clustered in the mid-bottom part of the site through the Local Moran’s I index analysis. Hotspot identification and spatial distribution results can play a key role in contaminated site investigation and management.     

对本溪市生态环境问题的探讨

简述了“十五”期间本溪市生态环境质量的现状、特点、趋势;以及生态保护、生态建设的情况。提出了生态环境问题的防治对策。     

三相流化床中人苍白杆菌的挂膜及其降解苯胺废水

利用驯化筛选的苯胺优势降解菌人苍白杆菌(Ochrobactrumanthropi)在内循环三相流化床内处理含苯胺废水,以自行研制的纤维颗粒为载体,研究了溶解氧(DO)和水力停留时间(HRT)对苯胺降解过程的影响,探讨了反应器抗废水浓度负荷冲击的能力并考察了反应器对含苯胺生产废水的处理效果。结果显示,在4d内微生物开始附着纤维载体生长,反应器经过30d驯化启动即进入稳定状态;对废水获得良好的处理效果。由此证明了优势菌种与生物流化床结合处理毒性难降解苯胺废水的高效性。     

如何树立生态文明新理念

生态文明是人类文明发展的必由之路.继承和创新中国传统文化固有的生态文明观,注重树立生态文明的新理念,要坚持以科学发展观为指导,以奥运为契机,建立绿色生态消费观,更要从审美的视角开展生态美育教育.     

微生物对煤矿固体废弃物的脱硫效应

煤矸石是煤矿特有的一种固体废弃物,应用本实验室筛选出的氧化亚铁硫杆菌Thiobacillus ferrooxidans和嗜酸氧化硫硫杆菌Thiobacillus thiooxidans对宁夏大武口高硫煤矸石进行微生物脱硫技术及应用条件的研究,如不同煤矸石粒径、不同接种浓度和不同煤矸石浓度。2种脱硫细菌对煤矸石的脱硫效果显著,小粒径煤矸石的微生物脱硫效果更好。考虑脱硫成本及脱硫效率,Thiobacillus ferrooxidans菌最佳的接种浓度为25%,在Thiobacillus Thiobacillus thiooxidans菌悬液中,能脱出最大量硫酸根的煤矸石最佳比例是10%。2种菌混合较单菌株脱硫效果更好,以Thiobacillus ferrooxidans∶Thiobacillus thiooxidans=2∶3的比例混合后对煤矸石的脱硫效果最佳,该结果为煤矿废弃物煤矸石的污染防治提供技术依据。     

高铁酸钾预氧化-三氯化铁混凝去除水中As3+

采用K2FeO4预氧化-FeCl3混凝联合去除水中的As3+,考察了适宜的K2FeO4预氧化时间、Fe3+和Fe6+加入量,分析了预氧化pH、混凝pH、碳酸盐和腐殖酸浓度对该工艺去除As3+效果的影响.实验结果表明:K2FeO4预氧化的适宜时间为2 min;加入质量浓度为2.4 mg/L的Fe6+和14.0 mg/L的Fe3+能使处理后水样中的As3+浓度符合GB--57492006<生活饮用水卫生标准>(As3+质量浓度小于0.01 mg/L);预氧化pH在4～9范围内,对K2FeO4预氧化-FeCl3混凝去除As3+的效果影响不大;FeCl3混凝阶段适宜的pH为6.0～8.5.碳酸盐对K2FeO4预氧化-FeCl3混凝去除As3+的效果基本没有影响;腐殖酸的存在使As3+的去除率有一定程度的降低.     

Environmental mercury contamination of an artisanal zinc smelting area in Weining County, Guizhou, China

To investigate the extent of Hg contamination due to artisanal Zn smelting activities in Weining County, northwestern Guizhou, China, total Hg and methyl mercury (MeHg) concentrations in soil and surface water were determined. Samples of corn plants growing in the study area were also collected for total Hg analysis. A high geometric mean Hg emission factor of 75gHgt(-1)Zn was estimated and significantly elevated total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations were found in the atmosphere adjacent to the Zn smelting sites, ranging from 30 to 3814ngm(-3). Total Hg and MeHg concentrations in topsoil samples ranged from 62 to 355microgkg(-1) and from 0.20 to 1.1microgkg(-1), respectively. Total Hg Concentrations in corn plant tissues increased in the order of grains相似文献