现场总线技术在烟气脱硫控制系统中的应用

阐述了一种将FCS与DCS相结合的控制系统-FDCS，并将其应用在火电厂烟气脱硫过程控制系统中。解决了液位控制易失灵、pH值难控制等问题，提高了系统的稳定性，保证了脱硫效率，降低了综合投资成本。     

退牧还草地区生态补偿机制研究

退牧还草工程作为21世纪初国家启动的一项重大的生态治理工程。在部分地区已取得了初步成效。然而也暴露出了不少问题。尤其是现行的补偿体系不够完善。无法实现农牧民的适度补偿。因此。建立与完善退牧还草项目的补偿体系。对巩固草原地区生态建设成果意义重大。本项研究在构建完整的生态补偿机制分析框架的基础上。通过问卷调查及跟踪访谈等方法。对内蒙古翁牛特旗退牧还草项目的实施进行实证分析。并根据不同类型草场的产量与承载力。遵循“以失定补”的原则。制定了不同类型草场的补偿标准。最后提出建立与完善退牧还草地区生态补偿机制的途径与措施。     

Effects of particle characteristics on flame propagation behavior during organic dust explosions in a half-closed chamber

To reveal the effects of particle characteristics on the mechanisms of flame propagation during organic dust explosions clearly, three long chain monobasic alcohols which are solids at room temperature and have similar physical–chemical properties were chosen to carry out experiments in a half-closed small chamber. A high-speed video camera was used to record the flame propagation process and to obtain the direct light emission photographs. Flame temperature was detected by a fine thermocouple. Based on the experimental results above, analysis was conducted on flame propagation characteristics and temperature profiles of organic particle cloud. As a result, it was found that the particle materials, especially volatility, strongly affected the flame propagation behavior. Particle concentration also affects the combustion zone propagation process significantly. With increasing the particle concentration, the maximum temperature of the combustion zone increases at the lower concentration, reaches a maximum value, and then decreases at the higher concentration. The propagation velocity of the combustion zone has a linear relationship with the maximum temperature, which implies conductive heat transfer is dominant in the flame propagation process of the three different volatile dusts.     

Micro calorimeter study on the thermal stability of lithium-ion battery electrolytes

With the extensive applications of lithium-ion batteries, many batteries explosion accidents were reported. The thermal stability of lithium-ion battery electrolyte could substantially affect the safety of lithium-ion battery. The C80 micro calorimeter was used to study the thermal stability of several commonly used organic solvents and electrolytes. The samples were heated in argon atmosphere and air atmosphere, respectively. The chemical reaction kinetics was supposed to fit by an Arrhenius law, then the self-accelerating decomposition temperature was calculated. It is found that most of the samples are stable in argon atmosphere while decomposing in air atmosphere, and the single organic solvent is more stable than the electrolyte generally.     

发挥总院技术优势,全面服务于构建安全装备与技术保障体系

在今年7月初召开的全国安全生产工作座谈会上,国家安全生产监督管理局(国家煤矿安全监察局)局长王显政指出:要加强安全生产的科研工作,明确安全科技攻关的主攻方向,提高安全监管的科技含量。要加强安全生产设备、劳动保护用品的安全认证和监督管理工作,进一步规范安全生产检验测试机构和中介组织的认证认可     

采矿作业眼伤害的原因及对策

眼伤害在采矿作业的职业伤害中占有很高的比例,眼睛是接收获取信息的重要途径,保护作业者的眼睛必须予以高度重视。在B采矿企业的调查分析找出可能的伤害因素,并制定相应的解决方案,提高作业者的自我防护意识、选择符合相关的标准和法规要求、适合作业者脸型且佩戴舒适的眼护具,并促使其正确使用和维护等措施,不仅帮助了作业者降低职业眼伤害的风险,而且维护作业者和企业的长远利益。     

井下巷道-矿车系统风流扰动特征规律实验研究

针对井下巷道-矿车系统易造成巷道风流紊乱、影响矿井通风系统安全稳定性的问题,建立巷道-矿车系统风流扰动模式及影响因素体系,提出表征巷道-矿车系统的风流扰动特征的关键参数,包括巷道扰动风阻、阻塞比、矿车位置,推导矿车运行至巷道不同位置时巷道-矿车系统扰动风阻计算公式,研究巷道风速、阻塞比与巷道风阻的关系。研究结果表明：矿车在巷道中顺风行驶的速度大于风速时,巷道-矿车系统对通风系统进行增压调节;当矿车逆风行驶时,巷道-矿车系统的风阻随着矿井通风系统供风量的增大而减小,最大扰动为矿车驶出巷道时刻,阻塞比与巷道风阻呈现线性递增关系;此外,小风速、小断面巷道运行的矿车对巷道-矿车系统的风阻影响较大,模型求解结果与实测数据的最大误差为6.84%。研究结果可为矿井通风系统的智能化调控提供理论依据。     

Experimental study on the impact of temperature on the dissipation process of supersaturated total dissolved gas

Water temperature not only affects the solubility of gas in water but can also be an important factor in the dissipation process of supersaturated total dissolved gas （TDG）. The quantitative relationship between the dissipation process and temperature has not been previously described. This relationship affects the accurate evaluation of the dissipation process and the subsequent biological effects. This article experimentally investigates the impact of temperature on supersaturated TDG dissipation in static and turbulent conditions. The results show that the supersaturated TDG dissipation coefficient increases with the temperature and turbulence intensity. The quantitative relationship was verified by straight flume experiments. This study enhances our understanding of the dissipation of supersaturated TDG. Furthermore, it provides a scientific foundation for the accurate prediction of the dissipation process of supersaturated TDG in the downstream area and the negative imp）acts of high dam projects on aquatic ecosystems.     

地表水中溶解氧监测及变化规律

采用碘-淀粉光度法对连云港大浦河水域中溶解氧进行测定,并对其日变化、季节变化和垂直分布及变化规律进行了分析。     

危险废物回转式流化冷渣多段焚烧系统焚烧特性研究

危险废物的处理和处置是摆在我国各级市政府面前的紧迫任务。然而我国已经运行的危险废物焚烧装置普遍存在回转窑挂壁结渣、热灼减率偏高和污染排放超标等问题,作者通过将回转窑和流化床特点相结合的方法提出了一种新型危险废物回转式流化冷渣多段焚烧处置装置。该装置采用回转窑(一燃室)、二燃室和流化床结合的热解-流化焚烧工艺,特别是采用控制窑头温度避免了回转窑挂壁结渣;采用流化冷渣装置延长未燃烬渣的焚烧时间,解决了热灼减率偏高问题;水冷式烟气急冷装置可以将烟气温度从1 100℃降到200℃,防止了二恶英的尾部低温再生成。该系统运行稳定可靠,可以处理医疗垃圾和大多数的固态和液态危险废物,实现了烟气污染物尤其是二恶英排放达到国家标准的目标。同时对该系统运行时窑头温度分布、二燃室炉膛出口氧量变化、回转窑和炉膛升温特性、燃烧室外壁温度分布等几方面运行数据都进行了详细的介绍,为危险废物焚烧炉的运行提供了宝贵的经验数据。