Electrochemical crystallization for recovery of phosphorus and potassium from urine as K-struvite with a sacrificial magnesium anode

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Declining earth resources, rising ore cost and increasing pollution are calling for recycling of wastewater in the context of the circular economy. In...     

Do DOM optical parameters improve the prediction of copper availability in vineyard soils?

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Accumulation of copper (Cu) in soils due to the application of fungicides may be toxic for organisms and hence affect winegrowing sustainability. Soil...     

Acute and chronic toxicities of prothioconazole and its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio in Daphnia magna

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Current research on prothioconazole (PTC), a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide, mainly focuses on its efficacy and residues; only a few studies have...     

The antiestrogen-like activity and reproductive toxicity of 2,6-DCBQ on female zebrafish upon sub-chronic exposure

2,6-Dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ), an emerging water disinfection by-product, is widely detected in water resources. However, its potential effects on the reproductive system are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the long-term effects of 2,6-DCBQ on gonadal development by exposing zebrafish from 15 to 180 days postfertilization (dpf). Following exposure to 2,6-DCBQ (20 and 100 µg/L), female-specific effects including delayed puberty onset, retarded ovarian growth and breakdown of the zona radiata were observed, resulting in subfertility in adult females. Adverse effects in folliculogenesis disappeared two months after cessation of 2,6-DCBQ administration. In contrast, no adverse impacts were noted in male testes. The effects on females were associated with significant reduction in 17β-estradiol (E2) level, suggesting a role for 2,6-DCBQ in anti-estrogenic activity. E2 level change in blood was further supported by dysregulated expression of genes (cyp19a1a, fshb, kiss3, esr2b, vtg1, and vtg3) related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad-liver (HPGL) axis. The present study demonstrates for the first time that 2,6-DCBQ induces reproductive impairments in female zebrafish through disrupting 17β-estradiol level.     

身管内膛镀铬性能检测研究

目的对内膛表面强化层性能进行定量评估,给后续镀铬层的优化及新型内膛表面强化层技术的优选提供试验方法。方法以成熟度最高、应用最广泛的内膛表面镀铬技术为依据,开展强化层检测研究,主要包括硬度、厚度及微观缺陷、结合性能、抗烧蚀性能、抗磨损性能等研究。量化镀铬层抗烧蚀、抗磨损性能,实现实验室对内膛镀铬层性能的综合评估。结果铬层硬度约为521.8HV,高于基体硬度。铬层裂纹初始宽度约为300 nm,多数裂纹未连接成“网状”。铬层与基体结合力约为67.2 N。相同条件下,相比基体,镀铬层的烧蚀量和磨损量始终较小。结论镀铬层综合性能优于基体材料。     

不同出口山脚约束的泥石流淤埋实验研究

汶川8.0级地震后,在灾后重建的过程中,很多位于泥石流沟口堆积区的居民建筑、交通干线、临时设施等都不可避免会遭受到泥石流的威胁.不同泥石流沟堆积区两侧山脚的夹角都有所不同,其对泥石流在堆积区的淤埋情况也会有所影响.针对此种情况,开展了18组室内实验,探讨出山口山脚约束对泥石流淤埋的影响.实验结果表明,随着约束程度的加大,泥石流扇状地的淤埋宽度随之减小,淤埋长度和厚度随之而增大,泥石流淤埋危险有向下游推进的趋势.     

地面火炬的安全应用

介绍了国内外地面火炬的设计特点及应用情况，对地面火炬的安全可靠性进行了分析。     

啤酒的生命周期评价

本文在啤酒酿造阶段基础上,将原料种植及麦芽制备引入研究范围,利用Gabi5.0软件对啤酒进行从摇篮到大门的生命周期评价.各阶段考虑温室效应、酸化、富营养化、非生物资源消耗、人体潜在毒性、光化学毒性6种环境影响类型.结果表明,温室效应是啤酒生产对环境影响的主要类型,占总环境影响潜值43.75%,环境影响由强至弱分别为温室效应、富营养化、酸化、人体潜在毒性、光化学毒性和非生物资源消耗.灌装阶段是造成环境影响的主要阶段,占总环境影响潜值39.77%,种植阶段次之.其中灌装阶段的温室效应、非生物资源消耗、人体潜在毒性和光化学毒性影响潜值为啤酒生产各阶段最高值,种植阶段的富营养化、酸化影响潜值在各阶段最高.对灌装阶段采用传输管道改进,空压机热能回收、蒸汽二次利用等清洁生产方案降低能源消耗和环境影响,方案实施后蒸气和电能消耗分别减少247.66 MJ和4.46 k Wh,温室效应影响潜值减少19.18%,具有一定的环境效益和经济效益.     

基于后悔值模型的化工园区应急避难场所选址分析

化工园区内危险源数量多,分布广,易发生火灾爆炸等突发性灾害事故,人员应急避难场所选址相对复杂。以后悔值理论为基础,结合效用函数,构建了后悔值模型对化工园区内避难场所选址问题进行研究。主要考虑了园区内各化工企业区域分布、事故影响范围、避难人数需求、事故发生概率等因素对避难所选址的影响,结合灾害时避难人数分布情况和从聚集点向避难所转移实际所需时间提出了等效时间的概念。最后将模型应用于小虎岛化工园区避难所的选址问题,并对模型中表征风险规避程度的参数θ和后悔遗憾程度的参数δ的敏感性进行了分析。