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541.
燕山石化地区NMHC的特征研究 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
本文采用气相色谱-质谱联用方法,对燕山石化地区不同生产区域的大气样品,定量地进行非甲烷碳氢化合物(NMHC)的分类测定。本方法可以鉴定C2-C11共六十多个色谱峰。实验表明,燕山石化地区烷烃、烯烃和芳香烃等各类碳氢化合物均具有较高浓度,是对NMHC有重要贡献的一个工业源。本文还参照各大气样品的不同来源,分析了NMHC的排放特征,从而确定了燕山石化区NMHC排放的典型物种。 相似文献
542.
研究了树脂吸附法处理氯霉素生产中产生的DL 1 对硝基苯基 2 氨基 1 ,3 丙二醇 (DL 氨基物 )碱解废水的工艺。结果表明 ,NG 1 0 0超高交联吸附树脂对废水中DL 氨基物具有较好的吸附性能。在试验条件下 ,废水CODCr为 72 0 0mg/L ,DL 氨基物含量为 2 86 5mg/L ,批处理 1 7BV时 ,平均出水CODCr降至 89 3mg/L ,CODCr去除率 >98% ;出水中DL 氨基物未检出 ,去除率近 1 0 0 %。树脂经稀酸脱附处理后 ,再生性能良好 ,高浓脱附液可直接回用于氯霉素生产酸性水解工艺中 ,使回收物得到有效利用 相似文献
543.
硅烷化改性沸石对重金属离子的吸附性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
制得一种用于重金属废水处理的新型硅烷化改性沸石吸附剂,成本低、效果显著且稳定。通过对改性沸石表征,分析了改性对沸石结构的影响。结果表明,改性一定程度降低了原沸石的晶体特征,但基本上保持了其结构组成;硅烷化改性成功地在沸石上接枝了氨基。对硅烷化沸石的特性研究,得出硅烷化沸石对Ni2+、Cu2+、Zn2+和Pb2+吸附最佳投加量为1、1、1.6和0.6 g/L,且此时对4种离子的去除率也较好;吸附动力学研究得出,其吸附过程可用二级动力学方程较好地拟合;吸附达到平衡时,4种金属离子的平衡吸附量分别为11.23、17.41、15.45和59.42 mg/g;硅烷化沸石对金属离子的吸附行为更符合Langmuir模型,为化学吸附;在酸性条件下(pH=2~6),硅烷化沸石仍保持一定的吸附能力,具有一定的耐酸性。 相似文献
544.
Zuo Tong How Ina Kristian Francesco Busetti Kathryn L. Linge Cynthia A. Joll 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(8):2-18
This paper is a critical review of current knowledge of organic chloramines in water systems,including their formation, stability, toxicity, analyticalmethods for detection, and their impact
on drinking water treatment and quality. The term organic chloramines may refer to any
halogenated organic compounds measured as part of combined chlorine (the difference
between themeasured free and total chlorine concentrations), andmay include N-chloramines,
N-chloramino acids, N-chloraldimines and N-chloramides. Organic chloramines can form
when dissolved organic nitrogen or dissolved organic carbon react with either free chlorine
or inorganic chloramines. They are potentially harmful to humans and may exist as an
intermediate for other disinfection by-products. However, little information is available on the
formation or occurrence of organic chloramines in water due to a number of challenges. One of
the biggest challenges for the identification and quantification of organic chloramines in water
systems is the lack of appropriate analytical methods. In addition, many of the organic
chloramines that formduring disinfection are unstable,which results in difficulties in sampling
and detection. To date research has focussed on the study of organic monochloramines.
However, given that breakpoint chlorination is commonly undertaken in water treatment
systems, the formation of organic dichloramines should also be considered. Organic
chloramines can be formed frommany different precursors and pathways. Therefore, studying
the occurrence of their precursors in water systems would enable better prediction and
management of their formation. 相似文献
545.
Effects of residual organics in municipal wastewater on hydrogenotrophic denitrifying microbial communities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wei Xing Jinlong Li Peng Li Chong Wang Yanan Cao Desheng Li Yunfeng Yang Jizhong Zhou Jiane Zuo 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(3):262-270
Hydrogenotrophic denitrification is promising for tertiary nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater. To reveal the influence of residual organics in municipal wastewater on hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers, we adopted high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine microbial communities in hydrogenotrophic denitrification enrichments. Using effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant as water source, COD, nitrate and pH were controlled the same except for a gradient of biodegradable carbon (i.e., primary effluent (PE), secondary effluent (SE), or combined primary and secondary effluent (CE)). Inorganic synthetic water (IW) was used as a control. Hydrogenophaga, a major facultative autotroph, accounted for 17.1%, 5.3%, 32.7% and 12.9% of the sequences in PE, CE, SE and IW, respectively, implicating that Hydrogenophaga grew well with or without organics. Thauera, which contains likely obligate autotrophic denitrifiers, appeared to be the most dominant genera (23.6%) in IW and accounted for 2.5%, 4.6% and 8.9% in PE, CE and SE, respectively. Thermomonas, which is related to heterotrophic denitrification, accounted for 4.2% and 7.9% in PE and CE fed with a higher content of labile organics, respectively. In contrast, Thermomonas was not detected in IW and accounted for only 0.6% in SE. Our results suggest that Thermomonas are more competitive than Thauera in hydrogenotrophic denitrification with biodegradable organics. Moreover, facultative autotrophic denitrifiers, Hydrogenophaga, are accommodating to residual organic in effluent wastewater, thus we propose that hydrogenotrophic denitrification is amenable for tertiary nitrogen removal. 相似文献
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550.
浅谈大气污染物对人体健康的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
论述了几种主要大气污染物的性质、来源及其作用机理,并探讨了大气污染物对人体健康的影响及危害。 相似文献