Study on the water quality of the Taihu Lake using genotoxicological methods

ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅｗａｔｅｒｑｕａｌｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅＴａｉｈｕＬａｋｅｕｓｉｎｇｇｅｎｏｔｏｘｉｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｍｅｔｈｏｄｓＷｕＱｉｎｇｌｏｎｇ，ＣｈｅｎＫａｉｎｉｎｇＮａｎｊｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｙａｎｄＬｉｍｎｏｌ...     

Separating method and dynamic processes of Nano-Al13

In order to investigate the characteristics of pure Nano-Al₁₃, Nano-Al₁₃ was separated and purified from a series of poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) solutions which had the same Al₁₃ percentage but different total Al concentrations, by using column chromatography, ethanol-acetone resolving and SO²⁻ ₄/Ba²⁺ displacement. The Al₁₃ species yield was characterized by Al-ferron timed complexation spectrophotometry and ²⁷Al-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The coagulation efficiency of Nano-Al₁₃, PAC and AlCl₃ in synthetic water was also investigated by Jar tests. The dynamic process and aggregation state of kaolin suspensions coagulating with Nano-Al₁₃, PAC and AlCl₃ were similarly investigated using a photometric dispersion analyzer 2000 (PDA2000). The experimental results indicated that the ethanol-acetone resolving method was simple and could separate the PAC solution at different concentrations, while column chromatography could separate PAC solutions at low concentrations. The SO₄ ²⁻/Ba²⁺ displacement method could separate PAC solutions at high concentrations. However, extra inorganic cation and anion could be added in the solution during separation. The coagulation efficiency and dynamic experimental results showed that Nano-Al₁₃ with high positive-charged species was effective in removing turbidity and color. The dynamic process results showed that Nano-Al₁₃ also had the best recovery capability after shearing compared with PAC and AlCl₃ because the Nano-Al₁₃ conformation is more effective in charge neutralization. Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(6): 767–772 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

自来水厂排泥水处理(Ⅲ)——脱水机械设备的选择

应用造粒脱水机、带式压滤机、离心脱水机,进行脱水试验,比较其性能、效果及投资运行费用;据此,选择合适的水厂排泥水的脱水机械设备。     

水厂常规净化工艺生物处理化可行性的探讨

水厂常规净化处理工艺,存在不能有效地去除有机污染物,以及易生成致突变物的严重缺陷。因此,一般要增加臭氧一生物活性炭设施以处理被污染的原水。本文在分析试验数据的基础上,提出原水经生物塔滤预处理后,再经生物处理设施改造过的常规处理设备处理,最后通过生物活性炭滤池过滤并加氯消毒。即可实现水厂常规净水工艺的生物处理化,将是一种合理而可行的处理系统。     

Deformity frequencies of benthic marine diatoms associated with contaminated sediments in Hong Kong

ＤｅｆｏｒｍｉｔｙｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｉｅｓｏｆｂｅｎｔｈｉｃｍａｒｉｎｅｄｉａｔｏｍｓａｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｅｄｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｓｉｎＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇＭｉｃｋＤｉｃｋｍａｎＥｃｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄＢｉｏｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙＤｅｐａｒｔ...     

镍、锌、铝对羊角月芽藻(Selenastrum capricornutum)生长及酶活性影响研究

研究了不同浓度镍、锌、铝对常见绿藻羊角月芽藻（Ｓ．ｃａｐｒｉｃｏｒｎｕｔｕｍ）生长速度、蛋白质含量、ＡＴＰ水平、葡萄糖－６－磷酸脱氢酶（Ｇ６ＰＤＨ）、酸性磷酸酶及硝酸还原酶活性的影响．结果表明３种金属离子在所试浓度范围内对羊角月芽藻的生长速度均有抑制作用，但单位藻培养物中蛋白质含量却随着金属离子浓度的增加而增加；高浓度金属离子对酶活性有明显抑制作用；藻细胞中ＡＴＰ水平随着金属离子浓度的增加而下降．提出金属离子对藻类生物产生影响的机理可能是：高浓度金属离子的存在，打破了生物最佳的各种营养元素生物可利用性的平衡．并讨论了藻类生长及生化活性对金属离子反应的相关性．     

宝山高速公路路域草本植物选择

以宝山高速公路路域为实验点，从草本植物的生物习性和公路路域的特点出发筛选适于该地区及周边地区公路路域的草本植物，方法包括野生植物的调查筛选，外来物种的引进和筛选，经过2年的实施，筛选出若干适于宝山公路及华大部分地区公路路域的草本植物。     

气候变化对秦皇岛地区降水量影响分析

以秦皇岛市为例,研究了气候变暖对地表降水量的影响.通过对51年来秦皇岛市气候、降水材料的分析得出结论:秦皇岛市近年来明显变暖,年平均气温上升约2℃,同时气候变干,降水量减少18.3%;气候变化会引起水循环的变化及水资源在时空上的重新分布以及水资源总量的改变,对流域内的水资源量影响十分显著.     

物理化学法处理高炉煤气洗涤污水的应用

物理化学法处理炼铁高炉煤气洗涤污水，选用聚丙烯酰胺和聚铁作絮凝剂，两者适当的配比和投加量确保ＳＳ的去除率，采用ＮＸ－１０８复合阻垢剂使煤气洗涤污水经处理后能实现全密闭循环复用。     

南沙群岛海域沉积物环境与间隙水中的铁锰

研究了南沙群岛海域泻湖及礁外沉积物间隙水中的Ｆｅ＾２＋、Ｍｎ＾２＋、浓度及其比值、沉积物－海水界面扩散通量、沉积物类型及其氧化还原环境。结果表明，间隙水中的Ｆｅ＾２＋、Ｍｎ＾２＋浓度泻湖高于礁外，Ｆｅ＾２＋（礁）／Ｆｅ＾２＋（泻）浓度比为０．２８，Ｍｎ＾２＋（礁）／Ｍｎ＾２＋（泻）浓度比为０．６６，Ｍｎ＾２＋／Ｆｅ＾２＋比值泻湖内为１．４７，礁外为３．５２，Ｆｅ＾２＋、Ｍｎ＾２＋均是从沉积物向上覆