Economic Analysis of CO2 Emission Trends in China

Climate change is one of hot spots all around the world. China, the second biggest CO₂ emitter, is facing increasingly severe pressure to reduce CO₂ emission. The article first describes Kaya Identity and its policy implications. Second, it uses the modified Kaya Identity and makes decomposition without residues on CO₂ emission during the period 1971-2005. Taking into account the changes of macroeconomic background, it conducts a detailed analysis in terms of CO₂ emission trend from 4^th Five Year Plan through 10^th Five Year Plan. The decomposition results indicate that economic development and increase in population are major driving forces, and that improvement in energy efficiency contributes to the reduction of CO₂ emission, and that decarbonization in primary energy structure is also an important strategic choice. Finally, the article stresses that in CO₂ order to realize the binding target of 20% reduction in GDP energy intensity during the 11^th Five Year Plan, China should speed up the readjustment of the industrial structure and energetically develop the energy-efficient technologies and clean fuel technology, which will effectively promote the country to reduce CO₂ emission and contribute to the mitigation of climate change.     

Synthesis of mesoporous magnesium oxide: Its application to CO2 chemisorption

Mesoporous magnesium oxide (MgO) was synthesized using mesoporous carbon CMK-3 obtained from mesoporous SBA-15 as exotemplate. P123 was used as the structure-directing template and rice husk ash (RHA) as the silica source for the synthesis of SBA-15, which was subsequently treated with sucrose and sulphuric acid to obtain mesoporous carbon (CMK-3). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) results and the type-IV adsorption isotherm with H1 hysteresis obtained by N₂ adsorption/desorption study for SBA-15, CMK-3 and mesoporous MgO suggests its resemblance with materials synthesized using conventional silica sources. Mesoporous MgO was subjected for CO₂ adsorption study in TGA; adsorption was 8 and 10 wt% at 25 and 100 °C, respectively. Finally, mesoporous MgO is selective to CO₂ gas, thermally stable and regenerable. Thus, this study contributes a better route to enhance CO₂ gas adsorption and use ecological waste rice husk for the synthesis of such efficient mesoporous materials.     

从醇后气中回收淡甲醇

在甲醇分离器后设置淡甲醇回收装置回收醇后收醇后的中甲醇，其回收率达到８７．５％，同时大大降低了排放地沟的稀氨水中的甲醇含量，减轻了稀氨水对环境的污染，有较好的经济效益和环境效益。     

温室效应对中国岩溶发育的影响

全球温室效应正在缓慢地进行。本文首次探讨气候变暖对岩溶发育环境的影响，并预测了大气ＣＯ２浓度加倍时中国南北方碳酸盐岩化学溶蚀速率。     

硫化氢的危害与防治

对硫化氢在油气田中的存在状况和危害性的研究结果表明,其主要危害是引起人员中毒以及氢脆作用造成的油田设备腐蚀。详细介绍了防治硫化氢的方法和措施,包括沉淀法、物理吸收法、钾碱法和氨水法、氧化法、金属氧化物吸收法、高压静电法等。对各种方法的防治机理及其应用状况进行了论述。     

间歇曝气系统中硝酸盐氮负荷对脱氮效率的影响

本试验主要考察间歇反应器缺氧阶段硝酸盐氮负荷ＮＮＯ－ｘ－Ｎ（ＫｇＮＯ－ｘ－Ｎ／ＫｇＭＬＳＳｄ）对脱氮效率的影响。试验结果表明：在一定水温和ＢＯＤ５／ＮＯｘ－Ｎ下,ＮＮＯｘ－Ｎ负荷对脱氮效率有显著影响。在反应器中采用高浓度污泥是降低ＮＮＯｘ－Ｎ的有效途径,有利于反应器脱氮速率ＶＤＮ（ｍｇ／ｌ·ｍｉｎ）的提高。此外,通过正交试验得出了在ＢＯＤ５／ＮＯ－ｘ一定时,ＮＮＯ－ｘ－Ｎ、Ｔ℃与脱氮效率ηＮＯ－ｘ－Ｎ之间的数量关系式     

江苏省地裂缝的分布特征、成因类型及防治对策研究

研究了近三十年来发生于江苏省的５次较大的地裂缝事件，分析了地裂缝在江苏省内的时空分布特征及各次地裂缝事件的主要形成原因，提出了构造地裂缝与非构造地裂缝的判别准则，最后探讨了地裂缝灾害的防治对策。     

四川省环境中的汞

本文较系统地报道了四川省地面水环境（河，湖原水，过滤水，沉积物），土壤，大气降水及生物－鱼体中的含量及分布特点，得出四川省环境中的汞与国内外相比属于罗低水平，地面水环境中汞的含量及溶解态汞由川东南向川西北递减，土壤中汞的含量与土壤类型，成土母质，降水条件等相关，鱼类对河水中汞有较强的富集能力，大气降水是四川省环境中汞的来源之一。文章还研究了汞的水环境容量，指出汞是四川省水环境较为脆弱的重要因素之一