厌氧—好氧序列间歇式反应器处理造纸中段废水的研究

采用厌氧－好氧序列间歇反应器－混凝沉淀组合工艺，处理碱法草浆造纸中段废水。结果表明，经8.0h厌氧搅拌处理和5.0h好氧曝气处理，进水CODcr为729.1-2239mg/L，出水CODCr小于550mg/L，CODCr去除率在66.2%-76.3%之间，再经混凝沉淀处理，出水CODCr小于200mg/L，色度小于50倍，满足国家造纸工业水污染物排放标准中的二级标准。     

葡萄灰孢霉代谢产物的分离及生物活性

用大孔离子交换树脂吸附和溶剂萃取的方法，分离测定了葡萄灰孢霉TB－3－H8发酵液中的一些主要成分，发酵液中除了主要含有脱落酸外，还含有一些与脱落酸合成有相同前体的甾体化合物，以及脱落酸合成过程中后几步发生的分支（2E，4E)-1'-脱氧－ABA，并比较了脱落酸与（2E，4E）－1'－脱氧－ABA的生物活性。图2表2参12     

PBDEs in the San Francisco Bay Area: measurements in harbor seal blubber and human breast adipose tissue

To explore the levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in California, samples from 11 archived harbor seals (Phoca vitulina Richardsi) from the San Francisco Bay and breast adipose tissue samples from 23 women were analyzed. The levels of PBDEs in human tissue samples were in the low ng/g fat range, with PBDEs 47, 153, 154, 99, and 100 as the major congeners. Average sigma PBDEs (86 ng/g fat) in these California women are the highest human levels reported to date. An inverse relationship between concentration of PBDEs and age of these women was apparent. The levels of PBDEs measured in harbor seal blubber were in the low ng/g to low microg/g fat range, with the same major congeners as those measured in the human tissues. PBDE 47 was the highest among all congeners measured in both human tissue and seal blubber samples. The concentrations of PBDEs in harbor seals in the San Francisco Bay have increased dramatically over the past decade, with current levels among the highest reported for this species.     

我国臭氧短期暴露与人群死亡风险的Meta分析

为评价中国臭氧短期暴露对人群死亡率的影响,获取臭氧污染与人群死亡的暴露-反应关系.检索了Pub Med、SCI(Science Ciation Index)、Ebsco、Ovid、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库、万方数据库和中国知网等,检索时间均为1990年1月1日至2014年12月31日,以"O3or ozone"、"mortality"、"China"、"臭氧"及"死亡"为关键词查找关于臭氧短期暴露对人群死亡率影响的文献.依据文献纳入和排除标准,进行文献筛选和质量评价.纳入文献后分别提取臭氧的暴露反应关系,采用Stata12.0软件进行Meta分析,根据异质性结果选择相应的效应模型合并效应值,并对结果进行敏感性分析、发表偏倚检验与校正.结果显示,大气中臭氧浓度每增加10μg·m-3,人群非意外总死亡率、心血管系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病死亡率分别增加0.40%(95%可信限(CI):0.303%~0.498%)、0.448%(95%CI:0.171%~0.724%)和0.461%(95%CI:0.225%~0.697%).与国外其它未纳入中国研究文献的Meta分析结果进行比较发现,中国的臭氧短期暴露对死亡风险影响的暴露-反应关系系数较高.大气中臭氧浓度的上升会导致我国人群非意外总死亡率、心血管系统疾病死亡率和呼吸系统疾病死亡率的增加.     

Study on the dissipation pattern and risk assessment of metalaxyl-M in rice grains and paddy soil and water by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Herein, field experiment trials were conducted at two different sites (Heilongjiang and Hubei Province) in China to determine the residual levels and...     

上流式厌氧污泥床反应器处理3-硝基酚废水研究

利用实验室规模的UASB反应器,研究了颗粒污泥驯化前后的特性,3-硝基酚(3-NP)的降解效果和UASB处理3-NP废水的工艺参数.结果表明,驯化过程中颗粒污泥很快适应3-NP废水;扫描电镜观察显示,颗粒污泥表面丝状菌占优势.在3-NP废水厌氧降解性实验中,保持HRT和进水COD浓度不变,分别为26 h和2 500 mg/L左右,当3-NP浓度由20 mg/L逐渐提高到250 mg/L时,COD去除率由95.2%下降到85.1%;3-NP的去除率保持在99%以上;3-AP是3-NP降解过程中的主要中间产物,3-NP转化为3-AP的转化率由58.7%上升到111.9%;产气量变化较小,甲烷占总产气量百分数最小为65%,最大为74%.     

A Methodology Framework for Regional Land-use Change Studies based on Landsat TM images: A Case Study in Northeast China

Land-use change is an important aspect of global environment change. It is, in a sense, the direct result of human activities influencing our physical environment. This paper analyzed the land-use change in Northeast China during 1985-2000 based on Landsat TM images. It divides Northeast China into five land-use zones based on the dynamic degree model of land-use: woodland/grassland-arable land conversion zone, dry land-paddy field conversion zone; urban expansion zone, interlocked zone of farming and pasturing and reclamation and abandon zone. The findings include the obvious increase of cropland area, paddy field and dry land increased by 75 and 276 thousand hm2 respectively; urban areas expanded rapidly, areas of town and rural residence increased by 76.8 thousand hm2; areas of forests and grassland decreased sharply with the amounts of 1399 and 1521 thousand hm2 respectively; areas of water body and unused land increased by 148 and 514 thousand hm2 respectively. This paper also discusses the driving     

净化铅烟用新型SV式洗涤器

ＳＶ型洗涤器净化铅烟微细颗粒，采用双级溅锥喷嘴喷雾，并通过低阻力文氏管使水滴进一步雾化，使粉尘与水滴充分接触碰撞而产生凝并，从而捕集润湿凝聚的大颗粒粉尘。再采用特殊的波纹脱水器捕集带尘水滴，使烟气脱水。同时通过水中的碱〔ＮａＯＨ〕与铅粒的化学反应，增强净化效果。     

Pre‐training perceived social self‐efficacy accentuates the effects of a cross‐cultural coping orientation program: Evidence from a longitudinal field experiment

Analyzing additional data from a longitudinal field experiment, the present research investigate whether pre‐training perceived social self‐efficacy (PSSE) may moderate cross‐cultural training effectiveness. On the basis of the interactionist perspective, we hypothesized that sojourners with high pre‐training PSSE would benefit more from a cross‐cultural coping orientation program, called “Realistic Orientation Program for Entry Stress” (ROPES), than sojourners with low pre‐training PSSE. As a result, the treatment effects (the ROPES program over the control program—a traditional cross‐cultural orientation program) would be more positive for high‐PSSE sojourners than for low‐PSSE sojourners. Seventy‐two incoming graduate students from East Asia entering a large US public university were randomly assigned to either a ROPES program or a control program, and were assessed pre‐entry and multiple times post‐entry. The results strongly supported our predictions, as the hypothesized PSSE × Treatment interactions were observed on a comprehensive set of training outcomes based on multisource data. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.