Recent advances in the breakdown of microplastics: strategies and future prospectives

Microplastics pollution is becoming a major environmental issue, and exposure to microplastics has been associated with numerous adverse results to both the ecological system and humans. This work summarized the state-of-the-art developments in the breakdown of microplastics, including natural weathering, catalysts-assisted breakdown and biodegradation. Characterization techniques for microplastic breakdown involve scanning electron microscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, etc. Bioavailability and adsorption capacity of microplastics may change after they are broken down, therefore leading to variety in microplastics toxicity. Further prospectives for should be focused on the determination and toxicity evaluation of microplastics breakdown products, as well as unraveling uncultivable microplastics degraders via cultivation-independent approaches. This work benefits researchers interested in environmental studies, particularly the removal of microplastics from environmental matrix.

     

Visualization and analysis of mapping knowledge domain of oxidation studies of sulfide ores

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The oxidation of sulfide ores is a common phenomenon. To better understand the current development and status of oxidation studies of sulfide ores...     

秦皇岛探测环境变化对气象要素的影响

为分析秦皇岛地面气象探测环境变化对气象要素的影响,采用距平百分率和线性倾向估计及趋势系数等方法,对秦皇岛气象站（54449）新、旧站址搬迁前后1989—1998、1999—2008年各10年,与没有迁站的昌黎站做同期资料比较,结果表明：秦皇岛探测环境变化对气象要素有显著影响：年平均气温、年极端气温较迁站前显著下降,相对湿度增大,日照时数明显减少,雾日增多。指出气象要素变化除具有随时间变化的共同差异外,主要受探测环境变化的影响。     

微塑料在土壤-地下水中的环境行为及其生态毒性研究进展

微塑料已成为一类新型污染物遍布全球各个角落,由此产生的环境问题日趋严峻。第二届联合国环境大会上将微塑料污染列为环境与生态科学研究领域的第二大科学问题。目前大多数研究集中在海洋环境方面,有关土壤-地下水系统中微塑料的环境行为及生态毒性相关研究还较为薄弱。本文基于大量文献调研,较系统地回顾梳理了有关土壤-地下水中微塑料的来源、迁移归趋及其生态毒理效应的研究成果,并对未来研究做出评述和展望,旨在促进土壤-地下水系统中微塑料污染的相关研究。     

The effects of low-dose biochar amendments on arsenic accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The accumulation of arsenic (As) in rice is one of the food security-related concerns in As-contaminated areas all over the world. Biochar, a...     

Industrial eco-efficiency and its spatial-temporal differentiation in China

The aim of this paper is to study the spatialtemporal differentiation of industrial eco-efficiency in China. Using methods based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and data from 1985, 1995, 2005, and 2008 of 30 provinces in China, the spatial-temporal pattern changes in industrial eco-efficiency are discussed. The results show that: first, the patterns of industrial eco-efficiency are dominated by clustering of relatively low efficiency provinces; second, spatial relationships between the industrial eco-efficiencies of different provinces changed slightly throughout the period and the provinces persistently exhibit spatial concentration of relatively low industrial eco-efficiency; finally, there is an obvious trend in the polarization of industrial eco-efficiency, i.e., the higher level spatial units are concentrated in eastern China, and the lower level spatial units are mainly in western and central China.     

生物技术在挥发性有机化合物处理中的应用研究

介绍了生物技术在挥发性有机化合物处理方面的研究现状和进展,对生物技术的优缺点、分类、影响因素、动力学模型做了详细的说明,并结合近年来的研究状况和存在的问题做出展望。     

五箱一体化脱氮除磷工艺在示范工程中的应用

五箱一体化工艺是东南大学开发的新型脱氮除磷工艺.示范工程运行表明,该工艺具有自动化程度高、投资少、占地小和运行费用低等优点,并具有良好的脱氮除磷效果.出水水质满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)的一级A标准,氮、磷的去除率分别可达70%和90%左右.示范工程的成功运行为该工艺的推广应用奠定了基础.     

污水灌溉的研究进展

科学合理地利用污水灌溉,可以缓解日益紧张的水资源供需矛盾,充分利用污水的水肥资源,提高经济效益,保护生态环境.总结了国内外污水灌溉的发展概况和研究进展,包括污水灌溉对土壤理化特性的影响、对植物生长的影响以及对地下水的影响,并针对中国污水灌溉存在的问题,探讨了污水灌溉技术的发展方向.     

酸性甲醛改性对花生壳吸附重金属离子的影响

花生壳的酸性甲醛改性对重金属离子的吸附有较大影响.改性过程使花生壳中一些含有羟基、羧基、芳香环、C-O和C-O-C键的混合物被脱除.改性后花生壳的等电点略有升高,而和羧基有关的表面负电荷量则明显降低.混合物的脱除使Pb2 的吸附量明显降低,Cr3 、Cu2 的吸附量改变不大.改性使羧基减少的同时也暴露了新的Cr3 、Cu2 的吸附位点.改性还有利于增加重金属离子在花生壳内孔中的传质速率,从而使吸附达到平衡的时间略有减少.