介孔碳吸附再生组合工艺处理难降解有机磷废水

以自制介孔碳（MC）为吸附剂,采用吸附—电-臭氧-UV再生组合工艺将难降解有机磷三（2-羧乙基）膦（TCEP）富集后转化为磷酸盐释放,为后续磷回收提供基础。运用TEM,SEM,XRD等技术对MC进行了表征。表征结果显示,MC为碳纳米线堆积有序介孔结构,比表面积为699.76 m²/g,可为有机磷提供吸附位点。在吸附温度为298 K、TCEP初始质量浓度为100 mg/L、吸附剂投加量为1 g/L的条件下,MC对TCEP的平衡吸附量为33.72 mg/g。利用电-臭氧-UV对MC进行再生,总磷释放率可达100%,并基本矿化为磷酸盐,再生效率显著高于臭氧、臭氧-H₂O₂、臭氧-UV等方法。     

Dietary exposure estimates of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, counties in a high lung cancer incidence area in China

Xuanwei and Fuyuan are located in the southwest of China and have the highest lung cancer incidence in China, possibly even highest in the world. Dietary samples were collected from these two counties and the contamination status of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined. PAH components, food constituents, dietary exposure level, as well as spatial difference, were studied in the different groups. The percentage of dietary intake to total intake of PAHs was calculated and the relationship between the dietary intake of PAHs and the abnormal lung cancer incidence was primarily discussed. The results showed that rice and potatoes were the main foods of the local residents in Xuanwei and Fuyuan. The daily exposure doses of Bap (benzo[a]pyrene), total PAHs, and TEQs (toxic equivalents) based on Bap toxicity in two counties were estimated to be 458 ng d(-1), 14,532 ng d(-1), and 896 ng d(-1), respectively, which were much less than those in other cities reported previously. The lower ingestion amount of food with a relatively higher content of PAHs, such as meat and fish, could account for the lower exposure doses. PAHs with less than 4 rings occupied a high percentage of the total PAHs in food samples. The exposure doses varied significantly among different sites and even different families at the same site. Dietary exposure was not the main exposure route of PAHs at most sites. It appears that there was not a direct relationship between dietary exposure and the lung cancer incidence. However, high ratios of dietary intake to total PAHs intake (1.33%-70.61%) were found in several areas and rational diet suggestions should be given in these areas in the future.     

An observational study of the carrying capacity of suspended sediment during a storm event

We measured the in situ suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and hydrodynamics (waves, currents, and sea level) concurrently during a storm event using self-recording instruments at offshore of the Shandong Peninsula in the Yellow Sea. We analyzed the temporal variation in suspended sediment carrying capacity and its correlation with wave, current, and water-level conditions. There was about 40% increase in SSC during the storm event. A 3-4-h lag was observed between the peak of wave height and SSC. The SSC increased in a fluctuating pattern up to the peak then decreased rapidly. This process was positively correlated with wave height and duration. The maximum SSC was 524.3 mg/l, which is about 10 times of that under normal weather conditions. This peak was observed after of a series of 1.8 m waves. The increased suspended sediments were the fine particles resuspended by the storm waves from seabed near the observation spot and transported by northward ebb currents from Shidao Bay.     

秦皇岛市泥石流发育特征及防治措施

近年来,随着社会经济的发展,人类工程活动频繁,泥石流地质灾害在我市每年新增灾害中占有相当大的比重,严重威胁着人民的生命财产安全。秦皇岛市泥石流主要发育在北部低山丘陵区,规模小,危害大。通过对泥石流发育特征的研究,阐明其形成条件与地形、地质环境、植被和降雨等因素的关系,并据此提出了群测群防,加强采矿活动正确管理、工程治理等防治措施。     

优化污水厂工艺参数强化处理阿特拉津的研究

研究了低浓度阿特拉津冲击对A/O工艺运行稳定性的影响,并探索了通过优化工艺参数强化处理低浓度阿特拉津的可行性。结果表明,和碳氧化活性相比,阿特拉津对活性污泥系统硝化活性的抑制作用更强,同时其代谢产生的氨氮又增加了系统负荷,最终导致氨氮去除率维持在较低水平上。采用调整A/O工艺参数的方式,可实现低浓度阿拉特津的强化处理,最优运行参数为硝化液回流比=200%,缺氧区/好氧区停留时间比=1∶3。在该运行工况下,目标污染物被高效去除,系统运行稳定。     

改进A2/O法处理生活污水在景观回用中的实验研究

对传统的A2/O工艺进行了改进,并将改进后的A2/O工艺用于小区生活污水的处理。实验结果证明出水经混凝沉淀后回用景观可行。     

Experiment and calculation of deposition velocity of suspended particles in storm drainage

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Deposition particles can lead to blockage, odor, and corrosion of pipes, and the deposition process of suspended particles is particularly...     

正确佩戴和使用正压氧气呼吸器是开展煤矿事故应急救援的保障

<正>压氧气呼吸器是1997年以来在煤矿事故应急救援工作推广使用的一种个体防护装备,其性能明显好于负压氧气呼吸器,成为目前矿山救护队广泛推广使用的一种个体防护装备。本文从佩戴氧气呼吸器应遵循的要求和氧气呼吸器防护面罩的正确使用,讲述了正压氧气呼吸器在佩戴和使用中应注意的问题,旨在更好地发挥正压氧气呼吸器的功能,有效保护救援人员的安全。     

掺入CO催化活化CO2加氢合成甲醇的研究

用ＴＰＤ,ＴＰＳＲ－ＭＳ活性评价等方法,用Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ催化剂,对ＣＯ２加氢合成甲醇的原料气掺入适量ＣＯ２进行了研究。结果表明ＣＯ２能占据催化剂表面部分ＣＯ２的吸附位,能抑制ＣＯ２加氢的逆水汽变换反应和促进甲醇合成,从而大大提高了ＣＯ２加事成甲醇的选择性和收率。