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排序方式: 共有159条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
John Glasson Riki Therivel Joe Weston Elizabeth Wilson Richard Frost 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1997,40(4):451-464
This paper draws on a research report recently produced (1996) by the authors for the UK Department of the Environment. The principal aim of the research was to establish clearly what changes, if any, there have been in the quality of Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) since the inception of mandatory EIA in 1988, and to explain reasons for the changes. The paper provides a critique of the meaning of 'quality' in an area such as this. Quality relates both to the EIS and to the EIA process. EIS quality can be assessed against various review frameworks in a structured and systematic way; quality can also be assessed according to the perspective of the individual participant in the EIA process. The findings of both macro and micro studies of quality are discussed. The macro study uses a range of review frameworks (minimum regulatory requirements, an EU framework, and comprehensive frameworks developed by EIA academics at UK universities, including Oxford Brookes University) for a large sample of EISs. The micro study uses a structured questionnaire of the participants (local planning officers, developers, consultants and others) involved in a smaller set of detailed case studies. The findings reveal that there has been a learning from experience and an improvementin quality, but they also highlight a number of problems in the EIA process. The paper outlines some of the determinants of the changes in quality, and concludes with recommendations for developments in EIA in response to particular issues raised. These recommendations are set in the context of European Commission amendments to the EC EIA Directive. 相似文献
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65.
Simon McCarthy Sylvia Tunstall Dennis Parker Hazel Faulkner Joe Howe 《Environmental Hazards》2013,12(3):179-192
Risk communication in flood incident management can be improved through developing hydrometeorological and engineering models used as tools for communicating risk between scientists and emergency management professionals. A range of such models and tools was evaluated by participating flood emergency managers during a 4-day, real-time simulation of an extreme event in the Thamesmead area in the Thames estuary close to London, England. Emergency managers have different communication needs and value new tools differently, but the indications are that a range of new tools could be beneficial in flood incident management. Provided they are communicated large model uncertainties are not necessarily unwelcome among flood emergency managers. Even so they are cautious about sharing the ownership of weather and flood modelling uncertainties. 相似文献
66.
Multi-Destination and Multi-Purpose Trip Effects in the Analysis of the Demand for Trips to a Remote Recreational Site 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
One of the basic assumptions of the travel cost method for recreational demand analysis is that the travel cost is always
incurred for a single purpose recreational trip. Several studies have skirted around the issue with simplifying assumptions
and dropping observations considered as nonconventional holiday-makers or as nontraditional visitors from the sample. The
effect of such simplifications on the benefit estimates remains conjectural. Given the remoteness of notable recreational
parks, multi-destination or multi-purpose trips are not uncommon. This article examines the consequences of allocating travel
costs to a recreational site when some trips were taken for purposes other than recreation and/or included visits to other
recreational sites. Using a multi-purpose weighting approach on data from Gros Morne National Park, Canada, we conclude that
a proper correction for multi-destination or multi-purpose trip is more of what is needed to avoid potential biases in the
estimated effects of the price (travel-cost) variable and of the income variable in the trip generation equation. 相似文献
67.
Dr Hae K. Park Helen H. Kay Allyn McConkie-Rosell Joe Lanman Yuan-Tsong Chen 《黑龙江环境通报》1992,12(3):169-173
Uncultured trophoblasts obtained from chorionic villus biopsy during the gestation period of 8–12 weeks were assayed for alpha-glucosidase activity using maltose as the substrate. Only one major form of maltase activity with a pH optimum at 4.0 was demonstrated. Using this method, we performed prenatal diagnosis on three pregnancies at risk for the infantile form of type II glycogen storage disease. Two affected fetuses and one unaffected fetus were predicted and the diagnosis was subsequently confirmed. The maltose assay offered a direct, simple, and sensitive method for prenatal diagnosis of Pompe's disease in the first trimester. 相似文献
68.
Jack Mattice Myra Fraser Stephen Ragone David Daugherty Joe Wisniewski 《Environmental management》1996,20(6):781-788
The conference entitled Managing for Biodiversity: Emerging Ideas for the Electric Utility Industry was held in Williamsburg, Virginia, USA, during 19–20 March 1996. This paper provides an overview of the key points, conclusions, and recommendations from both the presentations/papers and the discussions throughout the conference. 相似文献
69.
Dr Mitchell S. Golbus Joe Leigh Simpson Sarah E. Fowler Felix de la Cruz Robert J. Desnick Ronald Wapner David H. Ledbetter Herbert Lubs Maurice J. Mahoney Eugene Pergament George G. Rhoads Joseph D. Schulman Julia Zachary 《黑龙江环境通报》1992,12(5):373-376
Factors found to be associated with pregnancy loss after transcervical CVS were race (higher for non-white), history of spontaneous abortion, unplanned pregnancy, history of spotting or bleeding during the pregnancy prior to CVS, and placental position (higher for fundal or lateral locations). Whether the increase in loss risk is due to the factor, per se, or the factor plus the CVS cannot be determined due to the lack of appropriate control data. 相似文献
70.
Susan J. Gross MD Owen P. Phillips Lee P. Shulman N. Lawrette Bright Jeffrey S. Dungan Joe Leigh Simpson Sherman Elias 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(7):609-613
An association between various abnormal mid-trimester maternal serum analyte values and adverse perinatal outcome has been reported. From an original sample of 14 857 women, we observed five women who were ‘screen-positive’ for both neural tube defects [maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) ≥2·5 multiples of the median] and Down syndrome [risk ≥1/274 using MSAFP, maternal serum unconjugated oestriol (MSuE3), maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin (MShCG), and maternal age]. The four patients who elected to undergo amniocentesis all demonstrated both normal karyotype and normal amniotic fluid AFP levels. All five cases were associated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and abnormal pregnancy outcomes. Two cases exhibiting severe IUGR on ultrasound examination were terminated at 19·1 and 21·2 weeks, respectively; the former also exhibited fetal calcifications and positive maternal serology for toxoplasmosis. In another case, fetal demise occurred at 36 weeks' gestation in a patient who had been treated for syphilis in the second trimester. Neither infection was confirmed in fetal tissue studies. Though resulting in live births, the remaining two cases required operative deliveries; emergency Caesarean sections for fetal distress were performed at 38 and 32 weeks, respectively, the latter case being associated with severe pre-eclampsia. We conclude that elevated mid-trimester MSAFP levels concurrent with maternal serum analyte values associated with increased risk for fetal Down syndrome may presage a poor perinatal outcome, particularly IUGR and possibly congenital infection. 相似文献