准好氧填埋渗滤液中氮转化机理

依据准好氧填埋的原理构建了填埋试验装置,在填埋装置各个层次设计采样装置.定期采集渗滤液进行分析,测定各个层次区域渗滤液中氨氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮和总氮的质量浓度,分析各形态氮之间的变化规律与相关性,初步探讨氮转化的机理.结果表明,准好氧填埋上层区域中,渗滤液的氨氮与硝态氮质量浓度变化相关性极显著;中层和下层区域由于处于兼氧和厌氧状态,硝化作用较弱,渗滤液中氨氮与硝态氮质量浓度变化相关性不显著.上层渗滤液中氨氮与总氮相关性不显著,中层和下层氨氮与总氮相关性极显著,表明中层和下层区域中,渗滤液的氨氮质量浓度变化是导致总氮含量变化的主要贡献因素.     

生活垃圾焚烧厂贮坑沥滤液的负压蒸发预处理研究

采用负压蒸发法处理上海市某大型生活垃圾焚烧发电厂贮坑沥滤液,实验研究了沥滤液蒸发过程中冷凝液组分的变化特征.结果表明:生活垃圾焚烧厂贮坑沥滤液中含有高质量浓度的挥发性污染物,低碳醇和碳原子数不大于7的挥发性有机酸(VFA)约占沥滤液中有机碳质量浓度的50%;沥滤液直接蒸发可将原液转化为原液量的84%,不含氨氮,有机物质量浓度为原液的21%,且90%以上为VFA及低碳醇的冷凝液,以及有机物质量浓度浓缩了4.4倍,适于焚烧处理的浓缩液;通过蒸发处理,沥滤液的处理难度大大降低,蒸发用能可取自焚烧热能回收后的低温位热能,降低了蒸发处理的费用.      

Fenton试剂处理选矿废水的实验研究

研究了用Fenton试剂处理某选矿废水中残余的黄药,分别考查了氧化时间、反应初始pH值、Fe2+浓度及H2O2用量对黄药降解效果的影响,用正交试验确定了四个因素的最好条件。结果表明:初始pH值和H2O2用量是影响去除效果的主要因素;氧化时间为60min,反应初始pH=4,[Fe2+]=20mg/L,[H2O2]=20mg/L,黄药的浓度为125mg/L时,黄药的去除率达到99.5%。     

低浓度TCC/TCS对废水生化处理系统的影响效应

针对TCC/TCS广泛应用于洗涤化妆用品行业,同时带来对废水生化处理系统的毒性问题,采用混凝—厌氧—好氧处理工艺,研究TCC/TCS对生化处理系统的影响效应,并探讨系统的调控反馈机制,对于这类废水的处理工艺设计、工艺调控具有较高的参考价值。     

多因素作用下同庭湖洪水调蓄量的变化

用实测资料分析比较了出口水位31．0m时,洞庭湖调蓄量的变化趋势及影响调蓄量的各种因素。用多元线性回归方法建立了调蓄量经验公式,并用该公式计算分析了各因素对调蓄量变化的影响。结果表明,该公式能够较全面地反映调蓄量变化的原因,且能够近似区分淤积和围垦对调蓄量的影响。     

中空纤维膜应用于烟气脱硫的现状与前景

本文介绍了中空纤维膜的基本情况,概述了中空纤维膜烟气脱硫技术的研究现状,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

两相厌氧膜-生物系统处理造纸废水

采用传统两相厌氧工艺 ( BS)与膜分离技术相结合的系统 ( MBS)处理造纸黑液配制废水 .结果表明 :系统 COD去除率可以达到 73.1 % ,高于 BS系统 ( 4 8.6% ) ,且在厌氧污泥活性及运行稳定性方面优于 BS系统 ;在 COD负荷为 6kg·( m³·d)^-1时MBS酸化率为 20.1 % ,酸化水平为 7.5% ,略优于 BS系统 (分别为 7.0 %和 5.0 % ) .探讨了其原因及 MBS系统引入膜的作用 ,并对系统的评价体系进行了初步讨论 .     

Arsenic and chromate removal from water by iron chips-Effects of anions

The purpose of this study is to estimate the removal efficiency of As and Cr (VI) by one kind of industrial waste — iron chips, as well as to estimate the effects of typical inorganic anions (sulfate, phosphate, and nitrate), and typical organic anions (citrate, oxalate, and humate) on As or Cr (VI) removal. The results showed that 98% of As (V) and 92% of As (III) could be removed from aqueous phase by the iron chips within 60 min. Compared with As species, Cr (VI) was removed much more rapidly and efficiently with 97% of Cr (VI) being removed within 25 min. The removal efficiency for arsenic was in the order: As (III) (sulfate), As (III) (nitrate) or As (III), As (III) (humate), As (III) (oxalate), As (III) (citrate), As (III) (phosphate), and for chromate was in the order: Cr (VI) (sulfate), Cr (VI) (phosphate) or Cr (VI) (nitrate) or Cr (VI) (oxalate), Cr (VI), Cr (VI) (citrate), Cr (VI) (humate). In all the treatments, pH level increased with time except for As (III), the removal of which was either without anions or in the presence of humate or nitrate.     

Production of a newly isolated Paenibacillus polymyxa biocontrol agent using monosodium glutamate wastewater and potato wastewater

A phyllosphere bacterial strain EBL-06 was isolated from wheat leaves. The morphology, cultural characteristics, phospholipid fatty acids, physiological and antagonistic fungus activities of this strain were investigated. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing with the published 16S rDNA sequences of the relevant bacteria. The results showed that the isolate EBL-06 was a strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa; this strain performed a high level of antagonistic fungus activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Fusarium spp. The isolate EBL-06 can grow well using monosodium glutamate wastewater (MGW) and potato wastewater (PW) as culture medium. The maximum yield of 6.5 × 10 9 CFU/mL of the isolate EBL-06 anti-fungus biocontrol agent was reached in 15 hr cultivation at 28°C, pH 6.0–7.5 using the mixture of MGW and PW (1:9).     

造纸漂白废水中有机氯化物处理技术

在调研国内外文献资料的基础上，对有关制浆造纸漂白废水污染控制技术研究现状从物化法，化学法，生化法等方面进行了综述，对系统开发研究高效，经济，节能的漂白废水处理工艺有重要的参考作用。