浅谈小型水电站建设工程中的安全管理

由于小水电站建设工程相对于大中型水电工程规模小、地处偏远山区、信息滞后以及对小型水电站建设工程安全问题认识不足等原因,有的安全措施得不到很好落实,不安全事件或事故时有发生。加强小水电站建设工程安全管理,认真落实国家有关安全法规、条例和规章制度,防止不安全事件的发生,在保证安全的前提下,又快又好又省地完成水电站建设工程项目,尤为重要。     

爆炸性气体环境危险区域划分方法改善探讨

本文在对当前爆炸性气体环境的危险区域划分存在的主要问题及其原因分析的基础上,探讨了通过建立爆炸性气体环境危险区域计算机辅助划分平台,提高危险区域划分的可操作性,从而实现爆炸性气体环境危险区域划分方法的改善.探讨了通过运用数值计算方法,基于fluent对爆炸性气体扩散进行研究,对非对称分布场所的危险区域划分提供划分辅助.     

含溴氨酸体系中菌株NAX的生长及其吸附特性

从污染土壤筛选到的菌株NAX能在含溴氨酸的体系中生长,并能吸附溴氨酸。随碳源浓度的增加,菌体生长旺盛。体系中高浓度的溴氨酸和盐度抑制菌株生长。菌株对溴氨酸的吸附等温线数据用改型的Pearl生长模型拟合比用Freundlich方程好。这意味菌株吸附溴氨酸存在多层吸附机理。     

气相色谱法测定工业废水中联苯与菲

文章研究了一种新的测定废水中联苯及菲含量的方法,该方法采用气相色谱薄涂柱,对联苯与菲进行了有效的分离与测定。该方法具有固定液用量少,柱温低,分离效果好,分析速度快等特点,利用该对废水样进行了测定,取得了满意的结果。     

吉林省松花江中下游污染物排放总量控制

分析了实施总量控制的理论依据 ;并以此研究吉林省松花江中下游污染物总量控制以及吉林市控制单元的总量控制方案 ;最后探讨了总量控制措施。     

Distribution of heavy metals in agricultural soils near a petrochemical complex in Guangzhou, China

The aim of the study was to investigate influence of an industrialized environment on the accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils. Seventy soil samples collected from surface layers (0-20 cm) and horizons of five selected pedons in the vicinity area of petrochemical complex in Guangzhou, China were analyzed for Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg and As concentrations, the horizontal and vertical variation of these metals were studied and geographic information system (GIS)-based mapping techniques were applied to generate spatial distribution maps. The mean concentrations of these heavy metals in the topsoils did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations in agricultural soil of China with the exception of Hg. Significant differences between land-use types showed that Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg and As concentrations in topsoils were strongly influenced by agricultural practices and soil management. Within a radius of 1,300 m there were no marked decreasing trends for these element concentrations (except for Zn) with the increase of distance from the complex boundary, which reflected little influence of petroleum air emission on soil heavy metal accumulation. Concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg and As in the five pedons, particularly in cultivated vegetable field and orchard, decreased with soil depth, indicating these elements mainly originated from anthropogenic sources. GIS mapping was a useful tool for evaluating spatial variability of heavy metals in the affected soil. The spatial distribution maps allowed the identification of hot-spot areas with high metal concentration. Effective measures should be taken to avoid or minimize heavy metal further contamination of soils and to remediate the contaminated areas in order to prevent pollutants affecting human health through agricultural products.     

南水北调中线工程对陆生植物的影响及其对策初步研究

介绍了南水北调中线工程丹江口水库库区及输水总干渠沿线所经地区的自然环境状况和植物资源特征；分析了工程所造成的淹没，占地，移民和迁建用材等方面对库区和干渠沿线地段的陆生植物和植物物种资源各方面所可能造成的损失，以及有益的影响，并针对库区和干渠沿线的植物资源保护，环境恢复和地区经济重建等问题提出对策。     

Number concentration and size distributions of submicron particles in Jinan urban area： Characteristics in summer and winter

The aerosol number concentration and size distribution were measured with the newly developed Wide-range Particle Spectrometer in summer and winter of 2006 at the urban site of Jinan City.Here reported the characteristics of fine particles of the different observation seasons.Relative high number concentrations for the particles in the diameter range of 10-500 nm were observed in both seasons.It was found that the dominant number distributed in particle diameter smaller than 100 nm and the percentage over the number concentration of all air particles is much higher than what has been measured in other urban sites over the world.The number mean diameter in summer was much smaller than in winter,strongly suggesting the different origin of ultrafine particles in different seasons.That is, particles in ultrafine mode mainly came from nucleation and new particle formation in summer while from traffic emission in winter. The diurnal variation also supported this point.Number concentration in the diameter range of 10-200 nm got their peak values at noontime,well correlated with the mixing ratio of SO_2 and the intensity of solar radiation in summer.While in winter,those in the same diameter range showed the main peaks during the traffic hours happened in the morning and evening.     

我国自然灾害类应急预案评价方法研究(Ⅰ):完备性评价

从自然灾害类应急预案着手,采用故障树分析方法(FTA)对其完备性进行评价。通过建立自然灾害类应急预案的标准故障树,确定各基本事件的权重,并将待评价应急预案的基本事件与标准故障树进行对比,进而得到其需要加强和完善的薄弱环节,并从量化的角度出发得到待评价应急预案的不完备度。最后,采用上述方法分析一个实际的地质灾害应急预案,对该应急预案的完备性进行评价,最终确定其需要加强和完善的方面,为制定或修订应急预案提供参考。     

我国自然灾害类应急预案评价方法研究(Ⅲ):可操作性评价

从预案执行人员的角度出发,将可操作性评价转化为复杂性评价,并以国家地震应急预案为例,构建针对应急预案结构的可操作性评价方法。该方法由3步完成:首先,应急预案具有由描述性语言组成的特点,分析国内现有应急预案的组织结构,采用语句成分分析的方法对预案中的关键信息和行动进行提取与处置;然后,引入软件工程中的程序流转图,将描述性的预案文本转换为包含行动以及它们之间逻辑与层次关系的结构控制图;最后,借鉴度量软件复杂性的方法,定义了结构控制图的内部复杂度和综合复杂度等一系列指标,用于应急预案的复杂性即可操作性评价。评价结果可为完善和修订应急预案提供科学依据。