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971.
二妃山垃圾填埋场地下水环境质量浅析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以武汉市二妃山垃圾填埋场的渗滤液和周边地下水环境质量为研究对象,2007年12月采取垃圾填埋场的渗滤液和周边居民自用水井的地下水进行检测分析和模糊评价。测试目标为pH、总硬度和阴阳离子等。经检测后发现垃圾渗滤液中大部分金属离子含量比较高,部分水井中Fe、Hg、Mn、Pb、NO3离子超过地下水质量标准GB/T14848—1993三级标准,可见垃圾填埋场对周边地下水产生了一定的影响。 相似文献
972.
973.
在温室中建立红树林植物无瓣海桑模拟湿地系统,分别用正常、5倍和10倍浓度3种人工配制的生活污水定时定量对模拟系统污灌4个月,研究重金属Cd的分布、迁移以及湿地系统对Cd污染的净化效应。结果表明,污水中的Cd主要存留在土壤子系统中(约90%),只有很少部分迁移到植物体和凋落物中;无瓣海桑各器官中Cd含量在根部最高;模拟系统对污水中Cd的净化效果显著,在植物-土壤-水系统中,正常、5倍和10倍浓度组的净化率分别为96.04%、85.19%和92.24%,在无植物系统中,对应组分别为81.18%、85.46%和80.96%。 相似文献
974.
975.
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977.
采用重庆同兴垃圾焚烧发电厂产生的焚烧飞灰,在感应炉上进行熔融处理实验研究,探讨了熔融温度、熔融时间、碱度等因素对熔融过程中重金属分离效果的影响.结果表明,重金属的挥发率按其熔沸点高低区分明显,Pb、Zn和Cd的挥发率较高,分别为80%、60%和95%左右;Cr、Mn的挥发率均低于10%.随着熔融时间、熔融温度和碱度的增加,Pb、Zn、Cd、Mn、Cr的挥发率变化趋势不明显;铁浴熔融方式可进一步促进Zn、Pb、Hg的挥发,有利于Cr、Cu从熔渣中分离出来,与生铁形成合金.对熔渣的浸出毒性测试结果表明,重金属元素的浸出毒性均可达标(GB5085.3-1996). 相似文献
978.
Efficiency of white lupin in the removal of mercury from contaminated soils: Soil and hydroponic experiments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pilar Zornoz Roc′?o Mill′an M. Jos′e Sierr Almudena Seco Elvira Esteban 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(3):421-427
This study examined the ability of the white lupin to remove mercury (Hg) from a hydroponic system (Hg concentrations 0, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 μmol/L) and from soil in pots and lysimeters (total Hg concentration (19.2 ± 1.9) mg/kg availability 0.07%, and (28.9 ± 0.4) mg/kg availability 0.09%, respectively), and investigated the accumulation and distribution of Hg in different parts of the plant. White lupin roots efficiently took up Hg, but its translocation to the harvestable parts of the plant was low. The Hg concentration in the seeds posed no risk to human health according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization, but the shoots should not be used as fodder for livestock, at least when unmixed with other fodder crops. The accumulation of Hg in the hydroponically-grown plants was linear over the concentration range tested. The amount of Hg retained in the roots, relative to the shoots, was almost constant irrespective of Hg dose (90%). In the soil experiments, Hg accumulation increased with exposure time and was the greater in the lysimeter than in the pot experiments. Although Hg removal was the greater in the hydroponic system, revealing the potential of the white lupin to extract Hg, bioaccumulation was the greatest in the lysimeter-grown plants; the latter system more likely reflects the true behaviour of white lupin in the field when Hg availability is a factor that limits Hg removal. The present results suggest that the white lupin could be used in long-term soil reclamation strategies that include the goal of profitable land use in Hg-polluted areas. 相似文献
979.
C.R. Rodríguez Pleguezuelo V.H. Durn Zuazo J.L. Muriel Fernndez F.J. Martín Peinado D. Franco Tarifa 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2009,134(1-2):79-88
On the coast of Granada (SE, Spain), an economically important area for subtropical fruit cultivation, the crops are grown on orchard terraces. Also, high amounts of fertilizers, often excessive, are used in this type of intensive agriculture. However, each year significant fractions of nutrients taken up by the trees return to the soil by fallen leaves. Using a litter-bag technique, we assessed the decomposition rates and N-release in various types of litter. Our main purpose was to compare two different agroecosystem scenarios: (1) an unaltered slope consisting mainly of a mixture of herbaceous plants (Papaver rhoeas, Convolvulus sp., Malva sylvestris, Reseda phyteuma, Anacyclus sp., Sinapis arvensis, Medicago sp.) among spontaneous perennial woody shrubs (Genista umbellata, Olea europaea, Lavandula officinalis, Phlomis purpurea, Retama sphaerocarpa), and (2) an altered slope cultivated with subtropical trees on terraces: loquat (Eriobotrya japonica), mango (Mangifera indica), avocado (Persea americana), and cherimoya (Annona cherimola), with groundcover plantings of aromatic, medicinal, and melliferous plants (AMMPs) on the taluses of the terraces, which are usually used for erosion control: Lavandula dentata, Thymus mastichina, Satureja obovata, Rosmarinus officinalis, Anthyllis cytisoides. In the leaves from the subtropical crops, we found the highest decomposition rates in cherimoya and the lowest in mango (1.30 and 0.64 years−1, respectively). Leaves from mango and loquat registered initial peaks of N immobilization and later N-release, which was highest in cherimoya and avocado leaves (71.2 and 56.8% of the initial remaining N). In the spontaneous woody shrubs, O. europaea and G. umbellata were the slowest in decomposing (1.18 and 1.01 years−1, respectively) contrary to L. officinalis, which decomposed fastest (2.22 years−1). Only L. officinalis and P. purpurea registered a net N-release at the end of the study. The AMMPs showed different decomposition patterns: L. dentata registered the highest decomposition rates and Rosmarinus the lowest (1.9 and 1.1 years−1, respectively). T. mastichina, L. dentata, and S. obovata had the highest N-release, whereas R. officinalis and A. cytisoides showed N immobilization (183 and 122% of the initial N). Knowledge of the dynamics of nutrient release and litter decomposition will be useful for predicting nutrient availability and nutrient cycles in these types of agroecosystems where subtropical orchards are grown on terraces. 相似文献
980.
Sound stimulates the tympanic membrane (TM) of anuran amphibians through multiple, poorly understood pathways. It is conceivable
that interactions between the internal and external inputs to the TM contribute to the nonlinear effects that noise is known
to produce at higher levels of the auditory pathway. To explore this issue, we conducted measurements of TM vibration in response
to tones in the presence of noise in the frog Eupsophus calcaratus. Laser vibrometry revealed that the power spectra (n = 16) of the TM velocity in response to pure tones at a constant level of 80 dB sound-pressure level (SPL) had a maximum
centered at an average frequency of 2,344 Hz (range 1,700–2,990 Hz) and a maximum velocity of 61.1 dB re 1 μm/s (range 42.9–66.6
dB re 1 μm/s). These TM-vibration velocity response profiles in the presence of increasing levels of 4-kHz band-pass noise
were unaltered up to noise levels of 90 dB SPL. For the relatively low spectral densities of the noise used, the TM remains
in its linear range. Such vibration patterns facilitate the detection of tonal signals in noise at the tympanic membrane and
may underlie the remarkable vocal responsiveness maintained by males of E. calcaratus under noise interference. 相似文献