企业计算机网络的安全管理

从技术手段和制度规范上，综合提出了企业计算机网络的安全管理策略。     

工作岗位设计与安全管理

员工工作情绪对安全生产有着相当的影响，表现在工作投入和注意心理等方面，直接或间接地影响企业的安全生产状况。采用科学的工作岗位设计方法和管理方法，藉以改善员工工作投入和工作中的注意心理，必将有利于改善员工对工作本身的态度，以及改善员工对安全生产的直接和间接参与程度，最终促进安全生产。     

Numerical Simulation of Synoptic Condition on a Severe Sand Dust Storm

By using observational data and MM5, an observational analysisand numerical study was conducted on the synoptic condition of a severe dust storm that was caused by a Mongolian cyclone whichoccurred from 6 to 8 April 2001. Results illustrated thatthe cyclogenesis was due to the isentropic potential vorticity (IPV) advection in the upper troposphere and the terrain modifiedbaroclinicity in the mid-lower troposphere. The Altai-Sayan complex of mountains blocked the lower level cold air and made the isentropic surface sharply steep. When the air slid down along the isentropic surface the increasing of baroclinicity anddecreasing of stability blew up the vertical vorticity development.The formation of the dust storm was a result of a cyclonic cold front passing across the area. The occurrence of this dust stormwas closely related to the strong surface wind, which was accompanied by a cold front passing, rather than the cyclogenesis, itself. Hence, the reason for the pre-front dust storm formulation was the formation of heating convection. Reasons behind the formation of a black storm (visibilitylower than 50 m), which occurred in the mid-north part ofInner Mongolia, lay in several aspects. Firstly, in thisarea the surface wind was strong, a direct result of thedownward transport in mid-lower troposphere. Secondly,the cold front passed over the effected area near sunsetso the air obtained much more surface heating to form adeeper mixed layer (ML). Thirdly, cooperation between thelower level wind and the terrain made the atmosphere inthis area and acquired the maximum advective contributionnecessary to form a deep post-front ML. The sensitivityexperiment revealed that surface heat flux was important to the frontal lifting. In addition, the forcing of surface heating wasalso seen as the primary forcing mechanism of frontogenesis. Meanwhile, removal of the surface heat flux made the atmosphericstratification became stable and the pre-storm ML very shallow,which weakened the strength of the dust storm.     

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR IRRIGATION PROJECT PLANNING1

ABSTRACT: This study presents three optimization techniques for on‐farm irrigation scheduling in irrigation project planning: namely the genetic algorithm, simulated annealing and iterative improvement methods. The three techniques are applied to planning a 394.6 ha irrigation project in the town of Delta, Utah, for optimizing economic profits, simulating water demand, and estimating the crop area percentages with specific water supply and planted area constraints. The comparative optimization results for the 394.6 ha irrigated project from the genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, and iterative improvement methods are as follows: (1) the seasonal maximum net benefits are $113,826, $111,494, and $105,444 per season, respectively; and (2) the seasonal water demands are 3.03*10³ m³, 3.0*10³ m³, and 2.92*10³ m³ per season, respectively. This study also determined the most suitable four parameters of the genetic algorithm method for the Delta irrigated project to be: (1) the number of generations equals 800, (2) population size equals 50, (3) probability of crossover equals 0.6, and (4) probability of mutation equals 0.02. Meanwhile, the most suitable three parameters of simulated annealing method for the Delta irrigated project are: (1) initial temperature equals 1,000, (2) number of moves equal 90, and (3) cooling rate equals 0.95.     

提高化学需氧量质控合格率的研究

大庆油田化工总厂废水中化学需氧量（COD）的测定采用库仑法。为了提高质控合格率，从人员素质、仪器设备、电级内液等9个方面分析寻找导致误差的主要影响因素并制定对策。同时对影响电极内液及消解的因素进行正交实验确定最佳条件。结果使库仑法质控合格率由90％提高到95％，测定38次标样全部合格。     

Marine protected areas and local coastal conservation and management in Hong Kong

This paper focuses on the role of marine parks and reserves in the conservation of Hong Kong's coastal environment. This environment is under serious threat as a result of pollution of marine waters and habitat loss associated with urbanisation, large-scale reclamation projects, and inadequate treatment and disposal of sewage and industrial effluents. The paper discusses whether in a highly urbanised and stressed environment like Hong Kong, which currently lacks a conservation strategy and an overall framework for handling sustainability issues, small marine parks and reserves can be effective in helping to conserve local biodiversity. The paper also suggests that Hong Kong should adopt a broader regional perspective on its coastal conservation and management problems, a perspective that recognises the significance for the territory of the rapid urban and industrial development taking place in neighbouring Guangdong Province. This will require more extensive and focused liaison with Chinese agencies.     

洗涤法处理含油土壤的研究

研究了用洗涤法处理含油土壤，考察了洗涤剂种类与浓度、洗涤温度、液固比、洗涤时间、表面活性剂、洗涤液直接循环使用次数对洗涤效果的影响，结果表明：当混合减浓度为10000mg／L、洗涤温度为70℃、液固比2：1、洗涤时间20min时，可将含油量为30％的土壤洗至残油率仅为0．3％左右。OP、EL型表面活性剂的加入对洗涤效果没有改善，特别有意义的是洗涤液能够直接循环使用而对洗涤效果基本无影响，这不仅能够减少用水量，还可以大大减少废水的排放量，降低操作费用及废水处理费用。该洗涤法不涉及物质的相变过程，混合碱由廉价的无机碱和无机盐组成，故能量消耗低，处理费用也低，且洗脱下来的原油可回收。     

四川省酸性降水范围,趋势预测及其对农作物,蔬菜生长影响估损

本文在综述四川酸性降水范围、发展趋势预测的基础上，根据野外调查、现场考察和有关资料，阐述了酸雨形成的多种污染源及其对农业生态系统的危害。着重分析和论证了酸沉降（含酸雨、酸雾）对农作蔬菜的影响，并对酸沉降形成的主要几种污染影响范围和造成的经济损失采用分项估算法。估算公式为：Ｓ农损＝Ｄ粮损×ｇ×Ｊ＋Ｅ蔬损×ｇ×Ｊ＋Ｆ油损×ｇ×Ｊ，式中Ｄ、Ｅ、Ｆ分别代表粮食、蔬菜、油菜受酸沉降污染危害影响面积，ｇ为每亩面积减产数量，Ｊ为单位产量价格。根据公式估算，经济损失为０５９－０６６亿元／年，取平均值≈Ｓ农损，总共为０６３亿元／年。     

岷江干流（成都段）水体污染防治对策研究

本文通过对岷江干流（成都段）地表水和地下水的综合研究，分别提出了地表水污染防治对策和地下水水质防护措施，划分出了地表水防治不同时期的目标以及地下水开采管理目标。     

一种计算中小地震地震矩的简易方法

从Ｂ．Ａ．Ｂｏｌｔ博士得到一个关系式出发，采用一种新的量值转换方法，能够较方便地求得各中小地震的地震矩；并且利用江苏地区的ＤＤ－１地震仪的模拟记录资料，得到了江苏及其邻近地区１．０≤ＭＬ≤４．０的中小地震的地震矩Ｍ０（单位为１０－７Ｎｍ）与震级ＭＬ的统计关系式：ｌｏｇＭ０＝（１．７６±０．１１）ＭＬ＋（１５．５９±０．２８）。