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341.
342.
Jong Ho Kim Byoung Kyu Kwak Chee Burm Shin Won Jin Jeon Hyeon-Soo Park Sun Woo Lee Kyunghee Choi Woon Gi Lee Jun Hee Lee Sun Ho Baek Jongheop Yi 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2011,16(3):265-281
A local-scale spatially refined multimedia fate model (LSRMFM) was developed to evaluate in detail the multimedia transport of organic compounds at a spatial level. The model was derived using a combination of an advection?Cdispersion?Creaction partial differential equation, a steady-state multimedia fugacity model, and a geographical information system. The model was applied to predicting four major volatile organic compounds that are produced as emissions (benzene, toluene, xylene, and styrene) in an urban and industrial area (the 50?×?50-km area was divided into 0.5?×?0.5-km segments) in Korea. To test the accuracy of the model, the LSRMFM was used to predict the extent of dispersion and the data compared with actual measured concentrations and the results of a generic multimedia fate model (GMFM). The results indicated that the method developed herein is appropriate for predicting long-term multimedia pollution. However, the comparison study also illustrated that the developed model has some limitations (e.g., steady-state assumption) in terms of explaining all the observed concentrations, and additional verification and study (e.g., validation using a large observed data set, integration with a more accurate runoff model) would be desirable. In comparing LSRMFM and GMFM, discrepancies between the LSRMFM and GMFM outputs were found, as the result of geographical effects, even though the environmental parameters were identical. The geographical variation for LSRMFM output indicated the existence of considerable local human and ecological risks, whereas the GMFM output indicated less average risk. These results demonstrate that the model has the potential for improving the management of pollutant levels under these refined spatial conditions. 相似文献
343.
Moon HB Kim SJ Park H Jung YS Lee S Kim YH Choi M 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(9):2400-2405
Reports on the occurrence and intake assessment of mercury for Korean seafood are currently not available. This is the first report to estimate the intake of methyl (Me-Hg) and total mercury (T-Hg) from seafood consumption in Korea. The concentrations of Me-Hg and T-Hg in seafood ranged from 1.02 to 780 (mean: 55.6) ng g(-1) wet weight and 4.89 to 1008 (mean: 100) ng g(-1) wet weight, respectively. The residue levels of Me-Hg and T-Hg in Korean seafood were moderate compared with those found in other countries. The methylation ratios of fish, cephalopods and crustaceans were similar, but shellfish had lower values compared with other species. The intakes of Me-Hg and T-Hg from seafood consumption for the general population were estimated to be 38.8 and 73.8 ng kg(-1) body weight per day, respectively. Mackerel, tuna and squid made the highest contributions to the total intake of these contaminants. Among eight age groups, 30-49 year and 3-6 year age groups had the highest exposure to Me-Hg and T-Hg. The concentrations and intakes of Me-Hg and T-Hg from Korean seafood were less than the allowable residue levels and threshold intake levels suggested by Korean and international authorities. The present study may be useful for risk management of mercury in Korean seafood. 相似文献
344.
Effects of salinity and organic matter on the partitioning of perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAs) to clay particles 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The influence of salinity and organic matter on the distribution coefficient (K(d)) for perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in a brackish water-clay system was studied. The distribution coefficients (K(d)) for PFAs onto inorganic clay surfaces increased with salinity, providing evidence for electrostatic interaction for the sorption of PFAs, whereas the relationship between K(d) and organic carbon content (f(oc)) suggested that hydrophobic interaction is the primary driving force for the sorption of PFAs onto organic matter. The organic carbon normalized adsorption coefficient (K(oc)) of PFAs can be slightly overestimated due to the electrostatic interaction within uncoated inorganic surfaces. In addition, the dissolved organic matter released from coated clay particles seemed to solvate PFA molecules in solution, which contributed to a decrease in K(d). A positive relationship between K(d) and salinity was apparent, but an empirical relationship for the 'salting-out' effect was not evident. The K(d) values of PFAs are relatively small compared with those reported for persistent organic pollutants. Thus, sorption may not be a significant route of mass transfer of PFAs from water columns in estuarine environments. However, enhancement of sorption of PFAs to particulate matter at high salinity values could evoke potential risks to benthic organisms in estuarine areas. 相似文献
345.
Wang Zhaoqi Jung Soontag Yeo Daseul Park Sunho Woo Seoyoung Seo Yeeun Hossain Md. Iqbal Kim Minji Choi Changsun 《Food and environmental virology》2023,15(1):61-70
Food and Environmental Virology - The performance of dishwashers in removing live viruses is an important informative value in practical applications. Since foodborne viruses are present in... 相似文献
346.
Sang-Won Park Sung-Kuk Kim Jeong-Bae Kim Sung-Woo Choi Hilary I. Inyang Shuzo Tokunaga 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2006,6(1-2):97-110
Halogenated aliphatic compounds (HACs) can be reduced by iron sulfides in aqueous systems. Generally, the thermodynamics and
kinetics of dehalogenation reactions are controlled by the mineralogical and particle surface characteristics of the iron
sulfide, the composition of the HAC and reaction conditions such as component concentrations, pH and Eh. In this theoretical
and experimental investigation of CCl4 and C2Cl6 reduction by FeS and FeS2, the roles of hydrophobic and hydrophilic sites on the iron sulfides were analyzed. Experimental data obtained through zeta
potential measurements, were used along with the Gouy-Chapman model and the simple two-layer surface complexation model to
relate iron sulfide surface hydroxyl densities to the degree of HAC dehalogenation. The surface hydroxyl site densities of
FeS and FeS2 were found to be 0.11 sites/nm2 and 0.21 sites/nm2, respectively. During the dehalogenation reaction process, CCl4 was found to decrease to its first intermediate product CHCl3 within the first 20 hours followed by a slower process of conversion to CH2Cl2. The results also show that FeS is less hydrated (more hydrophobic) than FeS2. For CCl4 and C2Cl6, FeS is a better dehalogenator than FeS2. These results imply that particle surface hydrophobicity is a critical factor in surface-mediated dehalogenation of chlorinated
compounds. 相似文献
347.
Low-level liquid borate wastes have been immobilized with paraffin wax using a concentrate waste drying system (CWDS) in Korean nuclear power plants. The possibility for improving chemical durability of paraffin waste form was suggested in this study. A small amount of low density polyethylene (LDPE) was added to increase the leaching resistance of the existing paraffin waste form. The influence of LDPE on the leaching behavior of waste form was investigated by performing leaching test according to ANSI/ANS-16.1 procedure during 325 days. It was observed that the leaching of nuclides immobilized within paraffin waste form made a marked reduction although little content of LDPE was added to waste form. The acceptance criteria of paraffin waste form associated with leachability index (LI) and compressive strength after the leaching test were fully satisfied with the help of LDPE. 相似文献
348.
Kim N. Dirks Murray D. Johns John E. Hay Andrew P. Sturman 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2002,36(39-40)
Carbon monoxide monitoring using continuous samplers is carried out in most major urban centres in the world and generally forms the basis for air quality assessments. Such assessments become less reliable as the proportion of data missing due to equipment failure and periods of calibration increases. This paper presents a semi-empirical model for the prediction of atmospheric carbon monoxide concentrations near roads for the purpose of interpolating missing data without the need for any traffic or emissions information. The model produces reliable predictions while remaining computationally simple by being site-specifically optimized. The model was developed for, and evaluated at, both a suburban site and an inner city site in Hamilton, New Zealand. Model performance statistics were found to be significantly better than other simple methods of interpolation with little additional computational complexity. 相似文献
349.
Allan Gomez-Flores Gukhwa Hwang Sadia Ilyas Hyunjung Kim 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(3):31
350.
Gardia-Parège Caroline Kim Tiam Sandra Budzinski Hélène Mazzella Nicolas Devier Marie-Hélène Morin Soizic 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(20):29368-29381
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Effect-directed analysis (EDA) aims at identifying the compound(s) responsible for toxicity in a complex environmental sample where several dozens of... 相似文献