酸化预处理对剩余活性污泥厌氧消化及其脱水性能的影响研究

剩余活性污泥在厌氧消化系统中难以降解,而研究发现预处理能加速其水解的过程。本文研究了盐酸酸化预处理(pH为6～1)对剩余活性污泥后续消化及脱水性能的影响。综合考虑盐酸的投加量和污泥消化性能的改善情况得出最佳工艺参数:酸化至pH为2时,综合效果最佳。此时污泥消化13天的沼气产量相当于未经酸化处理污泥消化21天的沼气产量。在半连续流消化反应试验(35℃,水力停留时间为12天)中,预处理后的污泥产甲烷量较未经预处理的污泥提高了14.3%,同时沙门氏菌全部灭活。脱水实验研究发现,酸化预处理能节约后续污泥脱水过程中40%的阳离子絮凝剂投加量以达到同样的泥饼含固率。     

对几种公路交通噪声预测模式的差异分析

文章从评价范围、源强界定和参数修正三方面对《环境影响评价技术导则声环境》(HJ/T 2.4-1995)、《环境影响评价技术导则声环境》(HJ 2.4-2009)、《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范(试行)》(JTJ 005-96)、《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》(JTGB 03-2006)、《环境影响评价技术导则公路建设项目》(HJ 552-2010)等五种公路交通噪声预测模式的差异进行对比分析,探究哪种预测模式更加合理。     

丹河晋城段水质评价及变化趋势分析

采用综合水质标识指数法对丹河晋城段在2006年-2010年间6个断面水质进行了综合评价,分析结果表明6个断面水质在2010年均能达标,各类水质污染物中,氨氮在丹河晋城段超标范围最广,超标程度较深,是影响丹河水质的主要污染物。同时应用Speraman秩相关系数法对丹河晋城段6个断面在近5年间的水质变化趋势进行探究,分析结果表明丹河晋城段6个断面中水东桥和后寨两个断面水质呈显著好转趋势,其它4个断面水质变化比较稳定。     

Policy options to promote Chinese new energy vehicles consumption

Inspired by the green revolution, new energy vehicles (NEVs) provide a fresh, alternative mode of transportation for Chinese consumers that reduce their reliance on traditional, gasoline/diesel-based cars. However, despite strong government support for NEVs in China, the level of uptake by consumers remains slow. Using Shanghai as a case study, this article provides a much-needed insight into local consumers’ motivations to invest in NEVs through a survey of 100 Shanghai residents. Results indicate that current NEV promotion policies do not have a significant impact on the cognitive trade-off of NEV consumption under the “Integrated Consumer Behavior Model,” mainly due to inconvenient charging facilities, technical concerns regarding battery, higher prices, and wait-and-see attitudes regarding the pilot policy environment. Drawing on experiences from Sweden and New Zealand, this research serves to enhance knowledge on consumer attitudes towards NEVs and assist policy makers in developing more effective green consumption promotion campaigns in the future.     

Variation characteristics of atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide in summertime at a coastal site in the South China Sea

● Diurnal patterns of CH₄ and CO₂ are clearly extracted using EEMD. ● CH₄ and CO₂ show mid-morning high and evening low patterns during sea breezes. ● Wind direction significantly modulates the diurnal variations in CH₄ and CO₂. Methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) are the two most important greenhouse gases (GHGs). To examine the variation characteristics of CH₄ and CO₂ in the coastal South China Sea, atmospheric CH₄ and CO₂ measurements were performed in Bohe (BH), Guangdong, China, in summer 2021. By using an adaptive data analysis method, the diurnal patterns of CH₄ and CO₂ were clearly extracted and analysed in relation to the sea breeze (SB) and land breeze (LB), respectively. The average concentrations of CH₄ and CO₂ were 1876.91 ± 31.13 ppb and 407.99 ± 4.24 ppm during SB, and 1988.12 ± 109.92 ppb and 421.54 ± 14.89 ppm during LB, respectively. The values of CH₄ and CO₂ during SB basically coincided with the values and trends of marine background sites, showing that the BH station could serve as an ideal site for background GHG monitoring and dynamic analysis. The extracted diurnal variations in CH₄ and CO₂ showed sunrise high and sunset low patterns (with peaks at 5:00–7:00) during LB but mid-morning high and evening low patterns (with peaks at 9:00) during SB. The diurnal amplitude changes in both CH₄ and CO₂ during LB were almost two to three times those during SB. Wind direction significantly modulated the diurnal variations in CH₄ and CO₂. The results in this study provide a new way to examine the variations in GHGs on different timescales and can also help us gain a better understanding of GHG sources and distributions in the South China Sea.     

Multiscale analysis of factors affecting food security in China, 1980–2017

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Food security is an important issue affecting people’s lives and social stability. Clarifying levels of food security and the factors affecting...     

三亚市臭氧污染特征、输送路径及潜在源区分析

基于2015-2019年三亚市空气质量自动监测数据和气象观测资料,结合后向轨迹聚类与潜在源区分析等方法,分析了三亚市O₃污染特征。结果表明:2015-2019年三亚市O₃浓度总体优良,优良天数比例为97.9%(标准状态),超标天均为轻度污染,多发生在秋冬季。O₃浓度与平均相对湿度、气温和降水量呈负相关关系,与平均风速呈正相关关系,同时与风向密切相关。6-8月气温较高,主导风向为偏南风,O₃及其前体物以本地排放为主,O₃浓度较低;秋冬季盛行东北风,易受到来自内陆的污染传输影响,O₃浓度相对较高。当日最高气温为20~30℃、日均相对湿度为65%~85%、日均风速为3~8 m/s、主导风向为东北风时,三亚市发生O₃超标的概率较高。台风外围和冷高压南下是导致三亚市O₃超标的2种典型天气形势。经聚类分析得到,2019年2个污染过程气团输送路径均来自东北方向,潜在源区分析WPSCF与WCWT的高值区一致性较好,均表明珠三角地区是三亚市重要的O₃污染潜在源区,需要加强与珠三角地区O₃污染的联防联控。     

The effect of carbonate and biochar on carbon and nitrogen losses during composting

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Limited options and high prices have limited the application of additives in composting. The effect of applying carbonate (SRC) and biochar (BC) to...     

煤矿作业人员安全心理特性模糊综合评价方法研究

根据模糊数学理论,将模糊综合评价方法引入煤矿作业人员安全心理特性评价。根据阜新矿业集团五龙煤矿的实际情况,建立了多层次煤矿作业人员安全心理特性评价体系,并且运用层次分析法确定评价因素的权重,最后结合安全等级表对模糊综合评价结果进行处理,得出煤矿作业人员的安全心理等级。