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151.
畜禽粪便中大量有机污染物污染着人们赖以生存的土壤和水体,粪尿分解产生的大量有害气体污染了大气。本文结合日照市畜牧业生产的实际,对日照市畜牧业生产对环境的污染现状进行了分析,找出了日照市畜牧业生产对环境污染产生的主要原因和存在问题,提出畜牧业生产对环境污染的防治对策。 相似文献
152.
鉴于目前环境影响预测中基准值取法存在的问题,提出了结合目前通用做法与灰色预测的灰靶方案,该方案使得环境影响预测结果在一定范围内变化,从而更为切合评价实际。 相似文献
153.
不同农田土壤养分可持续性指数的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
讨论了不同农田土壤碳、氮、磷、钾养分的可持续性指数。结果表明,不同施肥方式、不同土壤类型对碳、氮养分可持续性指数的影响表现为有机肥配施化肥处理>有机肥处理>化肥处理,潮土>水稻土>红壤;对磷、钾养分表现为化肥处理>有机肥配施化肥处理>有机肥处理,水稻土>潮土>红壤。相关分析表明,土壤养分可持续性指数与土壤养分相关或极相关。这表明,土壤养分可持续性指数可以用来评价土壤肥力和指示土壤养分的动态变化。 相似文献
154.
155.
Temporal and spatial characteristics of the urban heat island during rapid urbanization in Shanghai, China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Kaixuan Zhang Rui Wang Chenchen Shen Liangjun Da 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,169(1-4):101-112
Based on meteorological data from 1978 to 2007, we investigated the annual, seasonal, and fixed hourly variations of Shanghai urban heat island (UHI) in urban and suburban areas and spatial distribution of UHI. The results demonstrated a remarkable interannual increase of UHI intensity in Shanghai. The UHI was the strongest in autumn and the weakest in summer, as a consequence of the prevailing weather conditions. Similar to previous studies of other cities, the UHI in Shanghai was stronger in the nighttime than in the daytime. The SW–NE cross section followed the general cross section of the typical UHI described by Oke (1987) who defines its characteristic parts as “cliff”, “plateau”, and “peak”. Analysis of the association of UHI and urbanization indicated that the UHI increased with the expansion of population and rapid increase of gross domestic product. The continuous increase of power consumption and area of paved road and decrease of area of cropland caused the growth of UHI intensity. Green land had a positive effect on mitigation of heat island based on an inversed U-shaped curve with UHI intensity. 相似文献
156.
Based on field investigations in the Changjiang River mouth, rain sampling from the river's upper reaches to the mouth, historical data, and relevant literatures, the budget and major control factors of total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) in the river catchment were estimated and discussed from the catchment scale. It will supply a base for effective controlling P concentration in the Changjiang River and its mouth. Results show that the export fluxes of TP and DIP were mainly controlled by the river runoff. The TP and DIP in the Changjiang River came mainly from agricultural nonpoint source P losses from fertilizer and soil and point sources of industrial waste and residential sewage discharges. The export fluxes of TP and DIP in the river mouth were only 27.0% and 28.3% of the imports from the river catchment, respectively, suggesting that most of P were removed in transportation. A mass of freshwater marshes in the river catchment were the main areas to remove P. Significant increasing in utilization of fertilizer P and incessant increasing in water and soil loss areas were the primary reasons of agricultural nonpoint source P losses. How to decrease the agricultural nonpoint source P loss from the catchment scale is a key controlling P concentration in the Changjiang River and its mouth. The point source industrial waste P discharge has been primarily treated in the river catchment, but the residential sewage P discharge needs further control. 相似文献
157.
Jie Liu Junjun Ma Weizhang Zhong Jianrui Niu Zaixing Li Xiaoju Wang Ge Shen Chun Liu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(4):51
158.
Yi-Jian Feng Yu-Qiang Yang Chi Zhang Er-Xi Song Dong-Sheng Shen Yu-Yang Long 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(5):1073-1078
Residues from the imported wastes dismantling process create a great burden on the ambient environment. To develop appropriate strategies for the disposal of such residues, their characteristics were studied through background value analysis and toxicity leaching tests. Our results showed that the heavy metals concentrations in residues were high, particularly those of Cu (7180 mg kg?1), Zn (2783 mg kg?1), and Pb (1954 mg kg?1). Toxicity leaching tests revealed a high metal releasing risk of such residues if they are disposed of in a landfill. However, the residues of imported wastes were also found to have some intrinsic metal recycling value. 相似文献
159.
含油污泥的处理与利用 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
石油开采和加工过程中产生的含油污泥,带有有害物质和较高的热值,既需处理又可综合利用,这是一个复杂而又重要的课题。当前,我国含油污泥处理与利用和国外先进水平有较大差距,处理装置技术落后,不配套,多数污泥未进行无害化处理,造成了环境污染和能源资源的浪费。在收集了大量资料的基础上,列举了含油污泥的性质及危害。“九五”期间应积极开展先进工艺设备的引进推广工作,特别在含油污泥的脱水干燥、污油回收和绿化利用上,可推广江汉、中原油田的先进工艺设备,使含油污泥达到无害化乃至变废为宝。 相似文献
160.
本文系统分析现代灾害的特点;评述灾害研究及灾害学的历史与现状,预测其发展趋势;探讨灾害学的基本范畴,界定其学科体系的总体框架,对灾害研究及灾害学发展中的几个重要问题提出认识与建议。 相似文献