橡胶工业化学品安全防护

随着对环境、安全和健康意识的加强,人们对于工作场所的安全卫生问题已引起极大的关注.众所周知,橡胶工业对工人的健康存在较大的危害,这主要是在橡胶工业中所采用的大量化学品导致的.本文将就橡胶工业化学品的危害和安全防护的问题进行简要介绍和探讨.     

新型烟气净化装置(LAPD)除尘效率的试验研究

通过单因素试验研究了新型烟气净化装置(LAPD)运行参数变化对除尘效率的影响,结果表明:LAPD的除尘效率随着溢流口液面高度的增大而提高;随着环形管高度的增大而先提高后下降。通过正交试验,建立了LAPD的最佳工况参数标准。     

吸附法油气回收装置中真空泵的安装与调试

简要介绍了济南分公司油气回收装置、真空泵的工作原理以及安装与调试应注意的问题.     

齐鲁乙烯开工锅炉试烧燃料气改造后的降耗减排分析

齐鲁分公司烯烃厂动力开工锅炉是齐鲁分公司燃料油的耗能大户,也是降耗增效和减排的重点.目前,国内市场燃料气(包括焦化干气和少量天然气)价格较为便宜,而且燃烧燃料气能有效降低大气污染物排放.因此完成开工锅炉A、B炉试烧燃料气改造后,可以取得良好经济效益和环保效益.     

兰州市城区河道表层沉积物磁性特征研究

通过系统的环境磁学测定,分析了兰州市城区河道表层沉积物的磁学性质及其对城市污染的指示意义.结果表明,兰州市城区河道表层沉积物样品磁性特征以亚铁磁性矿物的磁铁矿为主导,同时存在少量赤铁矿和针铁矿贡献.根据参数χFD、χARM、χFD/MS和χARM/MS所指示的人为活动排放物对不同河段沉积物的贡献量将兰州市河流分为3类:末端集中型(排洪沟、寺儿沟、鱼儿沟、水磨沟),源头集中型(七里河、烂泥沟),影响较小型(罗锅沟、大沙沟).与有机质测量结果比较发现,兰州市河道沉积物样品有机质含量与超顺磁颗粒及单畴晶粒具有十分显著的正相关关系,说明了细颗粒磁性矿物对有机碳的富集作用,显示了超顺磁颗粒及单畴颗粒含量作为兰州市城区河道表层沉积物有机质含量的代用指标具有良好的指示意义.     

A new captorhinid reptile, Gansurhinus qingtoushanensis, gen. et sp. nov., from the Permian of China

Captorhinids, a clade of Paleozoic reptiles, are represented by a rich fossil record that extends from the Late Carboniferous into the Late Permian. Representatives of this clade dispersed from the equatorial regions of Laurasia into the temperate regions of Pangea during the Middle and Late Permian. This rich fossil record shows that there was an evolutionary trend from faunivorous to omnivorous and herbivorous feeding habits within this clade. The discovery of well-preserved captorhinid materials in the Middle Permian of China allows us to determine that the new taxon, Gansurhinus qingtoushanensis, gen. et sp. nov, is a member of Moradisaurinae, a clade of captorhinids with multiple tooth rows arranged in parallel. The presence of this moradisaurine in the Middle Permian of south central Asia leads us to suggest that paleogeographic changes during the Permian, with part of what is today China becoming a large peninsula of Pangea, allowed these early reptiles as well as other terrestrial vertebrates to extend their geographic ranges to this region of the Late Paleozoic supercontinent.     

长三角区域城市间一次污染跨界影响

长三角城市群作为我国三大经济圈之一,高强度的能源消耗致使区域大气污染问题十分突出.为了定量弄清城市之间一次污染传输情况,以长三角15个城市的污染排放清单、MM5气象场为基础,利用CALPUFF空气质量模型,模拟测算了长三角区域内城市间一次污染跨界输送影响.结果显示,环太湖地区的上海、苏州、无锡和常州等地由于自身排放强度...     

重点产业源增长对北部湾地区气态污染物模拟的影响

根据污染源普查资料制作北部湾地区2007年人为排放源清单,以及中期/远期参比情景(REF15/REF20)和远期调控情景(SCEi20)下的排放源清单.采用WRF-Chem模拟北部湾地区空气质量现状及未来变化.2007年SO2和NO2月平均质量浓度模拟值与监测值比较吻合.广东、广西(海南)地区污染物质量浓度较高(低)....     

苏州、无锡和南通城市地表灰尘中的有机氯农药

2009年7月在江苏省南部城市苏州,无锡和南通采集了58个城市地表灰尘样品, 使用加速溶剂萃取、气相色谱质谱法测定了样品中的22种有机氯农药(OCPs).结果表明,样品中有19种OCPs被检出,总OCPs含量为76.6mg/kg.六氯苯(HCB)、总滴滴涕(DDTs)和氯丹是样品中检测出的主要OCPs,检出率分别为100%、100%和82.8%,含量分别为26.8mg/kg(0.432~348mg/kg)、39.6mg/kg(1.95~559mg/kg)和6.17mg/kg(ND~145mg/kg).城市地表灰尘样品与中国城市大气样品中检测出OCPs的种类基本一致,而各化合物之间的比例不同.与郊区农田土比较,地表灰尘中检测出的OCPs种类多且含量高.样品中(DDD+DDE)/DDTs的比值显示地表灰尘中的DDT大部分已经降解.城市地表灰尘中的HCB含量较高,工业污染来源可能性较大,工业污染源释放的HCB已经通过大气传输影响到了城区.城市地表灰尘中的反式-氯丹与顺式-氯丹的比值平均为1.94,表明城市中仍有新近使用氯丹的现象.     

Risk assessment on disinfection by-products of drinking water of different water sources and disinfection processes

The occurrences of trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetics (HAAs) in the water supply in Beijing and Canada were investigated. The concentrations of THMs and HAAs in Beijing and Canada were below the maximum contaminant levels specified by the USEPA and WHO standards. The multi-pathway risk assessment (assessed through oral ingestion, dermal absorption and inhalation exposure to drinking water) was used to assess the cancer risk and the hazard index of THMs and HAAs from fifteen waterworks in Beijing, China and three treatment plants using different disinfection processes in Canada. Residents in Beijing and residents who were served by three treatment plants using different disinfection processes in Canada had a higher risk of cancer through oral ingestion than through the other two pathways. The cancer risk resulted from disinfection by-products (DBPs) was 8.50E-05(for males), 9.25E-05(for females) in Beijing, China, while it was 1.18E-04, 1.44E-04 in Canada. The risk was higher when water treatment plants used surface water source than when they used ground water source and mixture water source in Beijing. The risk showed different changes in three treatment plants using different disinfection processes in Canada. The lifetime cancer risk for THMs followed the order: Plant 2>Plant 1>Plant 3. And, the lifetime cancer risk for HAAs was: Plant 1>Plant 2>Plant 3.