混凝法处理ADC发泡剂废水的研究

研究用碱式PAC和PAM处理发泡剂废水,考察了酸度、碱式PAC的用量、搅拌时间、PAM的用量、温度对CODCr去除的影响.实验结果表明:调解废水pH值在5～7之间,能够沉降大部分的悬浮物,出水澄清,CODCr明显降低;废水中加入的碱式PAC最佳量在1 700 mg·L-1,出水水质最好;搅拌时间20 min以上,出水水质基本稳定.     

印染企业开展清洁生产审核的初步分析

我国印染行业数量多，污染严重，通过对清洁生产审核，简要分析了部分印染行业中/高费方案的效益，提出有效的中/高费方案的实施是一条有效的途径。     

环境影响评价有效性及其建设途径探讨

概要综述了环境影响评价有效性研究的进展，从系统和整体角度探讨了ＥＩＡ有效性的涵义，并从加强ＥＩＡ国家能力建设，建立ＥＩＡ有效干预规划及设计程序的交流机制，以及在ＥＩＡ体系中加入有关系落实ＥＩＡ跟进及监察工作的内容等方面，探讨了ＥＩＡ有效性的建设途径。     

几种新型光催化水质净化反应器的探讨

综述了几种新型光催化反应器的结构、特征，讨论各反应器的应用情况和处理效果，对其优缺点进行评价。指出光催化技术与其它成熟水处理技术的耦合是光催化工艺进入实际应用的重要途径。     

纤维素-铝-硅复合物的制备及对重金属离子的吸附

以微晶纤维素为基质 ,制备了带有 NH2 基团的纤维素 -铝 -硅复合物 ,测定了该复合物对水溶液中 Hg2 + 、Cu2 + 的吸附性能。讨论了溶液温度、p H值、金属离子浓度及时间对吸附性能的影响 ,结果表明它对Hg2 +和 Cu2 +具有较高的吸附容量和较快的吸附速度。     

Fate of methidathion residues in biological waste during anaerobic digestion

The aim of this study was to examine the fate of the organothiophosphorus pesticide methidathion during anaerobic digestion of biological waste. Three reactor experiments were conducted under various conditions of temperature, pH and retention time. The influence of pH and temperature as well as the partitioning between solid and aqueous phase were studied in batch experiments. The mesophilic (25, 35 degrees C) reactor experiments showed a decline to about 10% of the maximum methidathion concentration within 30-80 d. In the thermophilic (55 degrees C) reactor experiment, methidathion disappeared within 20 d. The batch experiments showed an abiotic hydrolysis of methidathion over the experiment period of 4 d, accelerated by alkaline conditions (pH 10.5 and 12.8) and high temperatures (55 degrees C). The hydrolysis was also noticeable at a neutral pH, while methidathion was most stable at weakly acid pH values. Methidathion bonded strongly to the biological waste, and the amount released into the water phase was below the maximum aqueous solubility. About 10% of methidathion remained non-extractable. High concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and yeast extract as a model substance for disintegrated cells further reduced the content of methidathion in the water phase, possibly caused by co-sorption to the solid organic matter.     

Atmospheric mineral particles collected at Qira in the Taklamakan Desert, China

Aerosol particles were collected in the situation of the widespread dust suspension on 21 February 1991 at Qira in the southern edge of the Taklamakan Desert, western China. The collected particles were examined by a transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyzer in order to obtain the size and elemental composition of individual mineral particles.On the basis of EDX analyses for 386 particles, mineral particles were present in high number fractions (>99%) of particles in the radius range of 0.1–4 μm. Particles mainly composed of silicates comprised 76% of mineral particles. “Ca-rich” particles were detected in 7% of all the particles. Ca in the particles would be present not only as CaCO₃ but also as an internal mixture of CaCO₃ and CaSO₄. Particles containing halite (NaCl) were detected in number proportions of about 10% and were mainly present in the radius range of 0.5 μm. Some halite particles would be modified by chemical reactions with sulfuric acid.