全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1554篇 |
免费 | 106篇 |
国内免费 | 569篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 118篇 |
废物处理 | 77篇 |
环保管理 | 108篇 |
综合类 | 967篇 |
基础理论 | 239篇 |
污染及防治 | 428篇 |
评价与监测 | 96篇 |
社会与环境 | 122篇 |
灾害及防治 | 74篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 27篇 |
2022年 | 102篇 |
2021年 | 93篇 |
2020年 | 72篇 |
2019年 | 71篇 |
2018年 | 76篇 |
2017年 | 62篇 |
2016年 | 78篇 |
2015年 | 99篇 |
2014年 | 109篇 |
2013年 | 148篇 |
2012年 | 124篇 |
2011年 | 167篇 |
2010年 | 118篇 |
2009年 | 97篇 |
2008年 | 96篇 |
2007年 | 96篇 |
2006年 | 86篇 |
2005年 | 59篇 |
2004年 | 44篇 |
2003年 | 48篇 |
2002年 | 59篇 |
2001年 | 44篇 |
2000年 | 38篇 |
1999年 | 36篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 29篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2229条查询结果,搜索用时 875 毫秒
141.
142.
微生物絮凝剂改善城市污水厂浓缩污泥脱水性能的研究 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
采用酱油曲霉(Aspergillus sojae)产生的微生物絮凝剂(MBF)作为污泥絮凝脱水剂,对城市污水处理厂浓缩污泥进行调理,确定该絮凝剂对浓缩污泥脱水的处理工艺参数为:微生物絮凝液最佳投加体积为6%~8%(体积比),发挥絮凝作用的最适污泥温度为28~32℃,最适pH为6~7。经微生物絮凝剂调理的污泥在3 000 r/min离心9 min,污泥脱水率高达82.7%,滤饼含水率降低至77.3%,污泥脱水后体积减至原来的1/5左右。 相似文献
143.
竹林土壤中甲基对硫磷降解菌的降解效果及其与土壤物理特性的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用实验室控制试验研究了甲基对硫磷降解菌在竹林土壤生态系统中的降解效果及其与土壤物理特性的关系。试验结果表明,邻单胞菌(DLL-1)具有高效性,甲基对硫磷初始浓度为15 mg/kg干土,第5 d竹林土壤上、中和下层的降解率分别为88.6%、85.9%和79.2%,相应的半衰期为2.5、2.84与3.79 d。甲基对硫磷在土壤中的不同粒径范围吸附情况是不同的,从而影响DLL-1菌的降解效果,表现为土壤中粘粒含量与降解率呈显著正相关。孔隙度也是影响降解效果的一个因素,上中下3层的降解率随着孔隙度的减小而降低。 相似文献
144.
Daniel Q. Tong Nicholas Z. Muller Haidong Kan Robert O. Mendelsohn 《Environment international》2009,35(8):1109-1117
Human exposure to ambient ozone (O3) has been linked to a variety of adverse health effects. The ozone level at a location is contributed by local production, regional transport, and background ozone. This study combines detailed emission inventory, air quality modeling, and census data to investigate the source–receptor relationships between nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions and population exposure to ambient O3 in 48 states over the continental United States. By removing NOx emissions from each state one at a time, we calculate the change in O3 exposures by examining the difference between the base and the sensitivity simulations. Based on the 49 simulations, we construct state-level and census region-level source–receptor matrices describing the relationships among these states/regions. We find that, for 43 receptor states, cumulative NOx emissions from upwind states contribute more to O3 exposures than the state's own emissions. In-state emissions are responsible for less than 15% of O3 exposures in 90% of U.S. states. A state's NOx emissions can influence 2 to 40 downwind states by at least a 0.1 ppbv change in population-averaged O3 exposure. The results suggest that the U.S. generally needs a regional strategy to effectively reduce O3 exposures. But the current regional emission control program in the U.S. is a cap-and-trade program that assumes the marginal damage of every ton of NOx is equal. In this study, the average O3 exposures caused by one ton of NOx emissions ranges from ? 2.0 to 2.3 ppm-people-hours depending on the state. The actual damage caused by one ton of NOx emissions varies considerably over space. 相似文献
145.
Incorporating layer- and local-scale heterogeneities in numerical simulation of unsaturated flow and tracer transport 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Feng Pan Ming Ye Jianting Zhu Yu-Shu Wu Bill X. Hu Zhongbo Yu 《Journal of contaminant hydrology》2009,103(3-4):194-205
This study characterizes layer- and local-scale heterogeneities in hydraulic parameters (i.e., matrix permeability and porosity) and investigates the relative effect of layer- and local-scale heterogeneities on the uncertainty assessment of unsaturated flow and tracer transport in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, USA. The layer-scale heterogeneity is specific to hydrogeologic layers with layerwise properties, while the local-scale heterogeneity refers to the spatial variation of hydraulic properties within a layer. A Monte Carlo method is used to estimate mean, variance, and 5th, and 95th percentiles for the quantities of interest (e.g., matrix saturation and normalized cumulative mass arrival). Model simulations of unsaturated flow are evaluated by comparing the simulated and observed matrix saturations. Local-scale heterogeneity is examined by comparing the results of this study with those of the previous study that only considers layer-scale heterogeneity. We find that local-scale heterogeneity significantly increases predictive uncertainty in the percolation fluxes and tracer plumes, whereas the mean predictions are only slightly affected by the local-scale heterogeneity. The mean travel time of the conservative and reactive tracers to the water table in the early stage increases significantly due to the local-scale heterogeneity, while the influence of local-scale heterogeneity on travel time gradually decreases over time. Layer-scale heterogeneity is more important than local-scale heterogeneity for simulating overall tracer travel time, suggesting that it would be more cost-effective to reduce the layer-scale parameter uncertainty in order to reduce predictive uncertainty in tracer transport. 相似文献
146.
The effects of biofilm growth and methane gas generation on water flow in porous media were investigated in an anaerobic two-dimensional sand-filled cell. Inoculation of the lower portion of the cell with a methanogenic culture and addition of methanol to the bottom of the cell led to biomass growth and formation of a gas phase. Biomass distributions in the water and on the sand in the cell were measured by protein analysis. The biofilm distribution on sand was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The formation, migration, distribution and saturation of gases in the cell were visualized by the charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The effects of biofilm and gas generation on water flow were separated by performing one tracer test in the presence of both biofilm and a gas phase and a second tracer test after removal of the gas phase through water flushing. The results of tracer tests demonstrated that flow and transport in the two-dimensional cell were significantly affected by both gas generation and biofilm growth. Gas generated at the bottom of the cell in the biologically active zone moved upwards in discrete fingers, so that gas phase saturations (gas-filled fraction of void space) in the biologically active zone at the bottom of the cell did not exceed 40-50%, while gas accumulation at the top of the cell produced gas phase saturations as high as 80%. The greatest reductions in water phase permeability, based on measurements of reductions in water phase saturations, occurred near the top of the box as a result of the gas accumulation. In contrast the greatest reductions in permeability due to biofilm growth, based on measurements of biofilm thickness, occurred in the most biologically active zone at the bottom of the cell, where gas phase saturations were approximately 40-50%, but permeability reductions due to biofilm growth were estimated to be 80-95%. 相似文献
147.
针对城市化进程加快引发的一系列环境污染问题,指出了加快污染防治设施社会化运营的必要性,并从污染治理设施的种类、污染治理设施的社会化运营分析和运作模式三方面论述了如何进行污染治理设施的社会化运营,从经济发展、污染防治设施运行、引入竞争机制等方面概述了污染防治设施社会化运营对区域环境与经济协调发展的影响。 相似文献
148.
Problem
To simplify the computation of the variance in before-after studies, it is generally assumed that the observed crash data for each entity (or observation) are Poisson distributed. Given the characteristics of this distribution, the observed value (xi) for each entity is implicitly made equal to its variance. However, the variance should be estimated using the conditional properties of this observed value (defined as a random variable), that is, f(xi|μi), since the mean of the observed value is in fact unknown.Method
Parametric and non-parametric bootstrap methods were investigated to evaluate the conditional assumption using simulated and observed data.Results
The results of this study show that observed data should not be used as a substitute for the variance, even if the entities are assumed to be Poisson distributed. Consequently, the estimated variance for the parameters under study in traditional before-after studies is likely to be underestimated.Conclusions
The proposed methods offer more accurate approaches for estimating the variance in before-after studies. 相似文献149.
150.