泥石流灾害的事故树分析方法研究

为了解决泥石流灾害预防工作中的问题,本文通过系统安全工程的事故树分析方法,找到影响泥石流灾害产生的主要因素,构建泥石流灾害事故树图,从最小割集、最小径集、结构重要度三方面全面分析阐述了各基本事件对泥石流发生的影响程度以及它们之间的逻辑关系,找到预防关键因素并结合实际情况,提出预防泥石流灾害的一些建议。该结论为泥石流灾害的预防和治理提供了一定的参考和依据。     

兰聊断裂中南部及周边流动重力前兆异常特征

通过整理和剖析兰聊断裂带中南部及其周边地震重力观测资料,分析研究了兰聊断裂带中南部重力场时空变化及其与地震活动的关系,特别是2003年来兰聊断裂发生的几次ML4级左右地震的前兆特征,研究了强震孕育发生过程重力异常特征及探讨断裂带周边重力特征。     

浅谈挥发性有机废气的处理方法

本文介绍了挥发性有机废气的生物处理方法和技术应用,对在国内外应用较广的吸附法、热破坏法、冷凝法、生物法进行了阐述,通过和其它废气处理工艺进行的经济技术对比,表明了生物处理工艺在其适用范围内的优越性.     

水中挥发酚检测方法初探

酚类属高毒物质,水中挥发酚的含量直接影响人类健康。近10年来,我国研究人员对水中挥发酚的测定方法开展了很多研究,特别对于采用4-氨基安替比林分光光度法(4-AAP)(GB 7490-1987)测定水中挥发酚的各个环节,如样品的采集、保存、预处理、试剂纯度、反应时间控制等相关因素进行了研究,找到了影响含量准确的因素,为测定水中挥发酚的含量提供了快速、准确、重复性好的方法。对一些非国标法测定水中挥发酚的方法也进行了介绍。文章对这些方法进行了分类总结。希望能对实验人员有所帮助。     

Restorating marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goad for integrated catchment management in Tolo Harbour,Hong Kong,China

Abstract

The paper demonstrates why it is necessary to take the restoration of marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goal for integrated catchment management, in coastal area of the Tolo Harbour. The present goal of integrated catchment management (ICM) in the Tolo Harbour is to meet with Water Quality Objectives. The performance of an ICM plan, Tolo Harbour Action Plan (THAP), is evaluated by using marine coastal ecosystem health indicators including stress indicators and responses indicators. Since the implementation of THAP in 1988, some significant reduction in pollution loading has been observed—reduction of 83% of BOD load and 82% of TN between 1988 and 1999. There has been an improvement in the health state of Tolo Harbour marine coastal ecosystem as evidenced in the trends of the physical, chemical and biological indicators, although some reverse fluctuations in some periods exist. However, this can only be considered as the first sign of the ecosystem health restoration, since ecosystem health covers not only physical, chemical and biological aspects of an ecosystem, but also ecosystem-service-function aspect. It is recommended to take the restoration and protection of marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goal, instead of water quality objective management, for integrated catchment management in Tolo Harbour catchment. Steps to further improve the marine coastal ecosystem health of Tolo harbour are discussed in the paper.     

Scientific Basis and Technological Path of Regional Strategic Environmental Assessment

Abstract

The study tries to set up a system to extract strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in exploitation of regional development based on the present situation of environmental assessment in China. First, the article summarizes the emphasis and deficiency of international academic community’s SEA research in the past 10 years. Based on this, the article puts forward the concept and evaluation principles of regional strategic environmental assessment (RSEA). Then the article expounds the necessity of carrying out RSEA. After that, the article discusses in detail the process of RSEA, which includes defining evaluation scope, describing regional background, combing strategic behavior, designing development scenarios, predicting the pressure on environment, assessing environmental impact, screening alternatives and proposing regulation and control schemes.     

Evaluation of the Rural Human Settlement in Shandong Province

Abstract

Taking Shandong Province as the research object, this paper uses the principal component analysis method to evaluate the status of the rural human settlement in Shandong Province. It establishes the evaluation index system of the rural residential environment in Shandong Province, including living environment, economy, infrastructure, public service facilities, and ecological environment, in total five comprehensive index, and 20 secondary indexes. Through measurement and sorting of rural human environment development level of Shandong Province in 2010, the 17 cities are divided into-excellent, good, ordinary, poor-four development areas and are analyzed based on the restriction factor in the development of the region.     

Integrating ecosystem services evaluation and landscape pattern analysis into urban planning based on scenario prediction and regression model

ABSTRACT

Urban planning has become a widely concern for minimizing the negative effects of urban expansion on terrestrial ecosystems. We developed an interdisciplinary modeling framework to evaluate the effectiveness and shortcomings of urban expansion management strategies. A three-step method was applied to Yinchuan Plain in the northwestern of China, including (1) analyzing the relationship between landscape pattern and ecosystem service values through mathematical statistics; (2) predicting landscape pattern and ecosystem services change under different scenarios based on cellular automaton model (SLEUTH-3r model); and (3) designing and validating optimized scenario through integrating historical analysis experiments and future multi-comparison suggestions. Results have suggested that landscape composition and configuration can significantly affect regional ecosystem service values, especially the connectivity and shape of landscape. Compact urban growth policy and medium environment protection policy are the appropriate setting for urban expansion plan. Optimization validation of the combined designed scenario implied the reliability of this method. Our results highlighted the significance of integrating application of landscape pattern analysis, ecosystem service value evaluation, model simulation and multi-scenario prediction in urban planning.     

三峡水库运行初期小江回水区藻类群落季节变化特点

根据对三峡小江(澎溪河)回水区2007年5月～2008年5月藻类的跟踪观测,分析了在水库蓄水运行初期小江回水区藻类的群落结构组成和演替特点.结果发现藻类的细胞密度和生物量春季最高,冬季最低,细胞密度的最高值达到421.64×105cells·L-1,而最低值只有2.06×105cells·L-1;生物量的最高值是39231.84μg·L-1,而最低值为226.17μg·L-1.从2007年5月～2008年5月在小江共鉴定出藻类7门,101属,262种,其中绿藻51属占50.5%、硅藻22属占21.8%、蓝藻18属占17.8%,此外,甲藻4属、隐藻2属、裸藻3属、黄藻及其他1属.隐藻、小球藻、小环藻、栅藻、卵囊藻、衣藻、弓形藻、直链藻、冠盘藻和针杆藻是小江回水区段的常见藻属.星杆藻、直链藻、空星藻、小球藻、栅藻、集星藻、网球藻、鱼腥藻、束丝藻、平裂藻、角甲藻、多甲藻和隐藻等12个藻属是小江回水区不同季节的优势藻属.