固定床PVC燃烧脱氯的机理和试验

研究垃圾组分PVC在焚烧过程中HCl的排放和脱除特性的实验在准等温、电加热的水平石英管反应器中进行.随着床温从700℃升高到900℃,HCl的转化率从82.5%平缓增加到88.3%,而过量空气系数的增加促使部分HCl转化为C1₂(1.9%～4.5%)的形式存在.钙基吸收剂CaCO₃,Ca(OH)₂,Ca(CH₃COO)₂对HCl的脱除效率高达68%～79%,而镁基吸收剂的脱氯效率却低于3%.小的吸收剂粒径、高的Ca/Cl比会促进脱氯效率的提高;烟气中CO₂和H₂O对脱氯效率的影响与它们在反应平衡中所起作用有关.高温下燃烧固氯机理反应的平衡常数的计算不仅诠释了实验结果,而且提供了脱氯吸收剂选择的依据.     

危险废物电镀污泥热处置特性研究

在获取典型危险废物原始电镀污泥的TG、DTG、DTA曲线的基础上,详细地分析了Salts泥的热特性．对不同终温下的焚烧减重率进行了试验,发现在焚烧温度低于700℃之前已经能很好的除去电镀污泥中的水分、有机质和挥发份．通过管式炉模拟实际焚烧炉工况,研究了不同试验条件对电镀污泥中的重金属浸出特性和迁移特性的影响,结果显示高温可以有效地抑制重金属的浸出特性,但对迁移特性的影响各不相同．     

尿素添加剂湿法烟气同时脱硫脱氮工艺实验研究(Ⅱ)

对EA和PA两种添加剂,工艺条件变化对NOx脱除率影响有相同的规律：NOx脱除率不受烟气的浓度变化影响;随烟气的氧化度和吸收反应塔有效高度的增加而迅速增加。对吸收反应温度、尿素和添加剂质量分数、吸收塔有效高度进行正交实验得出最佳工艺条件为：吸收反应温度70℃;吸收塔有效高度1．8m;尿素和添加剂质量分数分别为10％和0．01％。在最佳工艺条件作验证实验得出结果与正交实验得出的结果基本符合,此时SO2脱除率为100%,NOx脱除率大于75％。     

流化床煤焦混烧飞灰富集污染物的研究

针对310t·h-1煤焦混烧循环流化床锅炉,研究了不同工况下飞灰的粒径分布、孔隙结构及重金属、有机物的富集规律.结果表明,煤焦混烧情况下只有不到30%的飞灰粒径大于70μm.随着供氧量的增加、负荷降低、Ca/S比增大.小颗粒飞灰的体积分数增大.不同重金属的转移特性不同,锅炉负荷对重金属分布影响较大.飞灰中3环、4环多环芳烃含量较大,不同因素对各环数多环芳烃分布的影响不同.     

广州市报废机动车回收企业二次污染现状及污染防治对策

界定机动车维修、报废过程中产生的固体废物、废水、土壤污染为机动车二次污染,并通过实地调查、监测分析广州市12家定点报废汽车回收公司,开展机动车二次污染现状研究。研究表明,报废机动车回收过程中对资源化金属的回收利用成效较好,但对用途不大的部件随意渠道转移,对危险废物和严控废物未能较好处理;大多没有完善废水处理设施,废水直接排放;土壤多项特征污染物超标严重。针对广州市机动车二次污染现状,提出了加强法规建设、环境监控、行业管理、清洁生产等防治措施。     

焦炭塔钢丝绳张紧器更换的施工与安全技术

介绍了焦炭塔钢丝绳张紧器更换过程,分析了更换过程中易发生的事故,提出了安全对策。     

人水和谐理念下城市河涌整治的环境社会学思考

导致城市河涌污染和不健康的因素众多,不仅具有生态学的根源,而且还具有社会学的根源。河涌整治已经成为许多城市环境治理的重点。文章依据环境社会学的理论和人水和谐的理念,分析当前河涌整治的模式及优缺点,重点探讨政府、企业、市民、传媒等利益相关者在城市水环境污染与治理中的角色、作用以及相互之间的互动与整合,为城市河涌综合整治建立长效社会机制提供依据。     

Simultaneous oxidation of NO, SO2 and Hg0 from flue gas by pulsed corona discharge

A process capable of oxidizing NO, SO2 and Hg0 was proposed simultaneously, which utilized a high-voltage and short-duration positive pulsed corona discharge. By focusing on NO, SO2, and Hg0 oxidation efficiencies, the influences of pulse peak voltage, pulse frequency, initial concentration, electrode number, residence time and water vapor addition were investigated. The results indicate that NO, SO2 and Hg0 oxidation efficiencies depend primarily on the radicals (OH, HO2, O) and the active species (O3, H2O2), etc. produced by the pulsed corona discharge. The NO, SO2 and Hg0 oxidation efficiencies improved as increasing pulse peak voltage, pulse frequency, electrode number and residence time, while they are reduced with an increasing initial concentration. By adding water vapor, SO2 oxidation efficiency is improved remarkably, while NO oxidation efficiency is decreased slightly. In our experiments, the simultaneous NO, SO2, and Hg0 oxidation efficiencies reached to 40%, 98% and 55% with the initial concentrations 479 mg/m3, 1040 mg/m3, and 15.0 ug/m3, respectively.     

基于文献计量的国内危险化学品信息化监管主题与热点分析*

为提升危化品安全信息化监管建设能力与本质安全水平,通过文献计量法和CiteSpace软件,采用关键词共现和聚类归纳对危化品领域及技术研究趋势进行分析。结果表明:危化品安全信息化监管研究自1998年共经历萌芽、发展、摆动3个阶段,但高质量成果较少;在当前新兴信息技术和传统评价分析技术相结合的新型研究模式下,着重突出物联网、大数据、人工智能、区块链等智能技术占比,是未来危化品信息化监管发展重要途径。     

Moisture distribution in sludges based on di erent testing methods

Moisture distributions in municipal sewage sludge, printing and dyeing sludge and paper mill sludge were experimentally studied based on four di erent methods, i.e., drying test, thermogravimetric-di erential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) test, thermogravimetricdi erential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) test and water activity test. The results indicated that the moistures in the mechanically dewatered sludges were interstitial water, surface water and bound water. The interstitial water accounted for more than 50% wet basis (wb) of the total moisture content. The bond strength of sludge moisture increased with decreasing moisture content, especially when the moisture content was lower than 50% wb. Furthermore, the comparison among the four di erent testing methods was presented. The drying test was advantaged by its ability to quantify free water, interstitial water, surface water and bound water; while TG-DSC test, TG-DTA test and water activity test were capable of determining the bond strength of moisture in sludge. It was found that the results from TG-DSC and TG-DTA test are more persuasive than water activity test.