碲化镉量子点暴露对小鼠凝血相关因子的影响

研究碲化镉量子点(cadmium telluride quantum dots, Cd Te QDs)对小鼠凝血相关因子的影响,进一步探讨QDs的心血管毒性机制。将48只雄性ICR小鼠随机分成6组,每组8只。分别使用不同剂量(0.15μmol·kg~(-1)、1.5μmol·kg~(-1)和15μmol·kg~(-1))的Cd Te QDs和生理盐水一次性经尾静脉注射染毒小鼠1 d,15μmol·kg~(-1)剂量的Cd Te QDs染毒3 d和7 d,检测小鼠血浆中凝血相关因子的含量变化。结果显示,与对照组相比,随着染毒剂量增加小鼠组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)和纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量逐渐增高,组织因子途径抑制物(TFPI)含量逐渐降低,具有明显的剂量-效应关系。除15μmol·kg~(-1)剂量组外,组织因子(TF)、凝血因子XII(FXII)和纤溶酶原(Plg)含量具有升高的趋势,抗凝血酶Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)含量则无明显变化;随着染毒时间增加,TF、FXII、FIB、Plg和t-PA含量有明显的先升高后降低的变化趋势,TFPI含量在1 d达到最低,之后逐渐升高,AT-Ⅲ含量则在7 d达到最低。Cd Te QDs急性染毒可引起小鼠血浆中TF、FXII、FIB、TFPI、Plg和t-PA的含量明显改变,并且具有不同的变化趋势。提示Cd Te QDs可能会激活凝血系统和纤溶系统,抑制抗凝系统,从而引起凝血功能紊乱。     

芹菜赖氨酸加苏氨酸抗性细胞系的选择

用４ｍｍｏｌ－／Ｌ浓度的赖氨酸加苏氨酸作为选择压，经相同浓度液体和固体选择培养基连续选择，从未经诱变处理的芹菜胚性愈伤组织筛选出一个稳定的赖氨酸加苏氨酸抗性细胞系并得到再生植株。抗性细胞系再生植株整株的氨基酸含量比对照组植株高１０倍左右。但是地上部分氨基酸含量，抗性细胞系再生植株比对照植株有所降低。两种植株叶片的细胞色素氧化酶同工酶谱有明显差异，抗性细胞系再生植株有４条谱带，而对照植株只有两条谱带     

南开菊酯微生物降解的研究

南开菊酯(高效反体氯氰菊酯),是一种新型广谱杀虫剂,经研究可被微生物降解。其溶液中细菌总数的消长,与其降解速率呈正相关关系,说明南开菊酯可被微生物分解利用,在研究土壤混合菌对其降解作用的同时,发现筛选出优势菌株(NK102)。     

扬中市地表水的致突变性研究

本研究诮蚕豆根尖微枋试验对扬中市不同水体的遗传毒物污染状况进行了初步调查。结果表明，扬中市水体的遗传毒物污染集中在汇集了乡镇工业废水和生活污水的排污河道和死水沟塘。各主要河道及通江闸口基本没有污染。除新坝大桥处，各样点底泥浸担液的微枋率均高于相应原水样微核率。     

细菌学指标未知样的制备与考核

通过对地面水、医院污水、无菌生理盐水加入标准菌的细菌总数和大肠菌群的稳定性分析，筛选出了适宜测定考核的未知标样：通过现场实际考核，确定了考核结果评价体系及质量保证体系，这将对环境细菌学检测数据的质量起到了监控作用。     

锻造企业信息管理系统的构成及开发

分析锻造企业生产的信息流和物流的规律,建立了相应的数据库,并介绍了锻造企业计算机信息管理MIS系统的开发步骤、原则、功能及主要特色。     

旋转式滗水器的数学模型分析与改进设计

旋转式滗水器是SBR工艺处理法中重要装置.针对其实际运行过程中出现的问题,通过建立旋转式滗水器的数学模型,并进行受力分析,找出了工作中受力的变化规律.在此基础上对其进行了改进设计,经过实际运用表明,理论分析是正确的.这对于SBR工艺处理法的实际运行具有良好的推进作用.     

大气中铁、锰液相催化氧化二氧化硫动力学

研究了ｐｈ在３－５的范围内，大气浓度水平下、铁、锰和铁锰共存时的注相催化氧化的动力学，发现在不同的条件下反应级数，表观反应速率常数和活化能不同，证实了铁，锰对Ｓ（Ⅳ）的液相催化氧化有明显的协同作用，并给出了许多反应体系的经验速率表达式。     

Strategies to combat desertification for the twenty-first century in China

SUMMARY

During the past half century, China has experienced increasingly severe land degradation, soil erosion, and desert expansion. Desertification is affecting one third of China's total territory and the annual accelerating rate of desertification spread is as high as 2460 km² in China. In 1996, China developed a National Action Programme to Combat Desertification (NAP), which is aimed to apply new legal measures and technical approaches to slow down desertification processes and achieve a long-term goal — control desertification and alleviate poverty through continuous efforts to fight against desertification, stabilize mobile dunes, revegetate degraded rangeland and control soil erosion in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas. The long-term and integrated strategies of China's NAP result in encouragement of social participation, legal institutional guarantees, policy making, and establishment of demonstrations/pilot projects to combat desertification at both national and provincial level.     

Similarities and differences of metal distributions in the tissues of molluscs by using multivariate analyses

Multivariate analysis including correlation, multiple stepwise linear regression, and cluster analyses were applied to investigate the heavy metal concentrations (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the different parts of bivalves and gastropods. It was also aimed to distinguish statistically the differences between the marine bivalves and the gastropods with regards to the accumulation of heavy metals in the different tissues. The different parts of four species of bivalves and four species of gastropods were obtained and analyzed for heavy metals. The multivariate analyses were then applied on the data. From the multivariate analyses conducted, there were correlations found between the soft tissues of bivalves and gastropods, but none was found between the shells and the soft tissues of most of the molluscs (except for Cerithidea obtusa and Puglina cochlidium). The significant correlations (P < 0.05) found between the soft tissues were further complemented by the multiple stepwise linear regressions where heavy metals in the total soft tissues were influenced by the accumulation in the different types of soft tissues. The present study found that the distributions of heavy metals in the different parts of molluscs were related to their feeding habits and living habitats. The statistical approaches proposed in this study are recommended for use in biomonitoring studies, since multivariate analyses can reduce the cost and time involved in identifying an effective tissue to monitor the heavy metal(s) bioavailability and contamination in tropical coastal waters.