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561.
Low bone density and renal dysfunction following environmental cadmium exposure in China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents the main findings of a study on health effects of environmental cadmium pollution in China, performed in 1998, i.e. approximately 25 years after the first warnings of such effects were published in Ambio. Forearm bone mineral density (BMD) and renal dysfunction were assessed in population groups exposed to cadmium via rice. Decreased BMD was found in postmenopausal women with elevated urinary cadmium (CdU) or cadmium in blood (CdB) and among men with elevated CdB. Also, clear and statistically significant dose-effect and dose-response relationships were found between CdB or CdU and renal dysfunction (increased excretion of retinol-binding protein). This is the first report of bone effects among Cd-exposed population groups in Asia outside Japan. The report is also of interest since it demonstrates that bone effects, a comparatively severe adverse health effect of Cd, in combination with renal dysfunction, still occurs in environmentally exposed population groups in Asia. Recent reports on bone effects in Cd-exposed population groups in Europe are discussed. 相似文献
562.
Urban grasslands not only provide a recreational venue for urban residents, but also sequester organic carbon in vegetation and soils through photosynthesis, and release carbon dioxide through respiration, which largely contribute to carbon storage and fluxes at regional and global scales. We investigated organic carbon and nitrogen pools in subtropical turfs and found that dissolved organic carbon(DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)were regulated by several factors including microbial activity which is indicated by soil enzymatic activity. We observed a vertical variation and different temporal patterns in both soil DOC, DON and enzyme activities, which decreased significantly with increasing soil depths. We further found that concentration of soil DON was linked with turf age. There were correlations between grass biomass and soil properties, and soil enzyme activities. In particular, soil bulk density was significantly correlated with soil moisture and soil organic carbon(SOC). In addition, DOC correlated significantly with DON. Significant negative correlations were also observed between soil total dissolved nitrogen(TDN) and grass biomass of Axonopus compressus and Zoysia matrella. Specifically, grass biomass was significantly correlated with the soil activity of urease and β-glucosidase. Soil NO3-N concentration also showed negative correlations with the activity of both β-glucosidase and protease but there were no significant correlations between cellulase and soil properties or grass biomass. Our study demonstrated a relationship between soil C and N dynamics and soil enzymes that could be modulated to enhance SOC pools through management and maintenance practices. 相似文献
563.
研究了在溴化十六烷基吡啶存在下,邻硝基苯基荧光酮与铝显色反应的条件,结果表明,在pH5.0的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,A1(Ⅲ)与邻硝基苯基荧光酮生成一种玫瑰红色给合物,其最大吸收波长在559nm,摩尔吸光系数为7.82×104,比耳定律范围0~10μg/25ml,拟定了测定饮茶、饮水中微量铝的方法,结果令人满意。 相似文献
564.
利用HFS 1型深度光氧化废水处理设备对活性艳蓝K3R、酸性红 3B、活性黑KNB、酸性红A、直接耐酸大红4BS等 5种染料的水溶液和多菌灵农药废水进行了深度光氧化处理。结果表明 :(1)染料在处理 5min后 ,脱色率都在 90 %以上 ;处理 15min后 ,CODCr的去除率除活性艳蓝K3R较低外 ,其余的都在 80 %以上 ;BOD5/CODCr的值都有所增大。 (2 )多菌灵农药废水 (经稀释 )处理 4 0min后CODCr的去除率为 5 7.0 % ,BOD5/CODCr的值由 0 .2 0增加到 0 .4 4。 (3)采用深度光氧化 -絮凝的工艺处理多菌灵农药废水 ,CODCr的去除率为 5 7.5 %。 相似文献
565.
国内外多氯联苯处理技术综述 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
简要介绍了目前国内外对多氯联苯的处理技术并比较其优缺点,以期对我国在多氯联苯处理方面的研究和应用提供有益的参考。 相似文献
566.
中国自然生态优越但脆弱。农业历史悠久,但盲目扩大农耕造成生态破坏,威胁生态安全与可持续发展。由于中国古代农牧业分区发展,农耕灌溉施肥,精耕细作,保护了土地资源。农业中心由黄河流域逐步迁移到长江流域,维持了可持续发展,但经验教训十分深刻。 相似文献
567.
孔繁德 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2003,13(2):14-16
中荷水处理示范研究培训中心是中荷合作的产物,今后将对中国各城市污水处理技术人员、高校师生等进行培训,为建设和管理污水处理厂提供技术咨询,开展污水处理新技术的开发与推广,并开展对内对外的合作与交流。 相似文献
568.
569.
基于顶板离层监测的锚固巷道稳定性控制 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
在提出顶板离层概念的基础上 ,对顶板离层与锚固系统的变形协调条件以及离层临界值、失稳临界值及工程估计值的确定进行了分析 ;通过实例 ,说明了离层监测与反馈的应用 ;工程实践表明 ,采用顶板离层监测是锚固巷道稳定性控制的简易技术手段 ,其技术经济效果明显 ,是一种值得推广的实用方法 相似文献
570.