Zn2+对黄瓜发芽期生理特性的影响

锌是植物必需的营养元素,同时也是一种常见的环境有毒重金属元素.以黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)为试验材料,设置不同Zn2 处理(0、25、50、100、200、300 mg·L-1),利用发芽和出苗试验,研究了Zn2 对黄瓜发芽期生理特性的影响.结果显示,低处理(0～25 mg·L-1)对黄瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长有促进作用,当为25 mg·L-1时最有利于黄瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长,其种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、根长、下胚轴长、下胚轴粗度和相对含水量均高于对照及其他浓度处理;幼苗相对电导率、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量、SOD活性及POD活性均在此浓度得到最低.但从50 mg·L-1开始,随着增加,黄瓜种子萌发的各项指标开始下降,幼苗生长的各项生理指标开始上升,对黄瓜种子发芽和幼苗生长产生抑制作用,并在300 mg·L-1时抑制作用得到最大.该研究为进一步研究农业生态整治与安全高效利用提供理论基础.     

血清对Hela细胞内硫醇浓度和甲醛诱导性DNA-蛋白质交联（DPC）的影响

吸入性甲醛如何将其遗传毒性从呼吸器官经血液转移全身?这是揭示"甲醛致白血病"这个科学问题的关键.以新生牛血清(NBS)为"模拟血液",以Hela细胞为实验材料,采用体外甲醛染毒实验,研究了培养基血清对细胞内硫醇浓度,以及对甲醛诱导性DNA-蛋白质交联(DPC)的影响.结果表明,当培养基中未添加血清时,250μmol·L-1甲醛仅引起较低水平的交联效应,同时细胞内硫醇浓度水平也较低;而加入1%和10%新生牛血清以后,甲醛诱导的DPC均显著上升(p<0.01,p<0.05),同时细胞内硫醇浓度水平也显著上升(p<0.05,p<0.01).培养基中新生牛血清能够再生Hela细胞内的硫醇,同时促进细胞DPC的形成.这可能为理解甲醛远距离毒性,解释吸入甲醛是否能导致白血病提供了基础.     

Relationship between sludge settleability and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor

The evolution of activated sludge settleability and its relationship to membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor were studied at a lab-scale equipment fed with synthetic wastewater. It was found that sludge volume index (SVI) gradually increased and the sludge settleability was reduced, which was caused by the propagation of filamentous bacteria. With increasing SVI, the average increasing rate of trans-membrane pressure increased, the stable filtration period was shortened, and the two stages (smooth stage and accelerating stage) of the trans-membrane pressure were more obvious. At the same time, the increasing rate of trans-membrane pressure at the smooth stage decreased and the rate at the accelerating stage increased with SVI, respectively. The observation by using scanning electronic microscopes showed the cake layer with loose structure and large thickness formed on the membrane surface due to the appearance of filamentous bacteria and high SVI in sludge. Influence of the sludge settleability on the trans-membrane pressure was related to the structure and thickness of the cake layer on the membrane.     

移动电话的电磁辐射对人体伤害及其预防措施的探讨

随着移动电话的迅速普及 ,由其产生的电磁辐射对人体健康的影响已成为人们关心的热门话题。笔者就移动电话的电磁辐射对人体的伤害及其有关预防措施进行探讨。旨在提醒人们正确使用手机 ,尽量减少手机辐射对人体健康的影响 ,起到宣传教育和指导作用     

外源Cd、Cd - Zn复合污染对绿豆苗的影响

采用盆栽试验,分别向磁器口土样(土壤1)、校园土样(土壤2)中添加不同质量比的Cd及不同质量比的Zn+ Cd(20 mg/kg),研究不同质量比外源CA及Zn+Cd(20 mg/kg)复合污染对两种土壤中绿豆苗株高及绿豆苗吸收Cd的影响.结果表明:单一外源不同质量比Cd污染绿豆苗时,生长期为7d的绿豆苗株高较对照组有明显下降,随Cd污染加剧,绿豆苗生长受到抑制,随生长期延长而其危害加剧;随Cd污染的加剧,绿豆苗中Cd质量比增加,并呈正相关性,相同污染水平下,生长期为7d的绿豆苗Cd质量比均大于生长期为3d的;在不同污染水平下,土壤1的绿豆苗株高高于土壤2,其绿豆苗Cd质量比低于土壤2;Zn+ Cd(20 mg/kg)复合污染时,株高较对照组矮,绿豆苗中Cd质量比随着Zn质量比增加而增加,呈正相关,表现为协同作用;对比土壤1和土壤2,土壤2的株高较低,但其绿豆苗中Cd质量比在不同水平下均高于土壤1.     

含油污泥处理新技术与设备研究

针对辽河油田含油污泥处理现状,经过科研攻关、工艺优选,研制出高效、环保的处理工艺技术和设备,通过该技术的核心设备"三相分离器"分离含油污泥各种杂质,再进行综合利用。结果表明:该项技术与设备对含油污泥处理彻底,综合利用率高,同时具有实用性强、操作性好及良好的环境效益和经济效益。     

松花江流域生物完整性时空变化分析

采用大型底栖动物生物完整性指数(B-IBI)法对松花江流域的水生态环境质量进行研究分析。结果表明,2015年松花江流域各点位水生态环境质量17.24%为优、10.34%为良好、24.14%为一般、41.38%为较差、6.90%为很差。与2012年松花江流域水生态环境质量的比较和趋势分析表明,松花江干流下游、第二松花江、松花江支流的水生态质量均出现不同程度的改善,松花江干流下游改善尤为显著,松花江干流上游生态质量基本保持不变,嫩江水生态质量有下降迹象。流域总体水生态环境质量得到进一步改善,总物种数和清洁指示类群EPT丰度均有增加。     

Removal and transformation of organic matters in domestic wastewater during lab-scale chemically enhanced primary treatment and a trickling filter treatment

To find a simple and economical way for treating the domestic wastewater in small counties and towns, a process combining chemically enhanced primary treatment and a trickling filter (CEPT-TF, representing the physical and biological effects) was constructed and operated in laboratory conditions. The characteristic behaviors of dissolved organic matter in raw wastewater and effluents were examined during steady-state operation. Experimental results showed that the process of CEPT and TF in series was beneficial for the removal of hydrophobic and hydrophilic organics. Specially, the hydrophobic and aromatic materials could be preferentially removed in the CEPT unit, and the hydrophilic fraction in the TF. Structural changes of the organic fractions during the operation of the different units were also characterized via spectrum analysis.