全文获取类型
收费全文 | 28690篇 |
免费 | 342篇 |
国内免费 | 344篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 721篇 |
废物处理 | 1576篇 |
环保管理 | 4402篇 |
综合类 | 4012篇 |
基础理论 | 7841篇 |
环境理论 | 11篇 |
污染及防治 | 6635篇 |
评价与监测 | 2089篇 |
社会与环境 | 1930篇 |
灾害及防治 | 159篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 93篇 |
2022年 | 178篇 |
2021年 | 185篇 |
2020年 | 194篇 |
2019年 | 172篇 |
2018年 | 1722篇 |
2017年 | 1609篇 |
2016年 | 1569篇 |
2015年 | 484篇 |
2014年 | 501篇 |
2013年 | 1666篇 |
2012年 | 1127篇 |
2011年 | 2235篇 |
2010年 | 1397篇 |
2009年 | 1389篇 |
2008年 | 1748篇 |
2007年 | 2094篇 |
2006年 | 826篇 |
2005年 | 703篇 |
2004年 | 719篇 |
2003年 | 708篇 |
2002年 | 698篇 |
2001年 | 706篇 |
2000年 | 567篇 |
1999年 | 340篇 |
1998年 | 259篇 |
1997年 | 253篇 |
1996年 | 258篇 |
1995年 | 303篇 |
1994年 | 237篇 |
1993年 | 248篇 |
1992年 | 209篇 |
1991年 | 194篇 |
1990年 | 197篇 |
1989年 | 199篇 |
1988年 | 170篇 |
1987年 | 147篇 |
1986年 | 169篇 |
1985年 | 168篇 |
1984年 | 221篇 |
1983年 | 174篇 |
1982年 | 199篇 |
1981年 | 181篇 |
1980年 | 158篇 |
1979年 | 166篇 |
1978年 | 111篇 |
1977年 | 109篇 |
1975年 | 93篇 |
1974年 | 100篇 |
1972年 | 102篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 241 毫秒
221.
We have determined the activity of alkaline phosphatase in chorionic villous tissue obtained in the first trimester of pregnancy, in order to obtain the normal range of values as a prerequisite for application to the prenatal diagnosis of the rare bone disease hypophosphatasia. The activities found were a combination of intestinal and liver/bone/kidney types; traces of placental type were present in only one sample. 相似文献
222.
Prenatal counselling for fetal agenesis of the corpus callosum is difficult as the prognosis until now has been so uncertain. We have reviewed the current world English literature to provide the best probabilistic information for prospective parents. In total, there are 70 cases where the diagnosis was made prenatally. The diagnosis of apparently isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum (in the absence of other sonographically detectable anomalies) appears to carry an excellent prognosis, with an 85 per cent chance of a normal developmental outcome and a 15 per cent risk of handicap. Fetal karyotyping is recommended as there is a 1 in 10 risk of aneuploidy. If other anomalies are detected prenatally, the outcome is very poor. Termination of pregnancy is advised in these circumstances. 相似文献
223.
224.
Hopanoids are pentacyclic triterpenoid lipids occurring in bacteria. They are synthesized from isopentenyl units which are
formed in a new biosynthetic route leading to isopentenyl diphosphate. Six C5 units are joined to form squalene, the immediate precursor in hopanoid synthesis. In a highly complex cyclization reaction
that shares considerable similarities with that of oxidosqualene to sterols, the hopane skeleton is formed from squalene by
the squalene-hopene cyclase. Recent elucidation of the X-ray structure of this membrane-bound cyclase has shed some light
on the properties of this unusual enzyme. The active site is located in a cavity within the enzyme. The squalene substrate
diffuses through a channel structure from the membrane into this cavity and is there transformed into hopene. Polar side chains
are attached to hopene resulting in the amphiphilic molecular structure of many hopanoids. These hopanoids are membrane components
involved in regulating membrane fluidity and stability. However, the many structural variants of hopanoids indicate that they
may have other interesting but as yet unknown functions. 相似文献
225.
In 1964, Walter Rothenbuhler proposed a two-gene model to explain phenotypic variance in the remarkable behavior in which honey bee workers remove dead brood from their colonies. Rothenbuhler's model proposed that one locus controls the uncapping of brood cells containing dead pupae, while a second controls the removal of the cell contents. We show here, through molecular techniques and quantitative trait loci (QTL) linkage mapping, that the genetic basis of hygienic behavior is more complex, and that many genes are likely to contribute to the behavior. In our cross, we detected seven suggestive QTLs associated with hygienic behavior. Each detected QTL controlled only 9-15% of the observed phenotypic variance in the character. 相似文献
226.
G.L. Feng J. Letey A.C. Chang M. Campbell Mathews 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2005,110(3-4):219-229
Large scale dairy operations are common. In many cases the manure is deposited on a paved surface and then removed with a flushing system, after which the solids are separated, the liquid stored in ponds, and eventually the liquid applied on adjacent crop land. Management of liquid manure to maximize the fertilizer value and minimize water quality degradation requires knowledge of the interactive effects of mineralization of organic N (ON) to NH4+, crop uptake of mineral N, and leaching of NO3− on a temporal basis. The purpose of the research was to use the ENVIRO-GRO model to simulate how the amount of applied N, timing of N application, ON mineralization rates, chemical form of N applied, and irrigation uniformity affected (1) yields of corn (Zea mays) in summer and a forage grass in winter in a Mediterranean climate and (2) the amount of NO3− leached below the root zone. This management practice is typical for dairies in the San Joaquin Valley of California. The simulations were conducted for a 10-year period. Steady state conditions, whereby an equivalent amount of N applied in the organic form will be mineralized in a given year, are achieved more rapidly for materials with high mineralization rates. Both timing and total quantity of N application are important in affecting crop yield and potential N leaching. Major conclusions from the simulations are as follows. Frequent low applications are preferred to less frequent higher applications. Increasing the amount of N application increased both the crop yield and the amount of NO3− leached. Increasing irrigation uniformity increased crop yields but had variable effects on the amount of NO3− leached. A winter forage crop following a summer corn crop effectively reduced the leaching of residual soil N following the corn crop. 相似文献
227.
Population differences in anti-predator behaviour have been demonstrated in several species, although less is known about the genetic basis of these traits. To determine the extent of genetic differences in boldness (defined as exploration of a novel object) and shoaling within and between zebrafish (Danio rerio) populations, and to examine the genetic basis of shoaling behaviour in general, we carried out a study that involved laboratory-raised fish derived from four wild-caught populations. Controlling for differences in rearing environment, significant inter-population differences were found in boldness but not shoaling. A larger shoaling experiment was also performed using one of the populations as the basis of a North Carolina type II breeding design (174 fish in total) to estimate heritability of shoaling tendency. A narrow-sense heritability estimate of 0.40 was obtained, with no apparent dominance effects. 相似文献
228.
229.
Emanuela Terzian Jillian Boreham Howard S. Cuckle Nicholas J. Wald Martin Bobrow Richard Lindenbaum A. C. Turnbull 《黑龙江环境通报》1985,5(6):401-414
A survey was conducted of the results of mid-trimester diagnostic amniocenteses in the Oxford Region from 1974 to 1981. The survey used data relating to all 4357 singleton pregnancies in which an amniocentesis was performed during this period. Follow-up information on outcome was obtained in respect of 4284 (98 per cent) pregnancies. A cell culture to determine karyotype and an alpha-fetoprotein determination was carried out in all cases. From 1974 to 1981 amniocenteses became increasingly common, rising from 2 to 32 per 1000 births. The most common indication for amniocentesis was a high risk of a chromosome abnormality–56 per cent of all amniocenteses. Within this group advanced maternal age was responsible for 89 per cent of the cases. The next most common indication was a high risk of a neural tube defect (37 per cent of all amniocenteses)–in 1974 a raised maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein level accounted for only 4 per cent of these; by 1981 this had risen to 67 per cent. There were seven false-positive and 132 true-positive diagnoses of neural tube defect; since 1981, with the introduction of amniotic fluid acetylocholinesterase determination as a secondary diagnostic test for neural tube defects, there have been no further false-positive diagnoses. In 1981 76 per cent of women aged 35 years or more did not have an amniocentesis. It is not known to what extent this was due to not offering women in this age group amniocentesis or to women not accepting such an offer. 相似文献
230.
Egyptian Blue, a multicomponent synthetic blue pigment has been recorded in ancient Egypt since the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom (2600–2480 B.C.). The pigment consisting of cuprorivaite (CaCuSi4O10) with variable amounts of wollastonite (CaSiO3), Cu-rich glass and cuprite (Cu3O) or tenorite (CuO) was prepared by melting the copper-rich ingredient with lime and desert sand. Low melting temperatures (below 742 °C) were achieved by addition of flux-like plant ashes. The high quality of the pigments collected from monuments of the Fifth Dynasty (2480–2320 B.C.) may indicate that the first manufacture was in early dynastic or perhaps predynastic eras. During the reign of Thutmosis III (18th Dynasty, 1490–1436 B.C.) probably bronze filings were first applied as starting material, thus indicating a technological innovation. This new method was employed till the Roman times. 相似文献