尼日利亚中部中生代花岗岩类的钾长石三斜度和痕量元素含量

<正> 尼日利亚的中生代年轻花岗岩区以具有不同程度锡矿化的火山杂岩和次生火山杂岩为特征。在广泛寻找原生矿床工作中,已利用矿物和地球化学的参数来圈定无矿和矿化花岗岩。锡矿化与这个岩区中的黑云母花岗岩、钠长石     

沸石工业成因类型

<正> 天然沸石在工农业各个部门以及在解决自然保护任务方面已得到日益广泛的应用。近年来,在美国、日本、保加利亚、匈牙利等许多国家均发现了大型的沸石矿床。同样,在苏联     

南非早元古代德兰士瓦系古土壤和泥铁岩中的层状金矿化

<正> 引言本文所述层状金矿化作用局限于几千米厚的约22亿年的德兰士瓦系比勒陀利亚群岩石中。比勒陀利亚群主要由页岩和石英岩及一些基性火山岩夹层组成。该地层位于构造盆地内,常有轻度变形,并有辉绿岩床的侵入。比勒陀利亚群最下部的火山岩单元是赫克普特组     

20世纪末矿物学的任务

对过去十年中苏联矿物学领域取得的成就作了肯定,指出了苏联矿物学发展中某些不足之处和急待加强或改进之处。为了加速苏联国民经济各部门的科技发展,提出了下列几方面的矿物学任务:研究方法的任务,矿物种类和变种的研究任务,发展成因矿物学的任务、标型矿物学任务和有关矿物学概念和术语的几点意见。     

菲律宾吕宋岛三描礼士蛇绿岩中的耐火型和冶金型铬铁矿石

<正> 序言豆荚状蛇绿岩型铬铁矿床是高级冶金型铬铁矿石(Cr_2O_3 45—60wt%)的重要来源,并且是耐火型铬铁矿石(Al_2O_3最低为25wt%,Cr_2O_3+Al_2O_3最低为60wt%,FeO最高为15     

城市及其遗产:保存的根源和条件

城市遗产的保存和利用将都市管理的负责人置于艰难选择的境地.下面的文字对城市的构 成进行了简短的历史回顾，得出了在场所利用及其保存之间保持平衡发展条件.     

磷、磷块岩与前寒武纪-寒武纪交界时期生物骨骼的演化

<正> 前寒武纪-寒武纪交界时期发生的从软体动物到介壳动物的变化,是地质记录中最引人注目、最重要而又了解最少的事件之一。关于这一事件(通常被称为寒武纪生物激增或寒武纪辐射(radiation)事件)的起因,一直是众多推测的对象。可能的解释包括:大气氧含量达到临界水平或大气中二氧化碳浓度降低;由于世界范围的海侵形成了新的浅海生态环境;由     

A comparative study on emergent pollutants photo-assisted degradation using ruthenium modified titanate nanotubes and nanowires as catalysts

Several methods have been used to tailor nanomaterials structure and properties.Sometimes,slight changes in the structure outcomes expressive improvements in the optical and photocatalytic properties of semiconductor nanoparticles.In this context,the influence of the metal doping and the morphology on a catalyst performance was studied in this work.Here,ruthenium doped titanate nanotubes(RuTNT) were synthesised for the first time using an amorphous Ru-containing precursor.Afterwards,the photocatalytic performance of this sample was compared to the one obtained for ruthenium titanate nanowires(RuTNW),recently reported.Two samples,RuTNW and RuTNT,were produced using the same Ru-containing precursor but distinct hydrothermal methodologies.The powders were structural,morphological and optical characterized by X-ray diffraction and fluorescence,transmission electron microscopy,Raman,X-ray photoelectron and photoluminescence spectroscopies.Distinct variations on the structural and optical properties of the RuTNT and RuTNW nanoparticles,due to ruthenium incorporation were observed.Their potential use as photocatalysts was evaluated on the hydroxyl radical photo-assisted production.Both samples were catalytic for this reaction,presenting better performances than the pristine counterparts,being RuTNT the best photocatalyst.Subsequently,the degradation of two emergent pollutants,caffeine and sulfamethazine,was studied.RuTNT demonstrated to be better photocatalyst than RuTNW for caffeine but identical performances were obtained for sulfamethazine.For both catalysts,the degradation mechanism of the pollutants was explored through the identification and quantification of the intermediate compounds produced and several differences were found.This indicates the importance of the structural and morphological aspects of a material on its catalytic performance.     

对美国金矿业基础的评价

<正> 引言1969年,美国对美元作了自动贬值。这一行动导致黄金价格在随后的4年里失去了控制,同时也使美国金矿业得到了复苏。本世纪70年代出现的极度通货膨胀导致了贵金属价格的急剧上涨。因此,人们对金矿的勘探和开采产生了日益增长的兴趣。少数幸存下来的采金者开始焕发了热情,他们都是在金价格长期固定不变而采金成本不断增加的情况下,靠勉强能维持收支平衡的利