浅谈我国农村环保法制建设

就我国现行的环保法律法规存在问题，以及对农村环保事业发展的影响进行了探讨，提出了健全和完善我国农村环保法制的设想．以促进农村环境保护的可持续发展。     

聚合氯化铝与三氯化铁混凝剂在常规水处理中的运用

通过聚合氯化铅与三氯化铁在常规水处理的生产性实验,从经济成本、水质指标和实际使用存在的问题对其进行分析比较,并比较了两种混凝剂在常规水处理中的优缺点.     

用生物促生剂修复受污染底泥的试验研究

通过定期向受污染底泥中注入生物促生剂进行底泥修复的试验,监测上覆水体的水质指标,并观察表层底泥微生物的生长情况.试验结果表明,将生物促生剂直接注射到底泥中能很好地刺激底泥中原有异养菌的生长,并对反硫化细菌的生长起抑制作用.在为期60d的试验中,异氧菌数量提高了一个数量级,由105个·g-1(以干泥计)提高到106个·g-1(以干泥计);反硫化细菌数量则大大减少,由试验初始阶段的120000个·g-1(以干泥计)到试验结束后的小于2000个·g-1(以干泥计).但是,上覆水中的氮、磷、CODCr等指标含量较高.     

Effects of environmental factors on the production and release of matrix-bound phosphine from lake sediments

Effects of pH, temperature, and oxygen on the production and release of phosphine in eutrophic lake sediments were investigated under laboratory tests. Results indicated that the elimination of matrix-bound phosphine was accelerated under initial pH 1 or 12. Phosphine levels could reach maximum under initial pH 10. The contents of phosphine increased with the addition of alkali under pH 4–12. The rates of phosphine production and release from lake sediments varied with temperature. 20°C was the most favorable temperature for the production of matrix-bound phosphine. Oxygen showed little effect on matrix-bound phosphine. Matrix-bound phosphine concentrations in lake sediments were concluded to be dependent on a balance of natural generation and depletion processes. Translated from Acta Scientise Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(5): 681–685 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

Acid resistance of methanogenic bacteria in a two-stage anaerobic process treating high concentration methanol Wastewater

In this study, the two-stage upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) system and batch experiments were employed to evaluate the performance of anaerobic digestion for the treatment of high concentration methanol wastewater. The acid resistance of granular sludge and methanogenic bacteria and their metabolizing activity were investigated. The results show that the pH of the first UASB changed from 4.9 to 5.8 and 5.5 to 6.2 for the second reactor. Apparently, these were not the advisable pH levels that common methanogenic bacteria could accept. The methanogenic bacteria of the system, viz. Methanosarcina barkeri, had some acid resistance and could still degrade methanol at pH 5.0. If the methanogenic bacteria were trained further, their acid resistance would be improved somewhat. Granular sludge of the system could protect the methanogenic bacteria within its body against the impact of the acidic environment and make them degrade methanol at pH 4.5. The performance of granular sludge was attributed to its structure, bacteria species, and the distribution of bacterium inside the granule. Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2004, 24(4): 633–636 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

Spatial distribution of ecological security status assessment of West-Liaohe River based on geographic information system

Eco-security assessment is a hot research area in resource and environmental science, which involves data with much spatial, non-linear, and random features. Geographic information system (GIS), as a useful tool to analyze and manage spatial information, has a superior advantage in this field. A case study in the western part of the Liaohe River featuring a method of eco-security spatial differences (ESSD) based on GIS is developed in this paper. The method includes four steps: 1) developing the pressure-state-response (P-S-R) framework with site data; 2) digitizing West-Liaohe River and setting its GRID database of ecosecurity assessment indicators; 3) figuring out the relative membership degree (RMD) of eco-security indicators by using the analytical hierarchy process with the weight of indicator; 4) classifying the security zone and mapping the assessment result of eco-security status in grid by GIS method of assigning and clustering. The visual spatial differences of eco-security based on GIS enables decision makers to know the status of eco-security better in making policies for achieving sustainability. __________ Translated from Environmental Science, 2005, 26(5): 28–33 [译自: 环境科学]     

间歇式加煤锅炉SO2的定电位电解法测试技术探讨

针对间歇式加煤锅炉SO2的排放特性和平均排放浓度测试，结合两种常用的智能烟气分析仪，列举定电位电解法在实际测试中的应用情况以及不同测试分析仪器的功能性特点，指出当前在实际测试过程中存在的人为随意性和易出现的测试误差，提出消除和减少误差的相应对策。     

钢结构件生产加工项目环境影响评价技术浅议

介绍了钢结构件生产加工项目环境影响评价中工程分析、污染防治措施以及清洁生产等方面的环境影响评价要点，以期为同类项目的环境影响评价、污染治理和环境管理提供参考。     

调引太湖水改善苏州市水动力条件研究

基于苏州地区独特的地理位置,简述引水改善该地区水环境的必要性,拟定了3种调水方案,利用感湖河网数学模型,对3种方案调水后主要河道的水动力条件进行预测,分析了各河道调水后的水动力变化趋势,提出了利用太湖水自流引水改善苏州市水环境的最佳方案.     

某电镀厂附近农田土壤中的重金属形态研究

通过连续提取法对电镀废水污染区和对照区农田土壤中的重金属元素Cu、Cr、Ni、Pb和Mn形态进行了研究.结果显示,污染区土壤中多种形态的Cu、Cr和Ni含量都显著高于对照区,尤其以它们的有机结合态差异最为显著.污染区较对照区土壤中Mn的总量虽无显著差异,但可交换态Mn的含量显著增加(分别为98.68mg/kg和40.75mg/kg).污染区与对照区土壤中的Pb的交换态、碳酸盐结合态、Fe-Mn氧化物结合态、有机结合态和残留态均无显著差异.电镀废水的污染使得农田土壤中Cu、Cr和Ni含量和生物有效性显著升高,Mn的化学形态改变,移动性和生物有效性增加.