TTC－脱氢酶活性检测方法的研究

以好氧消化污泥为材料，对影响脱氢酶活性测定的样品前处理、生化培养、酶反应终止剂、三苯基甲Ｚａ（ＴＦ）苯取剂以及萃取条件等问题进行了系统地研究，进而提出了检测脱氢酶活性的常温萃取测定法。这种方法已在剩余污泥好氧消化处理、生物转盘处理生物制品废水以及陶粒柱反应器低温生物预处理饮用水等研究中应用，效果良好。     

明渠潮流中垂向紊动射流流场的数值模拟

选用ｋ－ε双方程紊流模型，对自由水面做“动”刚盖假设，建立了明渠潮流中垂向射流流场的数学模型，根据潮汐流动返复回荡的特点，对离散方程组的求解采用“跟踪扫描”逐行求解法，保护和加快了解的收敛，计算了５种不同回荡周期情况下射流流场的变化过程，预报回流区高度与实测值吻合。分析了潮汐非恒定性的影响，获得了一些有益的结论。     

无汞电池浸出液对种子萌发与植物生长影响的初步探索

很多人认为无汞电池是"绿色电池",对环境的危害小,而且我国的电池回收利用技术尚不成熟,回收处理代价较大.所以各级政府和相关部门对回收处理废旧电池积极性较低.为论证无汞废旧电池浸出液对植物早期生长的影响,通过对比较典型的黄豆、玉米和大白菜在无汞电池环境下种子萌发率及幼苗早期生长形态、平均株高和平均增高的观察统计.结果表明:无汞电池浸出液对植物早期生长有着很大的影响.建议政府环保部门在近期出台相关政策文件,动员和号召各级政府和相关部门做好废旧电池的回收工作,积极引进、开发废旧电池处理先进工艺和技术.     

Fe3+催化氧化S(Ⅳ)反应机理初探

通过分析酸性条件下(pH为1～3),Fe3 催化氧化S(Ⅳ)过程中溶液吸光度变化的趋势,对Fe3 催化氧化S(Ⅳ)的反应机理进行了初步推导.实验证明,液相中该反应机理主要是催化氧化与自由基反应相结合,O2的存在对于反应有重要作用,O-2的生成是S(Ⅳ)被氧化的关键;当水中溶解氧接近耗尽时,反应进程发生改变.当Fe3 、S(Ⅳ)浓度增加,自由基生成量增加时,有利于反应进行;作为反应产物,Fe2 、S(Ⅵ)浓度增加,反应推动力减小,反应速率降低;同时Fe2 、SO24-可以与溶液中的其它物质形成配合物,影响了Fe3 -S(Ⅳ)配合物的生成与分解,不利于S(Ⅵ)的氧化.     

低DO浓度下短程硝化试验研究

进水氨氮浓度不变，低DO下启动并运行了短程硝化试验，考察了反应器内的氨氮氧化和亚硝酸盐积累情况。试验结果表明反应器内氨氮几乎全部被氧化，污泥浓度从4500mg／L下降到870mg／L，此时亚硝酸盐的积累率为55％，说明只控制DO的浓度很难实现高的积累率，同时受到温度和污泥龄等的较大影响。     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

Application of compost in agricultural practice could potentially cause contamination of foodstuffs with pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli O157:H7. This study investigated pathogenic bacteria in compost collected from the compost facilities, an

IntroductionIncreasing public interests have been concerned onsafety foods and the environmental aspects recently,especially on the so-called organic foods , which are madefromcrops grown with organic fertilizers or compost but notchemical fertilizers .Pu…     

氯氰菊酯降解菌的筛选及其降解特性的初步研究

以氯氰菊酯为唯一碳源从土壤中分离筛选得到22株氯氰菊酯降解菌,其中G201和G203降解活性较高且稳定性较好,选择这2株菌进一步研究了培养条件对降解率及降解速率的影响。结果表明,2株菌在中性培养液中降解率达到最大;菌株G201当氯氰菊酯的质量浓度不超过200mg·L-1时降解速率与浓度成正比;外加少量碳、氮源如淀粉、葡萄糖、牛肉膏、蛋白胨淀粉等,可以显著提高菌株的降解能力。     

MBR处理工艺的新发展

膜生物反应器(MBR)作为一种新型高效的污水处理方法,其研究发展的空间仍很大。通过与不同的污水处理流程相结合,MBR的处理工艺得到了拓展。通过介绍:MBR与序批式反应器(SBR)相结合工艺;MBR与升流式厌氧滤床(AUBF)相结合工艺;MBR与高效生物反应器(HCR)相结合工艺等多种最新型MBR处理工艺,对MBR工艺发展趋势进行预测。     

热带假丝酵母8953菌株对苯酚的降解特性研究

实验室分离的一株热带假丝酵母(编号为8953)具有较强的苯酚降解能力,并可以利用苯酚、间苯二酚、联苯胺等芳烃为唯一碳源和能源生长。该菌株在48h内可完全降解约14.88mmol/L苯酚,完全降解10.63mmol/L苯酚只需要24h,其降解苯酚浓度最高可达19.13mmol/L。在pH4～9,温度20℃～40℃范围内,苯酚浓度为10.0mmol/L条件下该菌株均保持100%的降解率。该菌株降解苯酚的最适pH范围为6.0～8.0,最适温度范围为28℃～30℃,最佳接种量为1%～3%,外源添加氮源能促进酵母生长和苯酚的降解。