水稻烤田期间N2O排放及其影响因素

水稻田间实验研究了烤田期间的土壤温度、Eh、含水量和裂缝基本性质,矿质态氮以及与氮有关的酶活性的演变规律,及其对N2O排放的影响.试验表明,在水稻分蘖期间烤田,N2O有一个排放高峰,其最高值可达75.6μg·m-2·h-1.在排放高峰后,即使继续烤田,N2O的排放值也将降低.N2O排放与尿素氮肥的施用量没有明显关系.裂缝的生成,改变了N2O的日排放规律.随着烤田时间的延长,脲酶和羟胺还原酶活性呈波动变化,硝酸还原酶活性递减,亚硝酸还原酶活性极低.硝酸还原酶活性与N2O排放之间没有显著相关性.土壤中的脲酶活性与N2O日排放通量呈显著的线性正相关.在烤田期间,NO-3含量呈增加趋势.土壤中的硝态氮含量与N2O排放通量之间呈显著正线性关系.土壤中的铵态氮含量与N2O排放通量之间呈显著负线性相关.     

胶粉的生产利用现状及前景分析

废橡胶作为工业垃圾 ,已为世界所公认 ,介绍了废橡胶回收利用的意义和方法 ,着重阐述了胶粉的生产利用现状 ,并简要分析了胶粉的生产利用前景     

洪山区危险化学品现状及管理预防措施

作者从洪山区危险化学品实际调查入手,根据几年来从事危险废弃物交换处置工作的实验经验及总结,对危险化学品的管理及预防事故措施提出了管理措施。     

锅炉风机噪声的危害及其防治对策初探

锅炉风机噪声污染点源多,对居民生活影响大,是引发环境信访的重要因素.本文从噪声治理的基本原理,通过对吸声、隔声和消声三种噪声控制技术的阐述,论证了对锅炉风机噪声进行综合论理的可行性,提出了一个较为成熟的锅炉风机节能降噪综合治理方案.     

木材工业粉尘污染控制存在的问题与发展趋势

从中国木材工业粉尘污染控制现状存在的问题入手,分析了木材工业企业粉尘污染的原因,提出了控制粉尘污染的措施及发展趋势.保护环境是实现木材工业可持续发展的必然趋势,必须从工艺、技术和装备方面控制生产过程中的粉尘,使作业环境和大气污染排放达到国家环境保护标准和法规的要求.     

减噪路面的降噪机理及其结构

阐述了减噪路面的降噪机理，并提供了几种减噪路面结构及实测数据，对高速公路设计有着重要的参考意义。     

On-line optical determination of floc size of Fe(Ⅲ) coagulants

This study investigated the floc aggregation, average floc size, floc size variance and floc growth velocity when ferric chloride （FeCl3） and polyferric chloride （PFC） were used to treat the simulated water samples. The factors including coagulant dose, ionic strength and solution pH, which affect the floc aggregation, were studied. Experiments were carried out in a bench-scale reactor using photometric dispersion analyzer （ PDA）. Results showed that there were great differences between the floc aggregation of PFC and FeCl3. The average floc size and fioc growth velocity of PFC were much larger than those of FeCl3. Compared with FeCl3, PFC gave a better coagulation performance in wider range of pH, dosage and ionic strength. It was also found that the coagulation efficiency of PFC did not depend on average floc size but on floc growth velocity.     

Sorption of pyrene on two paddy soils and their particle-size fractions

In the present study, the sorption of pyrene on two kinds of bulk paddy soils, Gleyic Stagnic Anthrosols, and Ferric accumulic Stagnic Anthrosols as well as their particle-size fractions was investigated. The sorption isotherms fitted well with Freundlich equation. For both soils, the clay fraction（ 〈 2μm） and coarse sand fraction（2000-250μm） had higher sorption capacity than fine sand fraction（250-20 μm） and silt fraction（20-2 μm）. The IogKoc values obtained of each soil and its particle-size fractions were similar, proving that SOM content was a key factor affecting pyrene sorption. The Kd values showed a significant correlation with contents of dithionite-extractable Fe in both paddy soils and a good relationship with CEC in Gleyic Stagnic Anthrosols, indicating possible effects of surface properties of particle-size fractions on the sorption of pyrene.     

基于循环经济的西部荒漠化治理途径探讨

荒漠化是制约我国西部地区发展的重要环境问题.本文在分析西部荒漠化现状的基础上,基于循环经济理念,从建立以可再生能源为主体的能源结构、构建产业体系和树立人与自然和谐发展的思维观三个方面提出并探讨了荒漠化的治理途径,为西部地区实现经济、社会和生态环境的协调发展提供借鉴.     

纳米TiO2光催化反应器研究进展

光催化氧化作为一种高级氧化技术,在环境工程治理领域得到较快的发展。主要介绍了纳米TiO2光催化反应器近年来的研究进展,对各类型反应器的优缺点进行了深入分析,并展望了催化反应器应用前景。