运用本质安全原理预防煤粉爆炸

旨在将本质安全原理与粉尘爆炸(以煤粉爆炸为例)的风险控制联系起来。利用20 L球形爆炸装置的标准测试方法测试煤粉及煤粉-CaCO3混合物的爆炸下限、最大爆炸压力、压力上升速度等爆炸特性。基于本质安全基本原理和试验结果,讨论预防煤粉爆炸的各种基本方法,并重点阐述本质安全原理与粉尘爆炸影响因素、不同的预防方法、过程设备的选择等之间的关系,对已制定的爆炸风险控制措施进行完善和补充。     

Digestion of waste bananas to generate energy in Australia

This paper presents results from laboratory studies to measure the methane yield and rate of digestion of reject bananas. These parameters were determined in experiments that took into account the likely configuration of a full-scale plant in the banana growing region of north Queensland. The digestion was conducted in a 200-l reactor using fed-batch operation, relying entirely on the natural microbial consortia on the reject bananas to avoid reliance on external inocula such as sludge, an undesirable material around food packaging facilities. An enrichment culture was first established in a highly buffered 200-l batch digestion unit. The fed-batch digester was then started by exchanging leachate with the mature batch reactor. Under loading conditions of 0.6 kg VS m(-3)d(-1) over 70 days where the average working volume was 160 l, the digester produced 398+/-20 l CH4 kg VS(-1). Increasing the loading rate to 1.6 kg VS m(-3)d(-1) resulted in a reduced methane yield of 210 l CH4 kg VS(-1) over 23 days of operation, with a concomitant accumulation of banana waste in the digester. The leachate at the end of digestion contained over 4000 mg l(-1)K, 200 mg l(-1) N and 75 mg l(-1), levels that exceed acceptable limits for general agricultural irrigation.     

煤矿人因组织错误事故致因研究

本文应用编码故障树分析法,从人因组织错误的角度,对煤矿事故致因进行剖析。在综合安全管理学、心理学、组织行为学等学科的基础上,尝试构建煤矿人因组织错误事故模型。     

固定化氨氧化细菌短程硝化特性研究

以高分子聚合物为载体,采用固定化细胞增殖技术固定氨氧化细菌,研究温度、pH、碱度和溶解氧等因素对短程硝化过程的影响.实验结果表明,最适宜的温度、pH分别是30℃和8.5;当碱度/NH4 -N(质量比)=6.75时,亚硝化率为87.5%;溶解氧浓度影响氨氧化速率,但对亚硝化率影响不大,溶解氧的适宜质量浓度为403 mg/L.     

Alternative immunofluorescent labeling of Cryptosporidium parvum in water samples using semiconductor quantum dots

The application of immunofluorescent labeling using quantum dots for detection of inactivated Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in spiked water samples (reservoir water, treated wastewater effluent, permeate of a membrane bioreactor, and tap water) provided more consistent results compared with the organic fluorophores label. The varying degree of particles present in the different water samples (with turbidity ranging from 0.2 to 6.1 NTU) in nonconcentrated water samples had insignificant interference on the labeled counts (2-sample t-tests, p > 0.236) using the quantum dot label, while the quantum dot label provided an advantage of approximately 50% lower interference in concentrated water samples compared with the organic fluorophores label.     

GDS三轴仪的非饱和土试验操作方法

与传统三轴仪相比,GDS三轴仪有着显著的优势。对GDS三轴仪的组成部分、工作原理和试验过程中的具体操作进行了详细介绍,并应用GDS三轴仪研究了某高心墙堆石坝非饱和土填料的强度特征,得到了该土样的抗剪强度参数。     

攀钢120t转炉屋顶电除尘器集水槽的设计与改进

集水槽是屋顶电除尘器的主要组成部件之一,也是屋顶电除尘器与常规电除尘器结构设计的重要区别之一。文中叙述了在屋顶电除尘器设计过程中对此部件设计所要考虑的问题及设计方法,并对其需改进之处提出了展望。     

煤与瓦斯突出气体逆流影响模式研究

为预防井下瓦斯气体逆流引起瓦斯爆炸等二次伤害,促进煤矿安全生产,建立瓦斯逆流运移扩散模型,采用相似试验研究不同风速和气体量影响下的气体逆流运移规律,根据试验系统的巷道模型,运用Fluent软件建立几何模型,模拟不同风速和涌出量对气体逆流的影响模式,观察同一测点或时间下2种因素对瓦斯浓度变化的影响,并以过往案例验证结论....     

流态化TiO2光催化降解甲苯的实验

在自制的流化床反应器中,以实验室制备的TiO2/硅胶为催化剂,对甲苯、空气混合气进行光催化降解,探讨了初始浓度、紫外光强度、操作气速和床层高度等因素对甲苯降解率的影响。实验结果表明:在低浓度范围内(20~55mg/m3),甲苯降解率不随浓度变化,高达100%,但浓度进一步增加后降解率下降;甲苯降解率随紫外光强度的增加而提高,但提幅不大;甲苯初始浓度越低,维持最高降解率的时间越长;操作气速存在最佳值3·98cm/s,达到此值时降解效果最好;甲苯降解率随床层高度(静态高度)的增加而线性提高。