氨基化有机-无机杂化整体柱分离富集环境水中五价砷

将四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)和N-(β-氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(AEAPTES)作为共聚前体,采用在毛细管内原位聚合的方式制备得到氨基功能化的有机-无机杂化整体柱,将其作为针式固相微萃取(SPME)介质,建立了现场分离富集环境水中As(V)的SPME方法,优化了有机-无机杂化整体柱富集As(V)的实验条件,并研究了整体柱对As(V)的吸附/洗脱性能和富集能力,实现了环境水样中As(V)的高效、快速、高选择性检测。     

气相分子吸收光谱法测定印染废水中氨氮的影响因素

采用气相分子吸收法光谱测定印染废水中的氨氮,并对相关影响因素进行探讨。结果证实,硫化物和尿素会对氨氮的测定产生负干扰,硫化物干扰可用乙酸锌-乙酸钠固定液沉淀法去除,尿素干扰可以用稀释法去除,但仅适用于氨氮质量浓度0.10 mg/L且稀释后尿素质量浓度≤100 mg/L的水样;苯胺、浊度和色度对测定无干扰,可直接检测。     

硫氰酸盐-抗坏血酸体系流动注射光度法测定水中钼

建立了水中钼的硫氰酸盐一抗坏血酸体系流动注射分光光度测定法,优化了试验条件。方法在0mg／L～16mg／L范围内线性关系良好,检出限为0．19mg／L,废水样品测定的RSD≤I．6％,加标回收率为96．3％～104％,与国家标准方法的测定结果一致。     

A case study predicting environmental impacts of urban transport planning in China

Predicting environmental impacts is essential when performing an environmental assessment on urban transport planning. System dynamics (SD) is usually used to solve complex nonlinear problems. In this study, we utilized system dynamics (SD) to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with urban transport planning in Jilin City, China with respect to the local economy, society, transport, the environment and resources. To accomplish this, we generated simulation models comprising interrelated subsystems designed to utilize changes in the economy, society, road construction, changes in the number of vehicles, the capacity of the road network capacity, nitrogen oxides emission, traffic noise, land used for road construction and fuel consumption associated with traffic to estimate dynamic trends in the environmental impacts associated with Jilin's transport planning. Two simulation scenarios were then analyzed comparatively. The results of this study indicated that implementation of Jilin transport planning would improve the current urban traffic conditions and boost the local economy and development while benefiting the environment in Jilin City. In addition, comparative analysis of the two scenarios provided additional information that can be used to aid in scientific decision-making regarding which aspects of the transport planning to implement in Jilin City. This study demonstrates that our application of the SD method, which is referred to as the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), is feasible for use in urban transport planning.     

工业类建设项目验收技术规范编制内容探讨

简述了我国建设项目环保验收技术规范颁布实施,以及国外对建设项目实行全过程监管方式现状,指出现行环保验收技术规范在行业性内容、验收监测频次、质量控制措施、总量核算方面存在的问题,提出,应出台总工业类环保验收技术规范,对出台行业类验收技术规范严格把关,并加大验收技术科研力度的建议.     

Assessment of trace element contamination in sediment cores from the Pearl River and estuary,South China: geochemical and multivariate analysis approaches

Twenty-four major and trace elements and the mineralogical composition of four sediment cores along the Pearl River and estuary were analyzed using ICP-AES, ICP-MS, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to evaluate contamination levels. The dominant minerals were quartz, kaolinite, and illite, followed by montmorillonite and feldspars, while small amounts of halite and calcite were also observed in a few samples. Cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed to identify the element sources. The highest metal concentrations were found at Huangpu, primarily due to wastewater treatment plant discharge and/or the surreptitious dumping of sludge, and these data differed from those of other sources. Excluding the data from Huangpu, the PCA showed that most elements could be considered as lithogenic; few elements are the combination of lithogenic and anthropogenic sources. An antagonistic relationship between the anthropogenic source metals (K, Ba, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ag, Tl, and U) and marine source metals (Na, Mg, Ti, V, and Ca) was observed. The resulting normalized Al enrichment factor (EF) indicated very high or significant pollution of Cd, Ag, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Pb at Huangpu, which may cause serious environmental effects. Conflicting results between the PCA and EF can be attributed to the background values used, indicating that background values must be selected carefully.     

提高高职护理学基础教学质量的探讨

护理学基础是护理专业的一门主干课程,学好护理学基础对学生以后从事临床工作至关重要.因此,搞好护理学基础的教学必须从提高教师综合素质入手,结合学生的实际情况,充分做好课前准备工作,运用灵活多样的教学方法,加强实习前的培训,让学生牢固地掌握该课程的基本理论和基本技能,打好临床护理工作的基础.参4.     

试用模糊数学方法对电焊作业防护措施进行综合评价

选择北京市四家锅炉厂的电焊工５６名，即从事手把焊、氩弧焊、ＣＯ２气体保护焊、电弧气爆等特种工种作业人员。通过调查，提出单项四级评分标准，再依模糊数学模型，进行综合评价。按Ｂ＝Ａ·Ｒ，求得Ｂ中最大元为０．７０７。最后总评为甲级。此结果与权数分配有关。此方法，可为劳动卫生管理（防护措施评级）提供依据。     

河南省自然灾害的地域分界规律

河南省自然灾害的地域空间分异，主要遵循水平地带性规律、非地带性规律与垂直地带性规律。水平地带性主要影响以致控制灾害的不同类型，非地带性与垂直地带性则主要影响各种灾害的成灾强度。它们相互联系与制约，从而形成该省域灾害的三维分异。     

微生物法和微生物生态法的评价和选用

微生物法和微生物生态法作为生物治理方案的两大类型，已日益受到环保工作者的重视。这两种类型的治理方法各有特点，各有利弊。如何选择使用？主要取决于污染场所中污染形成的时间长短、污染程度、污染物浓度、污染物中是否含有污水、是否需要快速治理等。应明确指出的是，采用生物治理法虽可在多种情况下大大降低污染物的浓度，但从长远来看，还不能单纯依靠降低污染物的排放浓度，而是应从低浓度污染物对人和环境产生的长期影响着眼，制定出一套治理标准，这样才能准确评价生物治理技术在环境保护中所起的真正作用。