保氮增效剂调节氮肥施用量和利用率的研究 Ⅱ.保氮增效剂在小麦生产中的应用效果

利用田间试验研究了氮肥与保氮增效剂共施的效应函数和保氮增效剂促进小麦省肥增产的比较效果。同的供氮水平,保氮增效剂均能改善小麦植株经济性状,促进籽粒增产,提高氮肥报酬和施肥利润。保氮增效剂用量为氮肥实物量的5%作小麦基肥,旱地增产45～52.5kg/亩,稻田增产54.5～74.5kg/亩,氮肥报酬提高41.4～68.6%。     

植物CytP450和抗氧化酶对土壤菲、芘暴露的生态毒理响应

以玉米(Zea mays L.)为供试植物,草甸棕壤为供试土壤,以微粒体细胞色素P450含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性为指标,进行了土壤菲、芘暴露的生态毒理响应研究.结果表明,菲、芘暴露均能引起植物代谢解毒和抗氧化防御系统的胁迫响应,不同程度引发植物代谢解毒及抗氧化能力的改变.P450酶活性与低浓度菲、芘单-暴露浓度具有相关性(r=0.834,P<0.01),与菲、芘复合暴露浓度负相关,说明菲、芘复合暴露导致代谢解毒能力下降,对植物的代谢解毒具有协同毒性效应;SOD酶活性与菲、芘单一暴露浓度负相关,CAT酶活性与菲、芘单-暴露浓度正相关,POD酶活性与菲的水溶解度正相关,而与芘的总浓度负相关.SOD、CAT和POD酶活性与菲、芘复合暴露浓度均呈正相关,说明菲、芘复合暴露导致氧化损伤程度减弱,对植物的氧化损伤具有拮抗作用.     

对德兴市发展循环型旅游产业的思考

在矿业城市探索转型之路的大背景下,通过系统分析的方法对中国“铜都”德兴市发展旅游产业的转型时机、资源环境和文化背景进行了可行性分析。在此基础上通过与德国鲁尔区在资源型城市转型过程中发展循环型旅游业进行比较与借鉴,就发展循环型旅游产业的模式、机制和内在驱动力等方面进行了深入探讨。然后以循环经济理念为指导,紧密结合德兴市的生态环境和文化背景,通过“旅游资源-旅游产品-再生旅游资源”发展模式因地制宜地构建区域循环型旅游产业链。为德兴市在当前条件下发展循环型旅游产业提出针对性建议。     

广州地区农田土壤中有机氯农药残留分布特征

以网格法在农田土壤中均匀布点,采集土壤样品75个,对广州地区农田土壤中有机氯农药含量及分布状况进行了研究。结果表明,试区土壤有机氯农药的检出率为100％,表明广州地区农田土壤中有机氯农药残留现象普遍存在。六六六（HCHs）和滴滴涕（DDTs）的平均含量分别为42．75μg/kg、52．76μg/kg,含量范围分别在1．35—803．72和2．73—1036．90μg/kg。与国内不同区域的同类研究相比,广州地区土壤的有机氯残留水平较高。在不同利用类型土壤中,有机氯残留状况有所差异,六六六在水稻土中残留量最高,而滴滴涕在菜园土中含量最高。     

Numerical simulation of a horizontal sedimentation tank considering sludge recirculation

Most research conducted on the concentration distribution of sediment in the sedimentation tank does not consider the role of the suction dredge. To analyze concentration distribution more accurately, a suspended sediment transportation model was constructed and the velocity field in the sedimentation tank was determined based on the influence of the suction dredge. An application model was then used to analyze the concentration distribution in the sedimentation tank when the suction dredge was fixed, with results showing that distribution was in accordance with theoretical analysis. The simulated value of the outlet concentration was similar to the experimental value, and the trends of the isoconcentration distribution curves, as well as the vertical distribution curves of the five monitoring sections acquired through simulations, were almost the same as curves acquired through experimentation. The di erences between the simulated values and the experimental values were significant.     

生态型——原油码头及配套设施工程竣工环保验收调查重点

原油码头及配套设施工程是以生态影响为主的建设项目,与工业污染型建设项目对环境影响方式有所不同。码头建设涉及到海洋生态影响,又区别于公路、矿山等陆域生态影响项目。按照国家相应法律法规,从工程概况调查、环保措施落实情况以及生态(海域和陆域)、污染、社会环境影响监测与调查等方面,分施工期和试运营两个时间段作相应的介绍,以明确原油码头、站场及输油管线工程竣工环保验收调查的重点和特点。     

基于遥感对土地退化监测与评价的几个方法

本文结合生态学,以地面监测和遥感原理、遥感反演、建模手段浅谈土地退化监测与评价的方法。     

采用大流量泡沫炮扑救大型储罐全面积火灾的探讨

简要分析了大型储罐全面积火灾着火面积大、热辐射强、易复燃、破坏力强等特点,指出了这类火灾的主要扑救难点是远距离作战、消防物资消耗大、战术要求高等。从泡沫液最低流量、泡沫液喷射方式和泡沫液选型3方面提出了用于扑救大型储罐全面积火灾的大流量泡沫炮的要求,指出泡沫炮的最小流量应不低于20000L/min,利用蛋白泡沫液采用集中喷射方式进行灭火。     

Atmospheric environment monitoring technology and equipment in China: A review and outlook

Accurate monitoring of the atmospheric environment and its evolution are important for understanding the sources, chemical mechanisms, and transport processes of air pollution and carbon emissions in China, and for regulatory and control purposes. This study gives an overview of atmospheric environment monitoring technology and equipment in China and summarizes the major achievements obtained in recent years. China has made great progress in the development of atmospheric environment monitoring technology and equipment with decades of effort. The manufacturing level of atmospheric environment monitoring equipment and the quality of products have steadily improved, and a technical & production system that can meet the requirements of routine monitoring activities has been initiated. It is expected that domestic atmospheric environment monitoring technology and equipment will be able to meet future demands for routine monitoring activities in China and provide scientific assistance for addressing air pollution problems.