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351.
Wet precipitation chemistry at a high-altitude site (3,326 m a.s.l.) in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bin Liu Shichang Kang Jimin Sun Yulan Zhang Ri Xu Yongjie Wang Yongwen Liu Zhiyuan Cong 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(7):5013-5027
This paper presents the results of wet precipitation chemistry from September 2009 to August 2010 at a high-altitude forest site in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau (TP). The alkaline wet precipitation, with pH ranging from 6.25 to 9.27, was attributed to the neutralization of dust in the atmosphere. Wet deposition levels of major ions and trace elements were generally comparable with other alpine and remote sites around the world. However, the apparently greater contents/fluxes of trace elements (V, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd), compared to those in central and southern TP and pristine sites of the world, reflected potential anthropogenic disturbances. The almost equal mole concentrations and perfect linear relationships of Na+ and Cl? suggested significant sea-salts sources, and was confirmed by calculating diverse sources. Crust mineral dust was responsible for a minor fraction of the chemical components (less than 15 %) except Al and Fe, while most species (without Na+, Cl?, Mg2+, Al, and Fe) arose mainly from anthropogenic activities. High values of as-K+ (anthropogenic sources potassium), as-SO4 2?, and as-NO3 ? observed in winter and spring demonstrated the great effects of biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion in these seasons, which coincided with haze layer outburst in South Asia. Atmospheric circulation exerted significant influences on the chemical components in wet deposition. Marine air masses mainly originating from the Bay of Bengal provided a large number of sea salts to the chemical composition, while trace elements during summer monsoon seasons were greatly affected by industrial emissions from South Asia. The flux of wet deposition was 1.12 kg?N?ha?1?year?1 for NH4 +–N and 0.29 kg?N?ha?1?year?1 for NO3 ?–N. The total atmospheric deposition of N was estimated to be 6.41 kg?N?ha?1?year?1, implying potential impacts on the alpine ecosystem in this region. 相似文献
352.
以广州市环境监测站2007年1月—2009年12月监测的空气污染指数(API)以及SO2、NO2、PM10等污染物为研究对象,探讨了广州市空气污染的变化规律;并分析它们与常规观测的地面气象资料之间的关系;建立了API指数以及SO2、NO2、PM10等污染物的预报方程;为了弥补单纯基于数学模型预报的不足,分析和确定了造成广州严重空气污染的典型天气类型和相关指标,以便在具体的业务预报中可以根据天气形势和相关指标做进一步的订正;该预报方法于2010年10月起应用于广州市环境监测中心站,作为2010年16届亚运会广州空气质量预报预警服务的重要工具之一,运行服务效果良好. 相似文献
353.
354.
Xiao Leilei Liu Fanghua Xu Hengduo Feng Dawei Liu Jinchao Han Guangxuan 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(3):1347-1352
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Methane (CH4) is a major greenhouse gas emitted by the industry, agriculture and natural processes such as degradation of organic matter in anaerobic... 相似文献
355.
356.
Bi Shao-Shuai Talukder Milton Sun Xue-Tong Lv Mei-Wei Ge Jing Zhang Cong Li Jin-Long 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(9):22550-22559
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cadmium (Cd) is a food contaminant that poses serious threats to animal health, including birds. It is also an air pollutant with well-known... 相似文献
357.
甘南地区草畜平衡动态评估 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
过度放牧是导致草原退化和沙化的重要原因之一,草畜平衡管理是保障草原牧区可持续发展的关键。基于多时相遥感和畜牧业统计数据,以甘南地区为研究区,构建逐月草畜平衡动态评估的核算方法,探讨畜牧业生产管理过程中优化时空布局的必要性。主要结论如下:(1)基于产草量—饲草需求量—饲草存量动态关系的逐月核算方法实现了季节性的草畜平衡动态评估;(2)甘南地区的草畜平衡矛盾主要表现为家畜对牧草的稳定需求与天然牧草供给的季节性波动,逐月逐乡镇的饲草缺口核算为精准补饲提供科学依据;(3)州—县—乡尺度的草畜平衡状态表明甘南地区全域草量富富有余但部分县乡超载,揭示了跨行政边界的轮牧措施可以缓解因局地的季节性过载造成的草地退化。 相似文献
358.
生态毒性数据缺乏是我国土壤基准与生态风险评估研究中一直存在的问题,开展本土受试植物的筛选可提供更多的生态毒理试验选材,从而获得不同物种的生态毒性数据.鉴于植物对土壤污染物的敏感性,从被子植物中依据分布范围、代表性和易于获得性等原则,对我国潜在的受试植物进行筛选,结果发现,13科53种被子植物分布广泛且易于获取,可作为本土受试植物;结合生态毒性数据的搜集与分析,其中12种受试植物的生态毒性数据相对丰富,并对部分典型污染物表现高敏感.此外在受试植物生态毒性预测模型研究方面,对12种受试植物两两进行建模预测,共得到132个物种种间关系估算模型(Interspecies Correlation Estimation,ICE),其中88个为显著性模型(F检验P<0.05);此处,回归分析了已构建ICE模型的评价参数,得出预测效果较好的ICE模型应满足交叉验证成功率≥ 80.00%、MSE ≤ 0.62、R2 ≥ 0.76和分类学距离≤ 4的标准.最终筛选出25个符合上述标准的ICE模型,涉及禾本科-禾本科、十字花科-十字花科的相互预测,其中当燕麦Avena sativa、芜青Brassica rapa、普通小麦Triticum aestivum、玉蜀黍Zea mays和黑麦草Lolium perenne等作为替代物种时,预测物种的实际生态毒性值与预测值较为接近.受试植物的筛选与生态毒性预测模型的建立有助于生态毒性数据的产生,并为土壤污染管理和生态风险评估提供科学依据. 相似文献
359.
360.
Fabrication of electrochemically-modified BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4composite film for bisphenol A degradation
Yanqing Cong Wenhua Zhang Wenchen Ding Tongtong Zhang Yi Zhang Nianping Chi Qi Wang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(4):341-351
A new electrochemically-modified BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 (represented as E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4) thin film electrode was successfully synthesized for environmental application. MoS2 and Co3O4 were grown on the surface of BiVO4 to obtain BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4. E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 film was achieved by further electrochemical treatment of BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4. The as-prepared E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 exhibited significantly enhanced photoelectrocatalytic activity. The photocurrent density of E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 thin film is 6.6 times that of BiVO4 under visible light irradiation. The degradation efficiency of E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 for bisphenol A pollutant was 81.56% in photoelectrochemical process. The pseudo-first order reaction rate constant of E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 film is 3.22 times higher than that of BiVO4. And its reaction rate constant in photoelectrocatalytic process is 14.5 times or 2 times that in photocatalytic or electrocatalytic process, respectively. The improved performance of E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 was attributed to the synergetic effects of the reduction of interfacial charge transfer resistance, the formation of oxygen vacancies and sub-stoichiometric metal oxides and higher separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 is a promising composite material for pollutants removal. 相似文献