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871.
Zhenyi Zhang Xuan Zhao Yuting Liang Guanghe Li Jizhong Zhou 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2013,11(1):11-17
This report shows an increase of PAH-related microbial functional genes with PAH concentration in soils. Adaptation of microbial communities to organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a crucial issue. However, there is little knowledge on mechanisms ruling microbial community selection. Here, we studied microbial functional genes in soils contaminated by PAHs. We used GeoChip, an advanced functional gene array for gene analysis. Soil PAH concentrations were measured and microbial functional genes were categorized. PAH-related microbial functional genes, bph, nah, nidA, phd, dfb, and qor, were quantitatively expressed. Total microbial functional genes and PAH-related microbial functional genes were compared with PAH concentration by cluster analysis and curve-fitting analysis. We found that the average abundance of PAH-related microbial functional genes increased from 0.13 to 0.33, whereas that of total microbial functional genes decreased from 0.22 to 0.10 when PAHs concentration increased from 1.01 to 164.28 mg kg?1. It was also found that the classification of microbial community structure characteristics based on PAH-related microbial functional genes was closely similar to the classification based on PAHs concentration. Findings reveal that PAH stress promotes the dominance of PAH-related microbial communities. 相似文献
872.
通过测定在各种条件下Ag(Ⅰ)对大肠杆菌Escherichia coli的生长的抑制作用,系统分析了各参数对Ag(Ⅰ)毒性的影响。结果表明:好氧、厌氧状态下,Ag(Ⅰ)对E.coli的抑制能力基本相同;在LB培养基、氨基酸基本培养基和标准基本培养基中Ag(Ⅰ)开始抑制E.coli生长的浓度差异较大,分别为10、0.5、0.1μmol/L;LB组分中的酵母粉的加入完全消除了Ag(I)对E.coli的抑制作用;此外,菌体浓度越高抑制其生长所需的Ag(Ⅰ)浓度也越高。因此Ag(I)对E.coli生长的抑制作用与氧化应激无关,而与培养基种类、培养基组分及菌体浓度高度相关。 相似文献
873.
Solomon D Lehmann J de Zarruk KK Dathe J Kinyangi J Liang B Machado S 《Journal of environmental quality》2011,40(3):704-718
We investigated speciation, oxidative state changes, and long- and short-term molecular-level dynamics of organic S after 365 d of aerobic incubation with and without the addition of sugarcane residue using XANES spectroscopy. Soil samples were collected from the upper 15 cm of undisturbed grasslands since 1880, from undisturbed grasslands since 1931, and from cultivated fields since 1880 in the western United States. We found three distinct groups of organosulfur compounds in these grassland-derived soils: (i) strongly reduced (S to S) organic S that encompasses thiols, monosulfides, disulfides, polysulfides, and thiophenes; (ii) organic S in intermediate oxidation (S to S) states, which include sulfoxides and sulfonates; and (iii) strongly oxidized (S) organic S, which comprises ester-SO-S. The first two groups represent S directly linked to C and accounted for 80% of the total organic S detected by XANES from the undisturbed soils. Aerobic incubation without the addition of sugarcane residue led to a 21% decline in organanosulfur compounds directly linked to C and to up to an 82% increase inorganic S directly bonded to O. Among the C-bonded S compounds, low-valence thiols, sulfides, thiophenic S, and intermediate-valence sulfoxide S seem to be highly susceptible to microbial attack and may represent the most reactive components of organic S pool in these grassland soils. Sulfonate S exhibited a much lower short-term reactivity. The incorporation of sugarcane residue resulted in an increase in organosulfur compounds directly bonded to C at the early stage of incubation. However, similar to soils incubated without residue addition, the proportion of organic S directly linked to C continued to decline with increasing duration of aerobic incubation, whereas the proportion of organic S directly bonded to O showed a steady rise. 相似文献
874.
我国自然灾害时空分布及其粮食风险评估 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
分析了旱灾、水灾、风雹灾、霜冻灾、台风灾和农业病虫害、草害、鼠害8种自然灾害的时空分布情况,计算了其造成的历年粮食减产量,并在此基础上评估2020年自然灾害对粮食产量的影响。结果表明,2020年不同自然灾害对我国各省粮食生产的影响程度不同。旱灾风险区集中在我国北方地区,分布在黄淮海区、西北区等;涝灾风险区集中在我国南方地区,分布在长江中下游区等;风雹灾风险区对我国粮食产量影响相对较小,主要分布在新疆和青海;台风灾风险区集中在我国南方沿海地区;农业病虫害风险区集中在我国的南方地区,分布在华南沿海区和西南区等;而霜冻灾、农业草害、鼠害对粮食生产的影响范围和影响程度较小。 相似文献
875.
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - The Chinese government has not only been increasing investments in environmental protection, improving the quality of the ecological environment, but has... 相似文献
876.
Shuyi Wang Xiang Qi Yong Jiang Panpan Liu Wen Hao Jinbin Han Peng Liang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(8):97
877.
Yuwei Guo Xian Xiao Yuan Zhao Jianguo Liu Jizhong Zhou Bo Sun Yuting Liang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(7):91
878.
Tingwei Gao Kang Xiao Jiao Zhang Wenchao Xue Chunhai Wei Xiaoping Zhang Shuai Liang Xiaomao Wang Xia Huang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(4):49
879.
Guo Xianwei Song Qiuxia Wang Hao Li Ning Su Wanying Liang Mingming Sun Chenyu Ding Xiuxiu Liang Qiwei Sun Yehuan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(24):35707-35722
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Although a growing number of original epidemiological studies imply a link between ambient pollution exposure and mortality risk, the findings... 相似文献
880.
Chen Zhikun Feng Qi Yue Rengyu Chen Zhi Moselhi Osama Soliman Ahmed Hammad Amin An Chunjiang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(31):46509-46526
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - With the increase in global population, industrialization, and urbanization, waste from construction, renovation, and demolition (CRD) activities has... 相似文献