Carrousel氧化沟系统出水COD预报的神经网络模型

以河南漯河市污水净化中心的氧化沟系统为考察对象,针对该系统进水水质复杂,控制滞后的难点,引入人工神经网络的理论和方法,对其进行模拟分析,建立了基于BP网络的氧化沟系统出水COD预报模型。模型性能检验和灵敏度检验表明,建成的模型准确度高,适应性强,可直接用于该系统出水COD预报。这为氧化沟工艺在线控制提供了一条简便的途径。     

流态化TiO2光催化降解甲苯的实验

在自制的流化床反应器中,以实验室制备的TiO2/硅胶为催化剂,对甲苯、空气混合气进行光催化降解,探讨了初始浓度、紫外光强度、操作气速和床层高度等因素对甲苯降解率的影响。实验结果表明:在低浓度范围内(20~55mg/m3),甲苯降解率不随浓度变化,高达100%,但浓度进一步增加后降解率下降;甲苯降解率随紫外光强度的增加而提高,但提幅不大;甲苯初始浓度越低,维持最高降解率的时间越长;操作气速存在最佳值3·98cm/s,达到此值时降解效果最好;甲苯降解率随床层高度(静态高度)的增加而线性提高。     

中国火灾科学的今天和明天

对我国火灾科学研究的现状和发展趋势进行了综述 ,介绍了火灾科学的兴起、我国火灾科学的发展以及火灾科学国家重点实验室的建立 ,并对我国火灾科学的未来进行了展望。     

芳香族化合物的生物降解途径

分析了以苯、甲苯、萘和联苯为代表的芳香族化合物的生物降解途径,发现其共同点都是经过两步加氧酶作用生成二醇,最后再开环;介绍了苯、甲苯、萘和联苯这几种芳香族化合物分解酶的组分、相对分子质量及其辅基。     

赤红壤地区茶叶施用有机无机复肥的效果初探

本试验比较了三种不同Ｎ／Ｋ２Ｏ的有机无机复肥和进口复肥在赤红壤茶园上的施用效果．结果表明，施用有机无机复肥能促进茶树生长，增大茶芽密度．提高茶叶产量，增加茶叶的茶多酚和氨基酸含量；且能增加土壤有机质含量，平衡土壤养分．有机无机复肥中的Ｎ／Ｋ２Ｏ对其肥效的发挥有重要作用，Ｎ／ｋ２Ｏ值以４．５为宜．     

从三峡库区土地容量论移民外迁的必要性——以重庆市云阳县为例

三峡库区农村移民安置是三峡工程系统中的一项重要工程,它直接关系到三峡工程的成败。对于如何解决库区５０多万农村移民的安置出路,三峡工程移民安置可行性研究和库区众多的关于农村移民安置工作报告中早有定论。     

外源锌对水稻各部位镉吸收与累积的拮抗效应

为探明外源锌(Zn)对镉(Cd)污染稻田系统Cd吸收累积的影响,采用盆栽试验,向轻度(Cd含量为0.50 mg·kg~(-1))和中度(Cd含量为1.50 mg·kg~(-1))Cd污染土壤中施用不同浓度的外源Zn,研究Zn对土壤、水稻根表铁膜和水稻各部位中Cd、Zn含量变化的影响,探讨外源Zn对Cd污染稻田系统Cd吸收累积的交互作用.结果表明,在2种Cd污染土壤中,施用外源Zn显著降低了湘晚籼12糙米Cd含量,降低幅度为13.4%～78.4%;在轻度Cd污染土壤中,施用外源Zn显著降低了威优46糙米Cd含量,降低幅度为14.7%～79.8%,而在中度Cd污染土壤中,当外源Zn浓度超过40 mg·kg~(-1)将增加威优46糙米Cd含量;在2种Cd污染土壤下均显著增加2种水稻根表铁膜数量,分别增加14.7%～85.9%、5.8%～61.2%;但对土壤交换态Cd含量无显著影响.在2种Cd污染土壤中,2种水稻各部位Cd/Zn比值与Cd含量正线性相关,且各部位Cd/Zn比值呈下降趋势,2种水稻糙米、茎叶间Cd-Zn拮抗作用显著.轻度Cd污染土壤中,施加外源Zn可以降低湘晚籼12和威优46糙米中的Cd含量;中度Cd污染土壤中,外源Zn仍然可以降低湘晚籼12糙米Cd含量,而当外源Zn施加量高于40 mg·kg~(-1)时将增加威优46糙米的Cd含量.     

Forecasting industrial water demand in Huaihe River Basin due to environmental changes

A framework is proposed for forecasting industrial water demand in the context of climate change, economic growth, and technological development. The framework was tested in five sub-basins of Huaihe River of China, namely Upstream of Huaihe River (UH), Middlestream of Huaihe River (MH), Downstream of Huaihe River (DH), Yishusi River (YSSR), and Coastal River of Shandong Peninsula (CSP) to project future changes in industrial water demand under different environment change scenarios. Results showed that industrial water demand in Huaihe River basin will increase in the range of 10 to 44.6% due to economic development, water-saving technological advances, and climate change. The highest increase was projected by general circulation model (GCM) BCC-CSM1–1 (179.16 × 108 m³) and the lowest by GCM GISS-E2-R (132.4 × 10⁸ m³) in 2020, while the GCM BNU-ESM projected the highest increase (190.57 × 10⁸ m³) and GCM CNRM-CM5 the lowest (160.41 × 10⁸ m³) in 2030. Among the different sub-basins, the highest increase was projected in MH sub-basin where industrial water demand is already very high. On the other hand, the lowest increase in industrial water demand was projected in UH sub-basin. The rapid growth of high water-consuming industries and increased water demand for cooling due to temperature rise are the major causes of the sharp increase in industrial water demand in the basin. The framework developed in the study can be used for reliable forecasting of industrial water demand which in turn can help in selection of an appropriate water management strategy for adaptation to global environmental changes.     

Facile synthesis of graphene-based hyper-cross-linked porous carbon composite with superior adsorption capability for chlorophenols

In this work, we proposed a green and cost-effective method to prepare a graphene-based hyper-cross-linked porous carbon composite (GN/HCPC) by one-pot carbonization of hyper-cross-linked polymer (HCP) and glucose. The composite combined the advantages of graphene (GN) and hyper-cross-linked porous carbon (HCPC), leading to high specific surface area (396.93 m²/g) and large total pore volume (0.413 cm³/g). The resulting GN/HCPC composite was applied as an adsorbent to remove 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from aqueous solutions. The influence of different solution conditions including pH, ionic strength, contact time, system temperature and concentration of humic acid was determined. The maximum adsorption capacity of GN/HCPC composite (calculated by the Langmuir model) could reach 348.43 mg/g, which represented increases of 43.6% and 13.6% over those of the as-prepared pure GN and HCPC, respectively. The Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were found to fit well with the adsorption process. Thermodynamic experiments suggested that the adsorption proceeded spontaneously and endothermically. In addition, the GN/HCPC composite showed high adsorption performance toward other organic contaminants including tetracycline, bisphenol A and phenol. Measurement of the adsorption capability of GN/HCPC in secondary effluent revealed a slight decrease over that in pure water solution. This study demonstrated that the GN/HCPC composite can be utilized as a practical and efficient adsorbent for the removal of organic contaminants in wastewater.     

企业一体化管理体系实施模式探讨

笔者依据ISO90 0 1、ISO14 0 0 1及OHSAS180 0 1标准 ,为企业进行质量、环境及职业安全健康管理体系整合并实现一体化管理提出了实施模式