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The paper presents the application of the hyphenated technique - high-performance liquid chromatography with atomic absorption spectrometry detection with hydride generation (HPLC-HG-AAS) - in the determinations of inorganic forms of arsenic: As(III) and As(V) in the exchangeable fraction of flood deposits. The separation of analytical signals of the determined arsenic forms was obtained using an ion-exchange column in a chromatographic system with the atomic absorption spectrometer as a detector, at the determination limits of 5 ng g−1 for As(III) and 10 ng g−1 for As(V). Flood deposits were collected after big flood event in valley of the Warta river which took place in summer 2010. Samples of overbank deposits were taken in Poznań agglomeration and vicinity (NW Poland). The results of determinations of arsenic forms in the exchangeable fraction of flood deposits allowed indication of a hypothetical path of deposits migration transported by a river during flood and environmental threats posed by their deposition by flood. 相似文献
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Lizhu Wang Kevin Wehrly James E. Breck Lidia Szabo Kraft 《Environmental management》2010,46(3):471-483
Assessment of lake impairment status and identification of threats’ type and source is essential for protection of intact,
enhancement of modified, and restoration of impaired lakes. For regions in which large numbers of lakes occur, such assessment
has usually been done for only small fractions of lakes due to resource and time limitation. This study describes a process
for assessing lake impairment status and identifying which human disturbances have the greatest impact on each lake for all
lakes that are 2 ha or larger in the state of Michigan using readily available, georeferenced natural and human disturbance
databases. In-lake indicators of impairment are available for only a small subset of lakes in Michigan. Using statistical
relationships between the in-lake indicators and landscape natural and human-induced measures from the subset lakes, we assessed
the likely human impairment condition of lakes for which in-lake indicator data were unavailable using landscape natural and
human disturbance measures. Approximately 92% of lakes in Michigan were identified as being least to marginally impacted and
about 8% were moderately to heavily impacted by landscape human disturbances. Among lakes that were heavily impacted, more
inline lakes (92%) were impacted by human disturbances than disconnected (6%) or headwater lakes (2%). More small lakes were
impacted than medium to large lakes. For inline lakes, 90% of the heavily impacted lakes were less than 40 ha, 10% were between
40 and 405 ha, and 1% was greater than 405 ha. For disconnected and headwater lakes, all of the heavily impacted lakes were
less than 40 ha. Among the anthropogenic disturbances that contributed the most to lake disturbance index scores, nutrient
yields and farm animal density affected the highest number of lakes, agricultural land use affected a moderate number of lakes,
and point-source pollution and road measures affected least number of lakes. Our process for assessing lake condition represents
a significant advantage over other routinely used methods. It permits the evaluation of lake condition across large regions
and yields an overall disturbance index that is a physicochemical and biological indicator weighted sum of multiple disturbance
factors. The robustness of our approach can be improved with increased availability of high-resolution disturbance datasets. 相似文献
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Hai Guo Lidia Morawska Congrong He Yanli L. Zhang Godwin Ayoko Min Cao 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(6):1268-1278
Background, Aim and Scope
The impact of air pollution on school children’s health is currently one of the key foci of international and national agencies. Of particular concern are ultrafine particles which are emitted in large quantities, contain large concentrations of toxins and are deposited deeply in the respiratory tract. 相似文献25.
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B?a?ej Kud?ak Lidia Wolska Jacek Namie?nik 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,174(1-4):509-516
The sensitivity of Heterocypris incongruens to selected heavy metal ions is discussed. Although the Ostracodtoxkit ${\textregistered}$ has been present on the market for a few years, data on its selectivity and sensitivity to toxicants is scarce; such data is indispensable when interpreting the results of sediment toxicity. The LC50 and EC50 results with the Ostracodtoxkit ${\textregistered}$ are compared with those obtained with other commercially available ??direct-contact?? tests (utilizing Hyalella azteca and Chironomus riparius) and microbiotests for assessing the toxicity of aqueous samples (Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna, and Selenastrum capricornatum). The sensitivity of H. incongruens to metal ions (Cd2?+?>?>Hg2?+?> Cu2?+?>Cr6?+?>Ni2?+???Mn7?+?>Zn2?+?>Pb2?+?>Li1?+?> Fe3?+?) was found to be similar to that of H. azteca and of C. riparius. The Ostracodtoxkit ${\textregistered}$ has shown itself to be an efficient and reliable element of test batteries for toxicity determination. 相似文献
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Jolanta Skowroń Lidia Zapór Katarzyna Miranowicz-Dzierżawska 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):107-116
The acute-toxic-class method (ATC) is an alternative to the classical LD50 test. Four substances were tested with an ATC testing procedure. The results were compared with LD50 data obtained from the literature. Great importance was attached to the observations of toxic signs following administration. The results of this study have shown that the ATC method allows allocation to toxicity classes in the same manner as on the basis of the classical LD50 tests. The ATC method uses fewer animals and yields the same information on toxic signs. Introducing the ATC method into the quality system allows estimating the acute oral toxicity of chemicals according to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD; OECD, 1992, 1996). 相似文献
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A number of important rivers of Romania were investigated for pharmaceutical and antifungal residues. In a post target approach analysis, a single-stage, high-resolution mass spectrometry was successfully applied for the screening of 43 pharmaceuticals and fungicides in water, using U-HPLC-Exactive Orbitrap MS at 50,000 full width at half maximum resolution. Detection was based on accurate masses and retention times. The study confirmed the presence of pharmaceuticals and antifungals such as diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, trimethoprim, thiabendazole, and clotrimazole, in water. Diclofenac and carbamazepine were the most frequently detected (eight samples); concentrations ranged from 5 to 50 ng L?1. Low concentrations of griseofulvin were detected in the Prut River. Further monitoring studies should be carried out in order to fill the gaps of knowledge concerning the presence of pharmaceutical residues in Romanian water environment and to improve public understanding regarding the environmental risk of pharmaceutical contamination. 相似文献
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Robert Gifford Leila Scannell Christine Kormos Lidia Smolova Anders Biel Stefan Boncu Victor Corral Hartmut Güntherf Kazunori Hanyu Donald Hine Florian G. Kaiser Kalevi Korpela Luisa Marie Lima Angela G. Mertig Ricardo Garcia Mira Gabriel Moser Paola Passafaro José Q. Pinheiro Sunil Saini Toshihiko Sako Elena Sautkina Yannick Savina Peter Schmuck Wesley Schultz Karin Sobeck Eva-Lotta Sundblad David Uzzell 《Journal of environmental psychology》2009
The personal assessments of the current and expected future state of the environment by 3232 community respondents in 18 nations were investigated at the local, national, and global spatial levels. These assessments were compared to a ranking of each country's environmental quality by an expert panel. Temporal pessimism (“things will get worse”) was found in the assessments at all three spatial levels. Spatial optimism bias (“things are better here than there”) was found in the assessments of current environmental conditions in 15 of 18 countries, but not in the assessments of the future. All countries except one exhibited temporal pessimism, but significant differences between them were common. Evaluations of current environmental conditions also differed by country. Citizens' assessments of current conditions, and the degree of comparative optimism, were strongly correlated with the expert panel's assessments of national environmental quality. Aside from the value of understanding global trends in environmental assessments, the results have important implications for environmental policy and risk management strategies. 相似文献
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Organic pollutants in the Odra river ecosystem 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The paper presents the results of the analysis of water and bottom sediment samples from different locations along the Odra river, collected during eight campaigns in the years 1997-2000. All the basic organic pollutants were determined. Pollution of water with PCBs was negligible while with PAHs was not critical. Concentrations of volatile organochlorine compounds in water were the highest in Brzeg Dolny and its surroundings. Concentrations of tetrachloroethene were exceptionally high in the Szczecin Lagoon. The Odra sediments were non-polluted or only slightly polluted with PCBs, pesticides and different classes of volatile organic pollutants. However, PAHs were present in rather large concentrations, especially in the upper course of the Odra river. The data obtained contributed to the evaluation of pollutants discharges to the Baltic sea via Szczecin Lagoon as well as to the characterization of pollution sources (point sources and area sources) in the Odra catchment area. 相似文献