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771.
Yuping Chen Hui Yan Yijuan Yao Chunling Zeng Ping Gao Liyue Zhuang Liya Fan Daiqi Ye 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(8):1-13
Due to the influences of precursors emissions, meteorology, geography and other factors, ozone formation sensitivity (OFS) is generally spatially and temporally heterogeneous. This study characterized detailed spatial and temporal variations of OFS in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) from 2012 to 2016 based on OMI satellite data, and analyzed the relationships of OFS with precursors emissions, meteorology and land use types (LUTs). From 2012 to 2016, the OFS tended to be NOx-limited in GBA, with the value of FNR (HCHO/NO2) increasing from 2.04 to 2.22. According to the total annual emission statistics of precursors, NOx emissions decreased by 33.1% and VOCs emissions increased by 35.2% from 2012 to 2016, directly resulting in OFS tending to be NOx-limited. The Grey Relation Analysis results show that total column water (TCW), surface net solar radiation (SSR), air temperature at 2 m (T2) and surface pressure (SP) are the top four meteorological factors with the greatest influences on OFS. There are significant positive correlations between FNR and T2, SSR, TCW, and significant negative correlations between FNR and SP. In GBA, the OFS tends to be NOx-limited regime in wet season (higher T2, SSR, TCW and lower SP) and VOCs-limited regime in dry season (lower T2, SSR, TCW and higher SP). The FNR displays obvious gradient variations on different LUTs, with the highest in “Rural areas”, second in “Suburban areas” and lowest in “Urban areas”. 相似文献
772.
Shenfang Liu Linli Rao Pupu Yang Xinyi Wang Linlin Wang Rui M Limin Yue Xin Hu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(7):109-116
In this study, N-doped porous carbons were produced with commercial phenolic resin as the raw material, urea as the nitrogen source and KOH as the activation agent. Different from conventional carbonization-nitriding-activation three-step method, a facile two-step process was explored to produce N-incorporated porous carbons. The as-obtained adsorbents hold superior CO2 uptake, i.e. 5.01 and 7.47 mmol/g at 25?°C and 0?°C under 1 bar, respectively. The synergistic effects of N species on the surface and narrow micropores of the adsorbents decide their CO2 uptake under 25?°C and atmospheric pressure. These phenolic resin-derived adsorbents also possess many extremely promising CO2 adsorption features like good recyclability, quick adsorption kinetics, modest heat of adsorption, great selectivity of CO2 over N2 and outstanding dynamic adsorption capacity. Cheap precursor, easy preparation strategy and excellent CO2 adsorption properties make these phenolic resin-derived N-doped carbonaceous adsorbents highly promising in CO2 capture. 相似文献
773.
以壳聚糖为原材料,通过原位共沉淀法和柠檬酸钠交联法制备了一种新型多孔磁性壳聚糖凝胶微球吸附剂CS-citrate/Fe3O4.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析(TG)对吸附剂进行了表征.结果表明,吸附剂内部具有发达的孔隙结构,并均匀分布有平均直径为(4.79±1.09)nm的Fe3O4纳米颗粒;吸附剂中引入Fe3O4后,仍存在羟基、氨基和羧基等功能基团,且吸附剂磁性良好可用于磁场分离;吸附剂对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附等温线和动力学研究表明,吸附过程以化学吸附为主,最大吸附容量可达178.25mg/g. 相似文献
774.
Zijuan Lan Bin Zhang Xiaofeng Huang Qiao Zhu Jinfeng Yuan Liwu Zeng Min Hu Lingyan He 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(1):277-284
Haze in China is primarily caused by high pollution of atmospheric fine particulates (PM2.5). However, the detailed source structures of PM2.5 light extinction have not been well established, especially for the roles of various organic aerosols, which makes haze management lack specified targets. This study obtained the mass concentrations of the chemical compositions and the light extinction coefficients of fine particles in the winter in Dongguan, Guangdong Province, using high time resolution aerosol observation instruments. We combined the positive matrix factor (PMF) analysis model of organic aerosols and the multiple linear regression method to establish a quantitative relationship model between the main chemical components, in particular the different sources of organic aerosols and the extinction coefficients of fine particles with a high goodness of fit (R2 = 0.953). The results show that the contribution rates of ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA), secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and black carbon (BC) were 48.1%, 20.7%, 15.0%, 10.6%, and 5.6%, respectively. It can be seen that the contribution of the secondary aerosols is much higher than that of the primary aerosols (79.4% versus 20.6%) and are a major factor in the visibility decline. BBOA is found to have a high visibility destroying potential, with a high mass extinction coefficient, and was the largest contributor during some high pollution periods. A more detailed analysis indicates that the contribution of the enhanced absorption caused by BC mixing state was approximately 37.7% of the total particle absorption and should not be neglected. 相似文献
775.
Effects of soil properties on production and bioaccumulation of methylmercury in rice paddies at a mercury mining area, China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Rice paddy soil is recognized as the hotspot of mercury(Hg) methylation, which is mainly a biotic process mediated by many abiotic factors. In this study, effects of key soil properties on the production and bioaccumulation of Hg and methylmercury(MeHg) in Hg-contaminated rice paddies were investigated. Rice and soil samples were collected from the active Hg smelting site and abandoned Hg mining sites(a total of 124 paddy fields) in the Wanshan Mercury Mine, China. Total Hg(THg) and MeHg in soils and rice grains, together with sulfur(S),selenium(Se), organic matter(OM), nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), mineral compositions(e.g., SiO_2, Al_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3) and pH in soils were quantified. The results showed that long-term Hg mining activities had resulted in THg and MeHg contaminations in soil-rice system. The newly-deposited atmospheric Hg was more readily methylated relative to the native Hg already in soils, which could be responsible for the elevated MeHg levels in soils and rice grains around the active artificial Hg smelting site. The MeHg concentrations in soils and rice grains showed a significantly negative relationship with soil N/Hg, S/Hg and OM/Hg ratio possibly due to the formation of low-bioavailability Hg–S(N)–OM complexes in rhizosphere. The Hg–Se antagonism undoubtedly occurred in soil-rice system, while its role in bioaccumulation of MeHg in the MeHg-contaminated rice paddies was minor. However, other soil properties showed less influence on the production and bioaccumulation of MeHg in rice paddies located at the Wanshan Mercury Mine zone. 相似文献
776.
基于响应面法优化活性炭处理含镉废水工艺的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以广西河池市某工厂含镉废水为研究对象,开展了活性炭吸附法处理含镉废水的研究。在单因素实验结果基础上,选取活性炭用量、温度和时间进行三因素三水平的中心组合设计实验和响应面分析。研究结果表明活性炭去除废水中镉的最佳工艺条件是:当废水中镉的初始浓度为25.1 mg/L时,活性炭用量为1.58 g/100m L,温度为28.09℃,时间为1.53 h,在此条件下镉的去除率可达到97.55%。 相似文献
777.
磨盘山水库作为哈尔滨市城区主水源,确保其水源地环境安全是我市重要的民生保障。以《集中式饮用水水源地环境保护状况评估技术规范》(HJ 774-2015)为依据,对哈尔滨市磨盘山水源地2016年环境状况进行了评估。结果表明,磨盘山水源2016年度综合评估得分为98.13分,属于优秀水源。取水保证状况评估得分10分,评估结果属于优秀;水源达标状况得分60分,评估结果属于优秀;管理状况评估得分28.125分,评估结果属于优秀。针对评估结论提出了相应的保护对策,为哈尔滨市磨盘山水源地保护和环境管理工作提供了科学依据。 相似文献
778.
对水环境中事实上存在但尚未引起人们足够重视的一类风险,非突发性风险,作了简要的概述。主要讨论了关于非突发性风险的发生、特征、影响因素及研究目的,并为考虑非突发性风险的水质规划提供了一个新的科学依据。 相似文献
779.
780.
杭州市郊菜区大气及蔬菜中氟化物的含量和分布 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文分析调查了杭州市郊菜区大气及一些主要蔬菜中氟化物的含量及分布,并对蔬菜中氟化物含量与大气氟污染的关系进行了相关分析。结果表明,杭州市郊菜区个别蔬菜中氟化物含量已超过有关标准,这主要与工业污染源的分布有关;蔬菜中氟化物含量与大气氟浓度之间存在着明显的相关关系。 相似文献