脱硫废碱液还原废水中的Cr(Ⅵ)

利用脱硫废碱液对酸化后的含铬废水进行处理,研究了废水初始pH、脱硫废碱液加入量和静置时间等对Cr(Ⅵ)转化率的影响.实验结果表明,在废水初始pH为1.4、静置时间为30 min的条件下,处理30 mL Cr(Ⅵ)质量浓度为126.5 mg/L的含铬废水,适宜的脱硫废碱液加入量为6 mL,此条件下Cr(Ⅵ)转化率接近10...     

城市污水雌激素活性研究进展——毒性评估、致毒物解析及毒性削减

城市污水成分复杂,含有多种有毒有害物质,使其能对生物体产生各种不良生物效应,其中,内分泌干扰物,尤其是雌激素类物质以及具有雌激素活性的污染物,因能影响生物的生殖系统并造成受纳水体鱼类性别转变等危害而备受关注,城市污水的雌激素活性也一直是污水处理领域的研究热点.当前,城市污水回用是缓解全球水资源危机的重要途径之一,在此背...     

Distillers’ grains anaerobic digestion residue biochar used for ammonium sorption and its effect on ammonium leaching from an Ultisol

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this work was to explore the potential application of biochar from distillers’ grains anaerobic digestion residue pyrolyzed at...     

The toxicity of cadmium ion (Cd2+) to phycocyanin: an in vitro spectroscopic study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The pollution of heavy metals is a severer problem for the ecosystems in waters. The toxicity of Cd2+ on phycocyanin (PC) is studied in molecular...     

Effects of intercropping with floricultural accumulator plants on cadmium accumulation in grapevine

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) intercropping with floricultural cadmium (Cd) accumulator plants (Helianthus annuus L., Cosmos sulphureus Cav., Cosmos...     

制备ZnO/CdS/Au异质结用于可见光催化降解低浓度甲醛

采用水热法和化学浴沉积法制备了ZnO/CdS/Au异质结光催化剂,用于可见光下室温去除低浓度甲醛。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS、UV、PL、PEC、EIS等手段对ZnO/CdS/Au异质结光催化剂的光学性能、光电性能进行表征。结果表明,Au负载的ZnO/CdS纳米棒组成的微米花状结构中,异质结和金属等离子体效应能拓宽光谱吸收范围,抑制半导体缺陷发光,促进光吸收以及光生电子空穴的分离和迁移;所制备的ZnO/CdS/Au异质结光催化剂对甲醛的去除具有优异性能,室温下2 h即可将反应舱内低质量浓度甲醛(1.25 mg·m⁻³)降至0.025 mg·m⁻³以下,且经过8次重复使用后催化剂活性没有明显下降。此外,影响甲醛去除的因素,如催化剂种类、光照波长、甲醛初始质量浓度、相对湿度也进行了研究和探讨。该研究结果对低浓度甲醛的室温去除具有理论指导意义。     

Fractionation of fulvic acids: characteristics and complexation with copper

Two fulvic acid samples isolated from Suwannee river (International Humic Substance Society) and Feeitsuey reservoir were subjected to gel filtration chromatography (GFC) for molecular size fractionation. The GFC-eluted samples were separated into three groups corresponding to the molecular weight ranges: < 220, 220-1000, and 1000-4000. Fluorescence quenching techniques were employed for determining the conditional stability coefficient and kinetic parameters of copper complexation with the three fractions of fulvic acids. Experimental conditions were pH 6, 5 x 10(-5)m total copper and 5 mg C litre(-1) of fulvic acids. The conditional stability coefficients of the fulvic acid fractions were in the order of 0.9-3.3 x 10(5)m(-1), and the forward and reverse rate constants were in the order of 6.9-12.4 x 10(3)m(-1) s(-1) and 3.5-8.0 x 10(-2) s(-1). Information could be useful in modelling copper transport in the hydrosphere.     

Modeling the competitive effect of phosphate, sulfate, silicate, and tungstate anions on the adsorption of molybdate onto goethite

The mobility of Mo in soils and sediments depends on several factors including soil mineralogy and the presence of other oxyanions that compete with Mo for the adsorbent's retention sites. Batch experiments addressing Mo adsorption onto goethite were conducted with phosphate, sulfate, silicate, and tungstate as competing anions in order to produce competitive two anions adsorption envelopes, as well as competitive two anions adsorption isotherms. Tungstate and phosphate appear to be the strongest competitors of Mo for the adsorption sites of goethite, whereas little competitive effects were observed in the case of silicate and sulfate. Mo adsorption isotherm from a phosphate solution was similar to the one from a tungstate solution. The charge distribution multi-site complexation (CD-MUSIC) model was used to predict competitive adsorption between MoO(4)(2-) and other anions (i.e., phosphate, sulfate, silicate and tungstate) using model parameters obtained from the fitting of single ion adsorption envelopes. CD-MUSIC results strongly agree with the experimental adsorption envelopes of molybdate over the pH range from 3.5 to 10. Furthermore, CD-MUSIC prediction of the molybdate adsorption isotherm show a satisfactory fit of the experimental results. Modeling results suggest that the diprotonated monodentate complexes, FeOW(OH)(5)(-0.5) and FeOMo(OH)(5)(-0.5), were respectively the dominant complexes of adsorbed W and Mo on goethite 110 faces at low pH. The model suggests that Mo and W are retained mainly by the formation of monodentate complexes on the goethite surface. Our results indicate that surface complexation modeling may have applications in predicting competitive adsorption in more complex systems containing multiple competing ions.     

Organochlorine pesticides in soil profiles from Tianjin, China

Soil cores were collected from soils at five sites in Tianjin area for the determination of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs, including alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, gamma-HCH and delta-HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites (DDXs, including p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDD) and total organic carbon (TOC). The levels and vertical distributions of HCHs and DDXs are studied. Results show that the application of pesticides in the past years was the major contributor of HCHs and DDXs accumulation in the sampling areas. Significant positive correlations were seen between the residual and application amounts of HCHs and DDXs. Wastewater irrigation did not bring a significant contribution of HCHs or DDXs into the soils. HCHs and DDXs concentrations peak at the surface and decline in soil profile with depth, while fluctuations were observed in the plow layers of some cultivated soils caused by frequent cultivation activities and batch irrigation. Positive correlations were observed between the contents of TOC and HCHs and DDTs. Although the amounts of HCHs application in all sampling sites are larger than DDXs, at surface and near surface layers of most sampling sites, the concentrations of summation operatorHCHs are lower than summation operatorDDXs. The composition of DDXs in the applied pesticides and sampled soils indicates that there is no recent DDT input at the sample areas.