Impacts of climate change in rapidly urbanizing region-a case study in Hangzhou(China)

Climate change is expected to be a major driving force of landscape in the coming decades.It will have a multitude of potential impacts that vary in intensity and effect according to region and sector.In the context of global warming,the climate of China has changed significantly in the recent 100 years.The reason for climate change in China is mainly due to irrational land use caused by human activities,which chiefly results in the rapid industrialization and urbanization process.Based on an assessment model,this research represents a picture of the impacts of climate change in six districts of Hangzhou region.The aim of this paper is to conclude,on the one hand,some of Hangzhou sensitivities in relation to the primary effects of climate change.On the other hand,a reflection is made on a methodology to formulate preconditions on a scientific basis for further research by design of integrated adaptation options for the future spatial developments in function to upgrade Hangzhou resilience in relation to climate change challenges.     

粉煤灰的改性及对刚果红的吸附

分别采用沸水浸泡、酸浸、碱浸和加热的方法对粉煤灰进行改性处理,利用FTIR仪和XRD仪对改性粉煤灰的成分和官能团进行了分析,并利用改性粉煤灰对模拟刚果红废水进行脱色。实验结果表明：碱改性粉煤灰中含有大量官能团,以及NaPl型沸石类物质,能够明显提高粉煤灰对刚果红的吸附性能;与活性炭相比,碱改性粉煤灰具有更高的性价比;在初始刚果红质量浓度为20mg/L、碱改性粉煤灰加入量为50g/L的条件下,废水的脱色率可达87.52%;碱改性粉煤灰对刚果红的吸附过程遵循二级反应动力学,较好地符合Langmuir等温式和Freundlich等温式。     

含硝基苯类化合物废水处理技术研究进展

综述了近年来处理含硝基苯类化合物废水的物理法（包括吸附法和溶剂萃取法）、化学法（包括电化学法、铁碳微电解法、超声波氧化法和臭氧氧化法及复合技术）和生物法的研究进展。指出将现有的处理技术高效整合并降低成本是今后处理含硝基苯类化合物废水的研究方向和重点。     

BiFeO3可见光催化降解甲基紫

采用柠檬酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备了光催化剂BiFeO₃。采用SEM,XRD,FTIR等技术对光催化剂BiFeO₃进行表征。表征结果显示,光催化剂BiFeO₃晶相纯、粒径小、比表面积大,存在Fe#x02014;O的弯曲振动和伸缩振动。实验结果表明：通过鼓气及加入H₂O₂可有效提高BiFeO₃对甲基紫可见光催化降解的效率;在300mL质量分数为1.5#x000d7;10^-5的甲基紫溶液中加入0.9g光催化剂BiFeO₃和0.1mL质量分数为30%的H₂O₂溶液,当反应时间为240min时,甲基紫去除率可达99%。     

高电压电容吸附法处理模拟含盐废水

针对电容吸附除盐法的缺点,通过对电极进行绝缘处理,开发了一种新型高电压电容吸附除盐技术。实验结果表明：增大外加电压,有利于除盐效率的提高;外加电压为60V时,NaCl去除率可达90%以上;增大废水流速对吸附效果不利;反应温度对处理效果的影响不大;在NaCl质量浓度为80mg/L、外加电压为60V、反应温度为25℃、废水流速为36m/s、反应时间为30min的条件下,经一级处理和二级处理后出水的NaCl质量浓度分别为39mg/L和16mg/L,NaCl去除率分别为51.3%和80.0%。     

UASB-SBR-絮凝工艺处理地沟油制生物柴油废水

采用UASB-SBR-絮凝工艺处理地沟油制生物柴油废水,考察了各个阶段的废水处理效果。实验结果表明：UASB稳定运行阶段进水COD约为15000mg/L时,COD去除率约为87%,出水COD在2500mg/L以下,出水挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度为4~6mmol/L,最佳容积负荷为15.0kg/（m3·d）;采用SBR处理UASB出水,当容积负荷为1.5kg/（m3·d）时,出水COD在200mg/L以下,COD去除率在83%以上,ρ（NH₃-N）在5mg/L以下,TP约为25mg/L。向SBR出水中加入质量分数为5%的聚合氯化铝进行化学除磷,加入量为5mL/L,处理后废水TP为4~6mg/L。处理后废水的COD,ρ（NH₃-N）,TP均达到CJ343-2010《污水排入城市下水道水质标准》的A类要求。     

Concentration and health risk evaluation of heavy metals in market-sold vegetables and fishes based on questionnaires in Beijing,China

Concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in market vegetables and fishes in Beijing, China, are investigated, and their health risk to local consumers is evaluated by calculating the target hazard quotient (THQ). The heavy metal concentrations in vegetables and fishes ranged from not detectable (ND) to 0.21 mg/kg fresh weight (f.w.) (As), ND to 0.10 mg/kg f.w. (Cd), and n.d to 0.57 mg/kg f.w. (Pb), with average concentrations of 0.17, 0.04, and 0.24 mg/kg f.w., respectively. The measured concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Zn are generally lower than the safety limits given by the Chinese regulation safety and quality standards of agriculture products (GB2762-2012). As, Cd, and Pb contaminations are found in vegetables and fishes. The exceeding standard rates are 19 % for As, 3 % for Cd, and 25 % for Pb. Pb contaminations are found quite focused on the fish samples from traditional agri-product markets. The paper further analyzed the health risk of heavy metals in vegetables and fishes respectively from supermarkets and traditional agri-product markets; the results showed that the fishes of traditional agri-product markets have higher health risk, while the supermarkets have vegetables of higher heavy metal risk, and the supervision should be strengthened in the fish supply channels in traditional agri-product markets.     

Potential toxicity of amphenicol antibiotic: binding of chloramphenicol to human serum albumin

Antibiotics are widely used in daily life but their abuse has posed a potential threat to human health. To evaluate the toxicity of chloramphenicol (CAP) at the protein level, the interaction between CAP and human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by fluorescence, Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and molecular docking methods. Fluorescence data revealed that the fluorescence quenching of HSA by CAP was the result of the formation of CAP–HSA complex, and the binding constant was determined to be 3.196?×?10⁴ L mol^?1 at 310 K. The thermodynamic determination indicated that the interaction was driven by enthalpy change and entropy change together, where the multiple hydrogen bonds (CAP and the residues Arg 222 and His 242 of HSA) and van der Waals forces were the dominant binding force. The site marker competition revealed that CAP bound into sub-domain IIA of HSA. The binding of CAP induced the drastic reduction in α-helix conformation and the significant enhancement in β-sheet conformation of HSA. Molecular docking study further confirmed the binding mode obtained by experimental study. This work provides a new quantitative evaluation method for antibiotics to cause the protein damage.     

高效脱硫菌的筛选及其性能研究

从高硫污染的活性污泥中富集培养,分离纯化得到一株可以降解噻吩的菌株s_4,并对该菌株的形态特征进行观察。应用Design—Expert8．0．5b软件进行响应面优化实验,研究了反应时间、噻吩浓度、微生物浓度3个因素的组合对菌株s_4脱硫效果的影响,并拟合得到多元二次回归方程,得出最佳实验条件。拟合结果表明,当反应时间27．46h,噻吩浓度为1．04％,微生物浓度4．04％时,预测噻吩降解率为14．8％,通过验证得最佳条件下的降解率为14．3％,与预测值相符。     

3种运行模式下CAST工艺脱氮性能

以模拟城市污水为处理对象,采用循环式活性污泥法（CAST）反应器,对3种运行模式（M1：常规模式,M2：缺氧好氧模式、M3：缺氧好氧交替模式）下系统的脱氮性能进行了研究,比较了各模式下CAST反应器的氨氮和总氮的去除效率,并对各模式下典型周期内氮基质浓度变化进行了考察,以确定系统的脱氮模式。结果表明,在氨氮去除不成为限制条件（去除率〉90％）的条件下,3种运行模式下系统总氮的平均去除率分别为67．3％、70．6％和82．4％,以缺氧好氧交替模式下的最高;M1、M2和M3均可实现亚硝酸型硝化,但随着温度的升高,亚硝酸型硝化逐渐消失。静态实验分析表明,3种模式下系统的氨氧化速率大小次序为：vN：M1〉vN：M2〉vN：M3,反硝化速率大小次序为：vDN,M2〉vDN,M3〉vDN,M1。