三氧化二砷冶炼废渣的危害及处理

三氧化二砷冶炼过程中产生大量含砷废渣,此类废渣对环境的危害极大,目前国内外常规的稳定化技术、固化技术难以从根本上解决其对环境的危害,通过大量的试验和实践,证明此类废渣在水泥行业中能有效地被利用,可彻底地消除三氧化二砷冶炼过程中的废渣污染问题。     

Modeling patterns of nonlinearity in ecosystem responses to temperature, CO2, and precipitation changes.

It is commonly acknowledged that ecosystem responses to global climate change are nonlinear. However, patterns of the nonlinearity have not been well characterized on ecosystem carbon and water processes. We used a terrestrial ecosystem (TECO) model to examine nonlinear patterns of ecosystem responses to changes in temperature, CO2, and precipitation individually or in combination. The TECO model was calibrated against experimental data obtained from a grassland ecosystem in the central United States and ran for 100 years with gradual change at 252 different scenarios. We primarily used the 100th-year results to explore nonlinearity of ecosystem responses. Variables examined in this study are net primary production (NPP), heterotrophic respiration (R(h)), net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE), runoff, and evapotranspiration (ET). Our modeling results show that nonlinear patterns were parabolic, asymptotic, and threshold-like in response to temperature, CO2, and precipitation anomalies, respectively, for NPP, NEE, and R(h). Runoff and ET exhibited threshold-like pattern in response to both temperature and precipitation anomalies but were less sensitive to CO2 changes. Ecosystem responses to combined temperature, CO2, and precipitation anomalies differed considerably from the responses to individual factors in terms of response patterns and/or critical points of nonlinearity. Our results suggest that nonlinear patterns in response to multiple global-change factors were diverse and were considerably affected by combined climate anomalies on ecosystem carbon and water processes. The diverse response patterns in nonlinearity have profound implications for both experimental design and theoretical development.     

深圳市滨海湿地两个观光农业系统的能值整合研究

应用能值研究方法对深圳市海上田园旅游区的芦花湖和农家小院两个观光农业系统进行了生态经济分析.从系统和子系统两个层面,进行了能值产出、环境负载、可持续发展能力的评价与比较;与珠三角另一个观光农业系统(百万葵园)、两个基塘农业系统(菜-鱼、菜-猪-鱼)和一个巴西基塘系统(谷-猪-鱼)进行了横向比较.从货币收益的角度看,农家小院系统的费用使用效率、商品生产获利能力要优于芦花湖系统.但能值整合分析却显示出不一样的结果:两系统内旅游业子系统的能值交换率较高,而二者的农牧业子系统及农家小院系统的水产业子系统的能值交换率均较低,其生产效率仍有待提高.芦花湖系统的环境负载率为7.31,能值可持续发展指标为0.255,分别是农家小院的0.25倍和2.26倍,因而更具长远发展优势.与传统农业相比,观光农业的能值交换率和环境负载率整体偏高,表明其在经济效益创造上优于传统农业,但在自然资源利用和环境压力,以及可持续发展能力等方面与传统农业尚存在差距,在今后的发展中需借鉴传统农业的经验并加以改善,防止观光农业发展中绿色产业褐色化现象的发生.     

餐饮业小型污水综合处理系统的技术研究

阐述了餐饮污水进行综合处理工艺的技术方案 ,即将餐饮污水中有营养价值的固体物质经过粉碎、固液分离和烘干消毒等工序后打包统一收集 ;含油污水经过油水分离后 ,废油回收 ,废水排入下水道。介绍了粉碎机、固液分离装置和油水分离器等设备的原理。该处理系统具有投资少、操作简单、自动化程度高等特点     

城市生活垃圾堆肥过程控制技术的现状和发展

介绍了堆肥处理过程的特点 ,叙述了国内外城市生活垃圾过程控制技术的发展现状 ,指出了该技术今后的主要发展方向及发展趋势 ,并讨论了垃圾堆肥过程控制面临的理论与实际问题。     

The Impact of Perceptual and Situational Factors on Environmental Communication: A Study of Citizen Engagement in China

This study applied a situational approach to understanding an environmental problem: PM2.5 (its resulted haze and smog air pollution) in China. Based on a national sample of 374 citizens living in China, it tested a situational model of problem solving and extended it by adding citizens’ environmental engagement behaviour as an immediate consequence of their communicative action. Results of a structural equation modelling analysis supported all the causal links in the conceptual model. Moreover, communicative action significantly mediated the relationship between referent criterion and environmental engagement. Problem recognition, constraint recognition, and involvement recognition did not influence environmental engagement directly, but exerted their significant indirect impact via two key mediators in the model: situational motivation in problem solving and communicative action in problem solving. Theoretical and practical implications of the present study were discussed.     

环境监测中如何提高水污染环境监测质量的分析

随着经济的不断发展,人类对于资源的消耗速度越来越快,使得环境正在逐渐的恶化。针对这种情况,保护环境成为了当前社会发展的重要手段。环境监测就是定期对环境中所含有的污染物进行分析,通过不断收集数据,来分析环境污染的变化,进而找出影响环境的原因。环境监测的内容包括空气、土壤等多个方面,水体监测是其中重要的工作内容,直接影响到对环境的正确评价。鉴于此,本文首先分析了水污染监测工作的重要性,然后提出了提高水污染监测质量的方法,希望能够为相关工作提供借鉴。     

基于物联网技术的跨区域气象环境污染监测系统

在气象污染方面,不同区域气象环境污染不同,各个地区的信息关联性微弱,导致现地区气象环境污染指数测量设备无法对其他区域污染信息准确检测,因此,本文通过提出以物联网技术为支持的跨区域气象环境污染监测系统,提出软硬件设计方式,系统以分层、模块、网络结构的物联网,通过以HMP45D传感器为基础的污染信息采集系统及以S3C2410处理器为基础的信息处理系统组成,各系统可单独运作,且系统设计MMA7260传感节点加速器加入到节点中,克服跨区域导致的湿度传感器误差,设计防治信号冲突软件,确保系统实用性。     

Pesticide wastewater treatment using the combination of the microbial electrolysis desalination and chemical-production cell and Fenton process

• MEDCC combined with Fenton process was developed to treat real pesticide wastewater. • Pesticide removal was attributable to desalination in the MEDCC. • High COD removal was attributable to organic distributions in different chambers. The combination of the microbial electrolysis desalination and chemical-production cell (MEDCC) and Fenton process for the pesticide wastewater treatment was investigate in this study. Real wastewater with several toxic pesticides, 1633 mg/L COD, and 200 in chromaticity was used for the investigation. Results showed that desalination in the desalination chamber of MEDCC reached 78%. Organics with low molecular weights in the desalination chamber could be removed from the desalination chamber, resulting in 28% and 23% of the total COD in the acid-production and cathode chambers, respectively. The desalination in the desalination chamber and organic transfer contributed to removal of pesticides (e.g., triadimefon), which could not be removed with other methods, and of the organics with low molecular weights. The COD in the effluent of the MEDCC combined the Fenton process was much lower than that in the perixo-coagulaiton process (<150 vs. 555 mg/L). The combined method consumed much less energy and acid for the pH adjustment than that the Fenton.     

Study on turbulence characteristics and sensitivity of quadrant analysis to threshold level in Lake Taihu

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The identification of coherent structures is very important in investigating the sediment transport mechanism and controlling the eutrophication in...