沉积物原位物理洗脱技术对苦草萌发生长的影响

原位物理洗脱技术是一种应用于修复受污染的沉积物的新兴技术,但沉积物洗脱处理后对沉水植物萌发生长的影响尚不明确。通过模拟原位空气洗脱与原位水力洗脱2种典型原位物理洗脱技术,处理富含有机质的沉积物,研究洗脱对苦草萌发和生长指标的影响,以及洗脱后沉积物的理化性质的变化。结果表明:2种方式洗脱后沉积物中苦草种子的萌发率、萌发速度以及幼苗的株高、鲜质量、根数、叶数等指标均优于未洗组,其中水力洗脱后沉积物中苦草的萌发生长状况最好,萌发率是未洗组的2.9倍,株高和根数分别是未洗组的2.29和4.76倍;物理洗脱后,沉积物中氨氮($NH_{4}^{-}$-N)与酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)等还原性物质浓度分别下降34.15%~35.19%和7.67%~44.89%,有机质浓度下降70.04%~77.90%,表层(0~5 cm)沉积物由强还原状态(ORP<-350 mV)改善至弱还原状态(ORP为-200~-100 mV);此外,沉积物中大粒径(50~2 000 μm)颗粒占比增至89.02%~92.84%,有利于上覆水中的O₂向沉积物中扩散,促进苦草的萌发生长。原位物理洗脱尤其是水力洗脱后,沉积物的理化条件更有利于苦草的萌发生长。     

Do credit constraints affect the technical efficiency of Boro rice growers? Evidence from the District Pabna in Bangladesh

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study analyzes the effects of credit constraints on technical efficiency of Boro rice growers in the district of Pabna in Bangladesh. Using a...     

Does more voluntary environmental information disclosure cut down the cost of equity: heavy pollution industries in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Examining the coexisting policies for mandatory and voluntary disclosure of environmental information, this paper focuses on the unique background for...     

碳布负载的Co3O4纳米片阵列阳极对微生物燃料电池产电性能的影响

微生物燃料电池（MFCs）是一种在处理废水的同时产生电能的新型装置,阳极作为产电微生物富集、电子产生和传递的区域对提高MFCs的性能具有至关重要的作用。以碳布负载的四氧化三钴多孔纳米片阵列(Co₃O₄/CC)作为阳极,探究了可调控的纳米片孔缺陷对MFCs产电性能的影响。结果表明：Co₃O₄/CC阳极的产电性能显著优于碳布,且正比于Co₃O₄纳米片的孔隙率;液固界面处的电荷传递电阻(R_ct)由729.20 Ω降至43.48 Ω,所获得的最大功率密度由1275 mW·m⁻²增加至1547 mW·m⁻²。本研究开发了一种孔结构可控的金属氧化物负载碳布策略,所制备的高性能阳极材料可为MFCs的性能提升提供参考。     

不同环境因素对厌氧甲烷氧化型自养反硝化系统脱氮性能的影响及其微生物群落分析

采用序批实验研究了不同环境因素(甲烷供应、初始硝氮浓度和pH值)对厌氧甲烷氧化型反硝化系统脱氮性能的影响,并采用高通量测序对不同pH下反应器内微生物群落结构进行了分析.结果 表明:当甲烷供给充足时,系统反硝化效果明显;随着初始硝氮浓度的升高,系统平均脱氮率呈现先升高后下降的趋势,表明适当增大硝氮质量浓度(＜30 mg·...     

含污泥坑生活垃圾填埋场竖向扩容工程稳定沉降分析

为减少生活垃圾填埋场内污泥坑的存在给填埋场后期竖向扩容工程带来的难度,以辽宁省某含污泥坑生活垃圾填埋场为例,对其竖向扩容工程进行了工艺设计和验证分析。根据工程目标和相关规范,合理确定了扩容后填埋场整体平面布置和填埋堆高等参数,选用原位固化技术对污泥进行了加固处理,并确定了处理后污泥的力学参数设计值。使用Geo-Slope软件,建立了扩容后填埋场堆体边坡的计算模型,并分析和评价了3种不同工况边坡抗滑稳定性的影响。基于理正岩土软件,对填埋场垃圾堆体进行了沉降计算,并根据沉降分析结果进一步确定了防渗系统设计方案。结果表明：污泥坑加固处理后,各工况下的垃圾堆体边坡抗滑稳定安全系数均满足规范要求;固化处理后污泥的相关强度等指标均满足垃圾堆体竖向扩容设计要求;防渗系统最大伸长率为0.4%,满足规范要求;防渗结构中设置了抗沉降加筋层,可抵抗垃圾堆体的不均匀沉降。本研究成果可为国内同类型生活垃圾填埋场的竖向扩容工程工艺设计提供参考和借鉴。     

Metagenomic analysis reveals the effects of cotton straw–derived biochar on soil nitrogen transformation in drip-irrigated cotton field

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biochar has been widely accepted as a soil amendment to improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency, but the effect of biochar on N transformation metabolic...     

Correction to: Preparation of GO/MIL-101(Fe,cu) composite and its adsorption mechanisms for phosphate in aqueous solution

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15526-6     

Genotoxicity of two novel pesticides for the earthworm, Eisenia fetida

In this paper, several studies were conducted to evaluate the genotoxicity of two pesticides, Imidacloprid and RH-5849, for earthworm (Eisenia fetida). Earthworms were exposed in different exposure systems to evaluate their acute toxicity and the genotoxicity of the two pesticides was evaluated by using the method of sperm deformity assessment, micronucleus test of root tip cells in Vicia faba, a mouse bone-marrow micronucleus test, and comet assay. LC(50) (interpolated concentration at which 50% mortality of test population occurs) for earthworms varied in different exposure systems. The results indicated that Imidacloprid was consistently more toxic than RH-5849 in all exposure systems. In this study, sperm deformity test was used to detect the potential adverse influences of pesticides on the reproduction of earthworms. The results demonstrated that significant induction of sperm deformity (p<0.01) and a dose-effect relationship displayed at Imidacloprid concentrations higher than 0.5 mg/kg dry soil. However, the sperm deformity frequency of groups exposed to RH-5849 did not show significant difference (p>0.05) from the control until the dose reached 100 mg/kg dry soil. The results of the V. faba micronucleus tests showed that micronuclei frequency of the exposed group did not show significant difference (p>0.05) from the control until the concentration of Imidacloprid and RH-5849 reached 100 mg/ml. The results of the mouse bone-marrow micronuclei test also indicate that two pesticides did not show significant effects (p>0.05) on the micronuclei frequency in mice bone-marrow cells until the dose reached 100 mg/kg for Imidacloprid and 300 mg/kg for RH-5849 (2/3 LD(50)). Although no genotoxicity was detected by using the micronucleus tests, the results of the comet assay showed that the two pesticides induce significant DNA damage (p<0.01) in earthworms and dose-effect relationships were displayed. The 'earthworm comet assay' is a rapid and sensitive way to screen chemicals or terrestrial environments for their DNA-damaging properties.     

The improved activity of Co3O4 nanorods using silver in the catalytic oxidation of toluene

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Co3O4 nanorods with diameters of ~0.15 μm and lengths of ~1 μm were prepared using a hydrothermal method via the assembly of microcrystals...