电磁辐射与电磁防护

本文讨论了电气进程带来的电磁辐射污染及其防护问题。从电磁辐射的来源、作用人群、对人体的影响方式阐述了电磁辐射防护的必要性。介绍了电磁辐射暴露限值标准、电磁辐射防护原理、防护装备标准及产品现状。提出了现有电磁辐射暴露限值标准及防护装备产品标准的不足,指出现阶段应进行的进一步工作：考虑非致热效应对人体的影响,完善统一电磁辐射暴露限值标准;增加电磁辐射防护装备标准覆盖面,以利加强监管,进一步规范产品市场。     

武汉市无公害蔬菜生产的问题与对策

介绍了我国部分城镇在粮食作物和蔬菜产品受化学农药等有害化学物污染简况和无公害蔬菜的研究进展。调查分析了武汉市目前蔬菜生产中农药污染的现状与问题，提出了在武汉市实施无公害蔬菜生产示范工程项目的建议和对策，并进行了讨论。     

长江上游攀西—六盘水地区资源开发与环境保护

长江上游攀西——六盘水地区是个资源富集的“金三角”。通过交通先行,加快资源开发,对增强21世纪经济发展后劲意义重大。但生态环境恶化,急需加强保护。     

我国的环境现状,类型与变化

本文结合区域的社会经济发展状况，通过采用一定的数学模型，分析了我国区域环境现状、类型及其变化，得出了一些有参考价值的结论。     

Do credit constraints affect the technical efficiency of Boro rice growers? Evidence from the District Pabna in Bangladesh

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study analyzes the effects of credit constraints on technical efficiency of Boro rice growers in the district of Pabna in Bangladesh. Using a...     

Correction to: Preparation of GO/MIL-101(Fe,cu) composite and its adsorption mechanisms for phosphate in aqueous solution

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15526-6     

Genotoxicity of two novel pesticides for the earthworm, Eisenia fetida

In this paper, several studies were conducted to evaluate the genotoxicity of two pesticides, Imidacloprid and RH-5849, for earthworm (Eisenia fetida). Earthworms were exposed in different exposure systems to evaluate their acute toxicity and the genotoxicity of the two pesticides was evaluated by using the method of sperm deformity assessment, micronucleus test of root tip cells in Vicia faba, a mouse bone-marrow micronucleus test, and comet assay. LC(50) (interpolated concentration at which 50% mortality of test population occurs) for earthworms varied in different exposure systems. The results indicated that Imidacloprid was consistently more toxic than RH-5849 in all exposure systems. In this study, sperm deformity test was used to detect the potential adverse influences of pesticides on the reproduction of earthworms. The results demonstrated that significant induction of sperm deformity (p<0.01) and a dose-effect relationship displayed at Imidacloprid concentrations higher than 0.5 mg/kg dry soil. However, the sperm deformity frequency of groups exposed to RH-5849 did not show significant difference (p>0.05) from the control until the dose reached 100 mg/kg dry soil. The results of the V. faba micronucleus tests showed that micronuclei frequency of the exposed group did not show significant difference (p>0.05) from the control until the concentration of Imidacloprid and RH-5849 reached 100 mg/ml. The results of the mouse bone-marrow micronuclei test also indicate that two pesticides did not show significant effects (p>0.05) on the micronuclei frequency in mice bone-marrow cells until the dose reached 100 mg/kg for Imidacloprid and 300 mg/kg for RH-5849 (2/3 LD(50)). Although no genotoxicity was detected by using the micronucleus tests, the results of the comet assay showed that the two pesticides induce significant DNA damage (p<0.01) in earthworms and dose-effect relationships were displayed. The 'earthworm comet assay' is a rapid and sensitive way to screen chemicals or terrestrial environments for their DNA-damaging properties.     

The improved activity of Co3O4 nanorods using silver in the catalytic oxidation of toluene

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Co3O4 nanorods with diameters of ~0.15 μm and lengths of ~1 μm were prepared using a hydrothermal method via the assembly of microcrystals...     

Groundwater geochemical signatures and implication for sustainable development in a typical endorheic watershed on Tibetan plateau

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Groundwater resource is significantly important for sustainable development of the world, especially for arid endorheic watersheds. A total of 28...     

巯基改性壳聚糖复合材料的制备及其用于高容量去除水中Hg(Ⅱ)

摘  要  壳聚糖(CS)因其无毒害、可降解性、成本低等特点而在众多高分子材料中脱颖而出,但稳定性和选择性较差,从而限制了其在重金属吸附中的应用。以巯基丙酸 (MPA) 为改性剂,以1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺(EDC) 为活化剂,制备了CS-MPA复合材料,使用单一变量法优化制备条件。结果表明,最优制备参数为：改性时间6 h,温度20 ℃,pH=6,m_(CS:MPA:EDC)为1∶0.8∶1,制备得到的 CS-MPA在酸性条件下对Hg(II)依旧保持较高去除效率。在复合材料表面引入巯基后出现了多层堆叠的不规则形态,比表面积增大。CS-MPA对Hg(II)的吸附在 360 min 内可达到平衡,以单层吸热的化学反应为主,25 ℃时理论最大吸附容量推测为 833.3 mg·g⁻¹。吸附机理主要是材料上的软碱(—SH和—NH₂)与软酸 Hg(II)之间发生的螯合反应,其次为酰胺基的结合作用。CS-MPA对 Hg(II)有较高的吸附选择性;且经过5次的吸附-解吸循环后,去除率仍保持在较高水平。以上研究结果表明 CS-MPA对Hg(II)的去除效果较好,可为废水中Hg(II)的去除与回收提供参考。