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401.
空气中挥发性有机物监测技术的研究进展 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
讨论了空气中挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的监测分析方法研究进展。重点介绍了空气中VOCs的采集、分析和测定;简要叙述了样品前处理的新方法--固相微萃取法(SPME)与其它前处理方法的研究概况。 相似文献
402.
以小型碎石床人工湿地生态系统和无土栽培2种方法,模拟研究了广东园林绿化中常用的27种植物对生活污水中氮、磷、COD的降解能力,表明野芋头、花叶万年青、象草、姜花、绿公主、富贵竹、再力花、大花叶万年青、芦苇、花芦苇、美人蕉、文殊兰、水芋头、风车草、红草、蜘蛛兰、千手观音、水葱和花蝴蝶等18种植物,可以作为人工湿地生态系统选种植物,从而扩大了可选植物品种范围,配合适当,可达到美化环境和净化污水2种功能,可适用于面源性水污染的治理.象草的研究表明,它是一种既有强污水降解能力又能作饲料的品种,适用于畜牧场的水污染治理. 相似文献
403.
水解——好氧——混凝沉淀工艺处理涤纶厂聚酯废水 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
报道了用上流式厌氧污泥床和生物接触氧化池对涤纶厂聚酯废水所进行的中试。当上流式厌氧污泥床进水CODcr浓度为1200mg/L,经水解-好氧工艺处理后,好氧池出水的CODcr浓度为169.1mg/L,进一步混凝沉淀处理后,出水CODcr达80mg/L。 相似文献
404.
Enhanced phytoextraction of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd with EDTA and EDDS 总被引:43,自引:0,他引:43
Chemically enhanced phytoextraction has been proposed as an effective approach to removing heavy metals from contaminated soil through the use of high biomass plants. Using pot experiments, the effects of the application of EDTA, EDDS and citric acid on the uptake of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd by corn (Zea mays L. cv. Nongda 108) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. white bean) plants were studied. The results showed that EDDS was more effective than EDTA at increasing the concentration of Cu in corn and beans. The application of 5 mmol kg-1 soil EDDS to soil significantly increased concentrations of Cu in shoots, with maximum levels of 2060 and 5130 mg kg-1 DW in corn and beans, respectively, which were 45- and 135-fold higher than that in the corresponding control plants to which chelate had not been applied. Concentrations of Zn in shoots were also higher in the plants treated with EDDS than in those treated with EDTA. For Pb and Cd, EDDS was less effective than EDTA. The maximum Cu phytoextraction was found with the EDDS treatment. The application of EDTA and EDDS also significantly increased the shoot-to-root ratios of the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in both plant species. The results of metal extraction with chelates showed that EDDS was more efficient at solubilizing Cu and Zn than EDTA, and that EDTA was better at solubilizing Pb and Cd than EDDS. 相似文献
405.
本文作者从成功运用"优势菌处理工业废水技术”的某织染公司水解池中取得10株纯菌.为了解该系统保持稳定脱色效果的原因,对分离到的10株纯菌进行进一步的脱色研究.分别对10株纯菌的完整细胞及其细胞破碎液进行活性染料的脱色实验,结果发现这10株菌均具有较高脱色率,且其混合菌群完整细胞的脱色效果优于各单株菌.混合菌群及各单株菌破碎细胞脱色实验结果与完整细胞的结果一致. 相似文献
406.
In order to assess the effects of metal interactions on plant growth, a greenhouse experiment was conducted, in which spring barley was grown for 48 days in a soil to which cadmium, copper, lead and zinc were added singly and in combination. Plant growth was measured as shoot and root dry matter production. At the end of the experiment the plant material was analysed for metal uptake and the soil was extracted with CaCl(2) solution, to measure the plant-available metal content. The most consistent effect on plant growth was an interaction between copper and zinc, which was also important in determining uptake of these metals and the amounts extractable with CaCl(2) solution. An analysis of the underlying mechanism led to the conclusion that the growth of barley was controlled principally by the amount of plant-available zinc, which depended on the amounts of both added zinc and added copper. The effect of the added copper was to increase the toxicity of the added zinc. 相似文献
407.
Liu SL Luo YM Cao ZH Wu LH Ding KQ Christie P 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2004,26(2-3):285-293
Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal alfalfa (Medicago sativa) was grown in pots containing soil artificially contaminated with various levels of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) (0, 1, 10 and 100 mg kg(-1)). Soil and plants were sampled after 30, 40, 50, 60 and 90 days and compared with unlanted pots. The percentage of mycorrhizal root length colonized by Glomus caledoniun was not significantly affected by the addition of B[a]P up to 10 mg kg(-1) but was significantly lower at 100 mg kg(-1)B[a]P compared with low concentrations (p < 0.05). There was no difference in soil polyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase activity among the controls and applications of 1 and 10 mg kg(-1) of B[a]P. However, enzyme activities were significantly higher at 100 mg kg(-1) B[a]P compared with the other three treatments, and there was no mycorrhizal effect. Over a period of 90 days the concentration of B[a]P in soil in which alfalfa was grown was significantly lower than in unplanted soil (p < 0.05). Degradation rates of B[a]P added at 1, 10 and 100 mg kg(-1) without G. caledonium were 76, 78 and 53%, and with mycorrhizal inoculation were 86, 87 and 57%. The degradation rate in unplanted soil was significantly lower than in planted soil, and was significantly higher in medium- and low-B[a]P treatments than in the high B[a]P concentration tested. There is a possibility of enhancement phytoremediation of PAHs in rhizosphere soil with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. 相似文献
408.
S.L. Liu Y.M. Luo Z.H. Cao L.H. Wu K.Q. Ding P. Christie 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2004,26(2):285-293
Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal alfalfa (Medicago sativa) was grown in pots containing soil artificially contaminated with various levels of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)(0, 1, 10 and 100 mg kg–1). Soil and plants were sampled after 30, 40, 50, 60 and 90 days and compared with unlanted pots. The percentage of mycorrhizal root length colonized by Glomus caledoniun was not significantly affected by the addition of B[a]P up to 10 mg kg–1 but was significantly lower at 100 mg kg–1B[a]P compared with low concentrations (p < 0.05). There was no difference in soil polyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase activity among the controls and applications of 1 and 10 mg kg–1 of B[a]P. However, enzyme activities were significantly higher at 100 mg kg–1B[a]P compared with the other three treatments, and there was no mycorrhizal effect. Over a period of 90 days the concentration of B[a]P in soil in which alfalfa was grown was significantly lower than in unplanted soil (p < 0.05). Degradation rates of B[a]P added at 1, 10 and 100 mg kg–1 without G. caledonium were 76, 78 and 53%, and with mycorrhizal inoculation were 86, 87 and 57%. The degradation rate in unplanted soil was significantly lower than in planted soil, and was significantly higher in medium- and low-B[a]P treatments than in the high B[a]P concentration tested. There is a possibility of enhancement phytoremediation of PAHs in rhizosphere soil with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. 相似文献
409.
赫德莱顠体虫(Aeolosomaheadleyi)为一种小型木栖寡毛类,行无性繁殖,室内培养容易。铬对其急性毒性试验结果为:24hLC_(50)为3.55(3.16─3.90)mg/L,48hLC_(50)为1.88(1.77─2.01)mg/L。低浓度慢性试验结果为:无效应浓度(NOEC)为101μg/L最大可接受浓度(MAEC)为101─102μg/L慢性暴露10d后种群可恢复的最高浓度为210ug/L.对此种寡毛类作为毒性试验生物的可能性作了简短的讨论。 相似文献
410.
火电厂灰场排水除氟与降pH的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文根据湖北荆门热电厂灰场排水水质情况采用硫酸铝-助凝剂的方法进行了除氟与降pH的试验研究.分别通过静态试验、实验室配水动态试验和现场动态试验,使灰场排水中的氟离子含量由18mg/L左右降至10mg/L以下,pH值由9左右降至8以下。灰场排水处理量为每小时5t的现场试验结果表明,降低水中氟离子含量并同时降低其pH值的药品成本费为每吨灰火0.05元左右,只降低pH的药成本费为每吨灰水0.03元以下. 相似文献