Effects of Se and Zn supplementation on the antagonism against Pb and Cd in vegetables

The antagonistic effects of supplementation of Zn and Se to the soil on vegetables were studied in this work. In the pot experiment, Se (Se4+) and Zn (Zn2+) were applied, respectively, to the soil, in which the Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) and the lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were planted. As a result, Se and Zn were enriched evidently in the two vegetables. The contents of Pb and Cd in the two vegetables were decreased markedly while contents of some healthy mineral elements, like Mn and Mg, were increased to some extent when Se and Zn were applied. The antagonism of Se and Zn against Pb and Cd in plants was suggested. The farmland experiment on the lettuce was conducted to explore further the effect of supplementation of Zn and Se under the actual field conditions. Result came out to be that the enrichment of Zn and Se restrained the accumulation of Pb and Cd in the lettuce remarkably, as well as enhanced the absorption of some other nutritional elements, like Fe, Mn, Cu, Ca and Mg. Therefore, application of Se and Zn was proved to be an effective and feasible method to improve trace elements nutrition in the vegetables.     

Comparison of current ATDs with Chinese adults in anthropometry

Objective: Crash test dummies are full-scale anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) that simulate the dimensions, weight proportions, and articulation of the human body and are used to measure human injury potential in vehicle crashes. The Hybrid III dummy family, which is widely used currently, takes selected percentiles of anthropometry dimensions of U.S. adults as design references. The objective of this study was to assess the difference in anthropometry between Chinese adults and the currently used dummy.

Methods: Based on the Chinese National Physical Fitness Surveillance of the year 2000, 2005, 2010 and National Standard of China GB/T 10000–1988, a series of anthropometric parameters for Chinese adults were obtained, and data analysis was conducted between Chinese adults and ATDs that are currently used.

Results: The comparison revealed distinct anthropometric difference between ATDs and Chinese adults. Based on the latest data, median Chinese females were about 2.6% lower in stature and about 8.03% lower in body weight than the ATD design targets. Similarly, median Chinese males were about 3.48% shorter and weighed 11.89% less than the ATD design targets.

Conclusions: Although the anthropometric differences between Chinese adults and the Hybrid III ATD specifications were modest and growing smaller, it is advisable to take the differences in anthropometry between ATDs and Chinese adults into consideration when developing new vehicles in China to provide effective protection specifically for Chinese occupants.     

海南省农村生活用水与污水排放调查分析研究

随着经济发展,农村生活污水治理问题己经成为海南省环境保护突出的问题,为了充分掌握海南省农村生活污水特征,对海南省北部、东部、南部、西部和中部的村庄生活污水产生、排放、污染特征及污水收集现状进行调查,以期为海南省农村生活污水治理提供准确的基础数据。     

TGA analysis of tobacco rob pyrolysis and release characteristics of noncondensable gas in a fixed-bed reactor

In this study, the size of tobacco rob (TR) particle was considered as a major factor in determining the mass loss in thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and product yield and composition at different reactor temperatures in the fixed-bed reactor. The TGA results showed that the conversion rate increased and the activation energy (ranged from 53.29 to 58.25 kJ/mol) decreased with a decrease in particle size. The experiments demonstrated that fuel gas yield (from 0.76 to 0.82 Nm³/kg at 900 °C) increased with a decrease in particle size while char and tar yield decreased. Smaller particle sizes resulted in higher H₂ (25.68%) and CO (27.36%) contents. Minimizing the size of raw materials is an alternative method to improve the gas quality of TR pyrolysis. The increase of gas yield was attributed to the decomposition of char and tar vapor as temperature increased.     

胜利油田海上散装油辁的安全管理

胜利油田自1988年在海上开发第一口探井至今已成功投产油井近400口,年产原油210余万吨,需用90艘各类船舶,从事运输作业,其中2000 t级原油穿梭油轮2艘,1500t成品油轮1艘,800t原油轮2艘,还需外雇船舶42艘,其中油轮13艘,总载重量1万余吨.     

胜利埕岛油田海底管线防悬空技术控讨与应用

海底管线悬空是安全生产、环境保护的重大隐患.在对海底管线悬空原因分析的基础上,介绍了抛填砂袋法、挠性软管跨接法、水下支撑固定法、水工布法及仿生海草技术等方法的应用、特点.实践表明,仿生海草技术根治了滩海海底管道悬空问题,获得了较好的社会效益和经济效益.     

水稻精深加工企业污水处理工艺的选择研究

根据某水稻精深加工企业废水特点,提出4套废水处理方案,通过技术经济等方面的比较,确定该企业的污水处理方案.认为采用PS-生物流化床法处理企业废水具有工艺合理、运行稳定可靠、处理效率高、投资少、占地面积小等优点,同时给出了废水的预处理效果,及污水处理站的选址.     

电镀六价铬废水的实用处理工艺研究及应用

研究了一种简单可行的实用型六价铬废水处理工艺.试验结果表明,采用该处理工艺,对六价铬浓度很高的电镀废水,在较短的处理时间内都能达到很好的去除效果.该工艺应用在实际工程中,六价铬去除率达99.9%以上,出水达到<污水综合排放标准>(GB 8978-1996)中的一级标准.该工艺与传统的化学处理法相比,具有操作简单、无刺激性气体排放等优点.     

悬浮载体生物流化床对城市污水有机物去除效能的研究

悬浮载体生物流化床是一种全新的反应器,本文介绍了该反应器的特点及试验方法,并通过试验对城市污水有机物的去除效能进行了研究,结果表明,反应器对cOD的平均去除率达到89.52%,试验中全部出水水样cOD浓度在50mg/L以下,达到了国家《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)一级标准.     

广平台地磁日变幅逐日比与地震关系的研究

分析了河北广平地磁台1982年至2006年地磁垂直分量日变幅逐日比值的高值异常与河北及邻区Ms≥5．0地震之间的关系，发现它们之间有较好的对应关系；同时给出了适用于广平地磁台的地震分析预报参数，并对其内检预报效能进行了评价，为今后广平台依磁报震提供了依据。