生物转鼓工艺好氧同步处理工业废气中的SO2和NOx

为提升基于脱硫脱硝工艺的生物转鼓对工业废气中SO2、NOx的处理效果,在好氧条件下,分析了生物转鼓的启动过程、稳态下的生物相群落结构,考察了不同进气质量浓度下生物转鼓对SO2、NOx的处理效果和去除负荷,并探讨了生物转鼓同步脱硫脱硝过程中N和S的转化途径.结果表明:生物转鼓的启动挂膜需耗时约25d;门水平的脱硫脱硝优势...     

Synergistic effects of gaseous pollutants on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Liuzhou,China

Previous studies demonstrated that short-term exposure to gaseous pollutants (nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and ozone (O₃)) had a greater adverse effect on cardiovascular disease. However, little evidence exists regarding the synergy between gaseous pollutants and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, we aimed to estimate the effect of individual gaseous pollutants on hospital admissions for CVD and to explore the possible synergistic effects between gaseous pollutants. Daily hospitalization counts for CVD were collected from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2015. We also collected daily time series on gaseous pollutants from the Environment of the People’s Republic of China, including NO₂, SO₂, and O₃. We used distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNMs) to assess the association of individual gaseous pollutants on CVD hospitalization, after controlling for seasonality, day of the week, public holidays, and weather variables. Then, we explored the variability across age and sex groups. In addition, we analyzed the synergistic effects between gaseous pollutants on CVD. Extremely low NO₂ and SO₂ increase the risk of CVD in all subgroup at lag 7 days. The greatest effect of high concentration of SO₂ was observed in male and the elderly (≥ 65 years) at lag 3 days. Greater effects of high concentration of O₃ were more pronounced in the young (< 65 years) and female at lag 3 days, while the effect of low concentration of O₃ was greater in male and the young (< 65 years) at lag 0 day. We found a synergistic effect between NO₂ and SO₂ for CVD, as well as between SO₂ and O₃. The synergistic effects of NO₂ and SO₂ on CVD were stronger in the elderly (≥ 65) and female. The female was sensitive to synergistic effects of SO₂-O₃ and NO₂-O₃. Interestingly, we found that there was a risk of CVD in the susceptible population even for gaseous pollutant concentrations below the National Environmental Quality Standard. The synergy between NO₂ and SO₂ was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease hospitalization in the elderly (≥ 65). This study provides evidence for the synergistic effect of gaseous pollutants on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease.

     

A comparative study on adsorption behavior of iodinated X-ray contrast media iohexol and amidotrizoic acid by magnetic-activated carbon

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As persistent and ubiquitous contaminants in water, iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) pose a non-negligible risk to the environment and human...     

秦山岛周边海域大型底栖动物群落健康状况评价

2015年8月,对秦山岛周边的10个站位进行大型底栖动物定量调查。采用生物多样性指数法和丰度生物量比较法对大型底栖动物群落健康状况进行评价。结果显示,共鉴定大型底栖动物7大类31种,其中软体动物、环节动物各10种,节肢动物5种,脊索动物和棘皮动物各2种,纽虫类和腔肠动物各1种;密度优势类群为软体动物,占总密度的35.00%,生物量优势类群为脊索动物,占总生物量的49.35%;优势种分别为红狼牙虾虎鱼(Odontamblyopus rubicundus)、棘刺锚参(Protankyra bidentata)、内卷原盒螺(Eocylichna involuta)和微角齿口螺(Odostomia subangulata)。大型底栖动物密度为站位St.6最大,为115 ind./m²,St.2最小,为20 ind./m²,平均值为70 ind./m²;生物量St.3最大,为197.25 g/m²,St.9最小,为2.56 g/m²,平均值为54.04 g/m²。秦山岛受污染压力、人为活动干扰和生境限制能因素影响,多样性偏低,优势种为耐污的软体动物、脊索动物和棘皮动物,但其主要为K对策种类,大型底栖动物群落受到了轻度干扰,但群落结构仍较为稳定。     

1种改进的流变模型在层状覆盖层坝基上的应用*

为了深入剖析深厚覆盖层中各层岩土体的流变性对大坝安全稳定的影响机理。探索新的流变元件模型H-KS以适应层状覆盖层坝基,借助Comsol建立数值模型,计算青湾坝安全稳定指标,分析坝基流变对大坝整体的影响。研究结果表明:对于岩性、物理力学性质差异较大的层状覆盖层坝基,采用H-KS流变模型能较好反应大坝应力、变形和渗流实际情况,与监测值对比,误差在5%以内;相比不考虑流变的模型而言,应力、变形分别增大了10%和15.7%,部分增量会影响大坝结构的安全稳定,应予以重视;流变导致大坝整体渗透性降低,粗细粒层孔隙水压力分别减小了约50%和2.5%,加速了流固耦合过程,对于重新评估大坝的渗透性有重要参考意义;由于流变性不同,深厚覆盖层中粗粒土层在变形、应力和渗流方面影响最大,细粒土的贡献相对较小,除了与岩性相关之外,还与土层所处位置、厚度等相关。研究结果可为层状覆盖层上的大坝安全稳定体系的建立提供理论支持。     

西北典型地域云对地气系统的辐射强迫研究

采用NASA 地球观测系统(EOS)“云与地球辐射能量系统(CERES)”的云和辐射资料,研究了我国西北地区4 个典型地域2002 年7月至2004 年6 月云对地气系统辐射强迫的季节及年变化特征,探讨了云特性参量对云辐射强迫的影响.结果表明,云的辐射强迫具有显著的季节变化和地域变化.一般夏季云净辐射强迫最大,冬季最小,而塔克拉玛干沙漠最小值出现在秋季,夏季的季风影响区和塔克拉玛干沙漠区的云净辐射强迫相差达129W/m².云的短波辐射、长波辐射和净辐射年平均效应均在季风区最强,分别达-171.2,48.9,-122.3W/m²;在塔克拉玛干沙漠地区最弱,分别为-54.7,37.3,-17.4W/m².     

四溴二苯醚对人甲状腺细胞功能的影响

为研究四溴二苯醚(BDE-47)对原代培养人甲状腺细胞功能的影响,分别用浓度为10-12、10-10和10-8mol·L-1的BDE-47处理原代人甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞(TEC)24h,采用化学发光酶联免疫检测法检测细胞上清液中甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)的浓度,半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应技术检测功能相关的Tg基因和双链复合蛋白8(Pax-8)基因的表达.结果表明,10-12、10-10mol·L-1暴露组Tg分泌量较对照组显著减少(p<0.05),而10-8mol·L-1BDE-47组Tg分泌量与对照组无显著性差异(p>0.05).甲状腺功能相关Tg基因和Pax-8基因的表达量随BDE-47浓度的增加而显著降低(p<0.05),呈明显的剂量-效应关系.以上结果提示,BDE-47对离体培养的原代人甲状腺细胞的功能具有抑制作用,甲状腺功能相关Tg基因和Pax-8基因的表达下调可能是其作用机制之一.     

基于博弈理论的跨域水体联治府际行为研究——以太湖流域为例

为探究府际合作行为与成本收益之间的因果关系,发掘跨域合作治理困境的内生原因.以太湖流域水体联治为例,梳理流域行政区划分属江苏省、浙江省、安徽省以及上海市三省一市协作主体的角色定位和利益诉求,采用博弈理论与方法构建府际合作治理博弈矩阵,拆解政府策略选择的内在利益逻辑.研究表明:合作主体因发展基础差异化面临多元利益矛盾局面...