和谐社会视野下的环境伦理学

20世纪是人类科学取得巨大成就的时期,也是地球环境急剧恶化、环境危机全球化和日益严重的时期.本文通过环境整体主义道德哲学的核心意识结构阐释人类追求的最高价值即是生态系统的整体利益,它既涵盖了整体主义的和谐发展论,又包括完整的环境正义观.     

Important role of reaction field in photodegradation of deca-bromodiphenyl ether: Theoretical and experimental investigations of solvent effects

Photolysis of deca-bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was investigated in tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, isopropanol, acetone, ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile and dimethylsulfoxide. Noticeable differences of the photolytic rates and quantum yields were found in the diverse solvents. Different to the previous deductions, hydrogen donating efficiency and electron donating efficiency of solvents were not the decisive factors for the photolytic rate in this study, which was proved by the fast photolysis of BDE-209 in CCl₄, a solvent without hydrogen and difficult to donate electrons. Besides hydrogen addition process, intermolecular polymerization might occur during the photolysis. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation was performed to understand the molecular properties of BDE-209 in different solvents. The lowest singlet vertical excitation energy (E_ex) and the average formal charge on Br () of BDE-209, reflecting the difficulty for the excitation of BDE-209 and for the departing of Br atom, respectively, were changed by the reaction fields formed by the different solvents. E_ex and linearly correlated with the photolytic activity (log k). This study is helpful to better understand the photolytic behavior of BDE-209 in different media.     

A statistical analysis of the carbon dioxide capture process

Post combustion carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture is one of the most commonly adopted technologies for reducing industrial CO₂ emissions, which is now an important goal given the widespread concern over global warming. Research on amine-based CO₂ capture has mainly focused on improving effectiveness and efficiency of the CO₂ capture process. Our research work focuses on studying the relationships among the significant parameters influencing CO₂ production because an enhanced understanding of the intricate relationships among the parameters involved in the process is critical for improving efficiency of the CO₂ capture process. This paper presents a statistical study that explores the relationships among parameters involved in the amine-based post combustion CO₂ capture process at the International Centre for CO₂ Capture (ITC) located in Regina, Saskatchewan of Canada. A multiple regression technique has been applied for analysis of data collected at the CO₂ capture pilot plant at ITC. The parameters have been carefully selected to avoid issues of multicollinearity, and four mathematical models among the key parameters identified have been developed. The models have been tested, and accuracy of the models is found to be satisfactory. The models developed in this study describe part of the CO₂ capture process and can help to predict performance of the CO₂ capture process at ITC under different conditions. Some results from a preliminary validation process will also be presented.     

水煤浆洁净燃烧技术在南海发电一厂的工程应用与分析

简要介绍了水煤浆的特点及其在广东南海发电一厂的应用,分析了水煤浆洁净燃烧技术的应用在减少SO2排放量及环境保护方面的意义。     

金属非金属矿山企业如何推进安全生产标准化考评工作

通过典型企业推进安全标准化考评工作的研究成果,探讨了企业在开展安全标准化考评工作过程中所需遵循的步骤和相关要求,分析了考评工作过程中各阶段需要建设的内容和形式要求,给出了各阶段所需的工作时间.     

数字矿山巷道三维管理的研究与设计

数字矿山是近年来的一个研究热点,而井下三维巷道的可视化是该研究领域的关键问题之一.详细阐述了如何利用C++和OpenGL技术来进行三维巷道建模与显示,并结合实例进行了分析,有效解决了井下三维巷道的设计与现实问题.     

大型活动生物恐怖应急处置研究与系统开发

针对非传统安全威胁的现状及其应急处置中的主要问题,以典型的非传统安全事件-大型活动举办过程中生物恐怖事件为背景,通过比较分析,给出了生物恐怖的定义;从大型活动生物恐怖应急指挥与处置的角度,通过应急处置业务流程分析,提出了大型活动生物恐怖事件应急处置的系统框架;根据系统框架和处置功能分析,基于三维GIS和AJAX技术开发了大型活动生物恐怖应急处置原型系统,对复杂的应急处置体系进行了分层模块化和可视化,可为应急救援部门制定更为详细的救援方案和应急决策提供技术参考。     

空气和废气监测中H2S标液的选择

有2种不同方法制备的H2S标准溶液进行测定,结果表明,所得标准曲线斜率一致,因此,在实际工作中可对其灵活运用。     

浊点萃取分离富集荧光光度法测定水中α - 萘酚

基于非离子表面活性剂Triton X-114,采用浊点萃取分离富集荧光光度法测定水中α-萘酚,优化了影响浊点萃取的各种因素,包括样品酸度、表面活性剂体积分数、氢氧化钠溶液浓度、平衡温度和时间等,讨论了常见无机离子和可能共存的有机物的干扰。方法在0.010 mg/L～0.400 mg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为3.0μg/L,标准溶液测定的RSD为4.8%,水样加标回收率为94.3%～103%。     

Investigation of heavy metals in sediments and Manila clams Ruditapes philippinarum from Jiaozhou Bay, China

Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) and sediments were collected bimonthly during 2007 at five locations in Jiaozhou Bay near Qingdao, China, to determine heavy metal concentrations and to assess the validation of R. philippinarum as a metal biomonitor. Concentrations of heavy metals in clam soft tissues ranged between 0.75 and 3.31, 0.89 and 15.20, 5.70 and 26.03, 52.12 and 110.33, 10.30 and 72.34, 9.64 and 28.60, and 3.15 and 52.75 μg g^???1 dry weight for Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Ni, respectively. Most of the highest values occurred at the northeast bay and the lowest values occurred at the western part. Regarding seasonal variation, relatively high tissue metal concentrations were observed during October or December. A similar pattern was also found in habitat sediments. There was a strong correlation between the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Ni in soft tissues and surrounding sediments. It is indicated that R. philippinarum could be used as a biomonitor for heavy metal contamination in Jiaozhou Bay.