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641.
联邦德国为了降低矿物燃料的消耗并减少CO2的排放量,在发展和利用再生能源方面作出了巨大的努力。本文阐述了德国可再生能源的利用现状,分析了利用可再生能源的技术,经济方面的问题,讨论了减少CO2排放理的有效方法。 相似文献
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Xi Luo Ao Li Xue Xia Peng Liang Xia Huang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(9):108
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Caiyan Qu Lushan Li Fan Feng Kainian Jiang Xing Wu Muchuan Qin Jia Tang Xi Tang Ruiyang Xiao Di Wu Chongjian Tang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(9):115
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基于2015—2020年近地面NO2质量浓度数据和2019年哨兵-5P TROPOMI卫星探测的对流层NO2柱浓度数据,采用相关性分析、趋势分析等方法探究新疆天山北坡经济带6个城市NO2污染的时空分布特征。结果表明:(1)从年均值来看,天山北坡经济带NO2质量浓度总体呈下降趋势,尤其2018—2020年下降明显。其中乌鲁木齐NO2质量浓度值最高、博乐最低。(2)从季度均值和月均值来看,各城市NO2质量浓度季节变化明显,其中夏季最低、冬季最高;月均值呈“中间低、两头高”的变化特征。(3)从日均值来看,各城市NO2质量浓度大多呈现双峰型分布,分别出现在早上10:00和晚上23:00。(4)从空间分布来看,NO2柱浓度高值区多分布在人口密集和工业发达的城市地区,尤其是乌鲁木齐、昌吉、五家渠、石河子污染最为严重。 相似文献
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Jianfeng Wu Alfred Franzblau Chuanwu Xi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(5):4086-4094
A number of human health effects have been associated with exposure to metal removal fluids (MRFs). Multiple lines of research suggest that a newly identified organism, Mycobacterium immunogenum (MI), appears to have an etiologic role in hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in case of MRFs exposed workers. However, our knowledge of this organism, other possible causative agents (e.g., Pseudomonads), and the microbial ecology of MRFs in general, is limited. In this study, culture-based methods and small subunit ribosomal RNA gene clone library approach were used to characterize microbial communities in MRF bulk fluid and associated biofilm samples collected from fluid systems in an automobile engine plant. PCR amplification data using universal primers indicate that all samples had bacterial and fungal contaminated. Five among 15 samples formed colonies on the Mycobacteria agar 7H9 suggesting the likely presence of Mycobacteria in these five samples. This observation was confirmed with PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene fragment using Mycobacteria specific primers. Two additional samples, Biofilm-1 and Biofilm-3, were positive in PCR amplification for Mycobacteria, yet no colonies formed on the 7H9 cultivation agar plates. Real-time PCR was used to quantify the abundance of M. immunogenum in these samples, and the data showed that the copies of M. immunogenum 16S rRNA gene in the samples ranges from 4.33?×?104 copy/ml to 4.61?×?107 copy/ml. Clone library analysis revealed that Paecilomyces sp. and Acremonium sp. and Acremonium-like were dominant fungi in MRF samples. Various bacterial species from the major phylum of proteobacteria were found and Pseudomonas is the dominant bacterial genus in these samples. Mycobacteria (more specifically MI) were found in all biofilm samples, including biofilms collected from inside the MRF systems and from adjacent environmental surfaces, suggesting that biofilms may play an important role in microbial ecology in MRFs. Biofilms may provide a shield or sheltered microenvironment for the growth and/or colonization of Mycobacteria in MRFs. 相似文献
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Xi Chen Yitong Sun Qian Zhao Xiaoming Song Wei Huang Yiqun Han 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2016,66(4):366-376
A number of literatures have documented adverse health effects of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and secondary sulfate aerosol and black carbon may contribute to health impacts of PM2.5 exposure. We designed an exposure system to generate sulfate and traffic soot particles, and assessed the feasibility of using it for human exposure assessment in a pilot human exposure study. In the designed exposure system, average mass concentrations of generated sulfate and soot particles were 74.19μg/m3 and 11.54μg/m3 in the chamber and did not vary significantly during two-hour human exposure sessions. The size ranges of generated sulfate were largely between 20 to 200 nm, whereas those of generated soot particles were in the size ranges of 50 to 200nm. Following two-hour exposure to generated sulfate and soot particles, we observed significant increases in fractional exhaled NO (FeNO) in young and health subjects. Building on established human exposure system and health response follow-up methods, future full-scale studies focusing on the effects of mixed particulates and individual PM2.5 components would provide data in understanding the underpinning cardio-respiratory outcomes in relation to air pollution mixture exposure.
Implications: Controlled exposure is a useful design to measure the biological responses repeatedly following particulate exposures of target components and set exposure at target levels of health concerns. Our study provides rational and establishes method for future full-scale studies to focus on examining the effects of mixed particulates and individual PM2.5 components. 相似文献